
(ifass. 



Book 



COPYRICKT DEPOSIT 



WASHINGTON 



C. T. HUNTER'S 

OFFICIAL 

GUIDE BOOK 







W. J. ELLIOTT. Editor 



February. 1909 



COPYRIGHTED 



ALL F< I G H T S K E S E R \ t D 



Two Codes Receivefl 

P£B 24 lyoy 

Copyrufnt £nfry 
ASS O- XX& No 

CC5PY a. 




Preface 

More to illustrate the vicissitudes experienced by the street 
waifs of large cities than to exploit the publisher of this book, the 
editor of the Official Guide deems this the proper place to say a few 
words on Mr. C. T. Hunter. 

It is but a few years since he was known as the "King of 
Washington News Boys." He is now only just past thirty years of 
age and since .his fourth year he has been literally thrown upon the 
streets to make a living. At that baby-age he lost his father and the 
child through necessity took to the streets, selling newspapers to 
support his mother and still younger brother. 

In front of the Treasury building he daily sold the morning and 
evening papers, and wet or dry, cold or hot, the little childish voice 
could be heard by clerks, visitors and passers-by calling out the 
names of the different newspapers under his tiny arms. 

The boy grew and fought his way with his fists, his sunny dis- 
position, his ever-ready good humor and obliging disposition, until 
he secured the acknowledgement from his fellow Arabs of being 
"King of the Bunch." 

Mr. Hunter early got inside the newspaper buildings and became 
an expert in tlie circulation department. He had wonderful control 
over the newsboys and they implicitly obeyed and believed in him. 
Hence many a "beat" he gave his rivals in other newspaper offices 
by "cornering" the boys and "filling them up" with his "extras." 

He has handled great and minor newspapers from the New 
York American to the IVashington Mirror, and from one and all 
he has tributes to his honesty, faithfulness and integrity. 

The child and boy Hunter early learned the lesson that "hon- 
esty is the best policy" hence his sterling reputation at the age of 
thirty among the banks and business men of the Nation's capital. 

Branching out from the circulation department of the news- 
papers, Mr. Hunter opened various stores, along different lines of 
business, from Lunch Counters to Elevators, until he finally settled 
down some ten years ag-o at 113 Pennsylvania avenue, N. W., and 
opened a Bicycle Shop. This store he has made his headquarters, 



4 HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

SO to speak, but his business activities are not confined to the bicycle 
or skate trade, or indeed, to any particular or special line of trade. 
His irrepressible energy compels him, where his natural intelli- 
gence points the way, to tackle any enterprise from publishing a 
newspaper to producing the finest and most complete guide book this 
or any other city has been favored with. 

It has been his ambition for the past few years to produce 
something permanent in the present line of publication, and like 
everything else he has undertaken, he wanted only the best and m(i>t 
complete, hence his postponement of the enterprise until the present 
year. 

Air. Hunter prefers that the editor present the admirable fea- 
tures of his Guide Book rather than attempt further eulogy of a 
life but barely commenced, and which offers possibilities bv reason 
of training and environment to reach almost any rung on the ladder 
of fame. His portrait lacks all that make his features striking and 
attractive The genial smile, the laughing eye and the bantering 
good-fellowship must be seen and felt to appreciate a nvm wlio has 
been known on more than one occasion to strip off his overcoat and 
present it to some shivering wretch who had seen better days, and 
with whom Mr. Hunter had the passing acquaintance of the news- 
boy and the patron. 

The Department stores of Washington find it no rare occur- 
rence to see Mr. Hunter enter with oneor more tramps or "down and 
out" acquaintances of former days at his heels. An order to fit them 
out from shoes to hat is the customary outC(~)mc of the visit. 

The editor has witnessed some peculiar scenes of this character 
ill -Mr. llunter'.s store on the Avenue. Former publishers of daily 
and weekly newspapers, editors and reporters, professional men of 
unquestioned standing a few short years ago, come and go and 
never empty handed, although many of these derelicts have been 
refused assistance and abandoned by their own relatives. 

Such is but a mere pockct-i-hotograph of the i)iiblisher of Tin: 
Officiai, (iiwDK Hook. That he is one of the best known men in the 
Capital goes without saying, .every publisher, editor, reporter, 
banker and business man in the city having a speaking acquaint- 
ance with "Hunter, the Bicycle Man," as he modestly but shrewdly 
prefers to be known. 



The Nation's Capital 

It was only after a friendly contest that Washington was finally 
selected as the chief Seat or Capital of the American Republic. 

The claims of New York, Philadelphia, (especially), Baltimore, and 
less important cities were all vigorously urged and their respective part- 
isans were many, influential and eloquent. 

The Congress, at length in 1790, empowered President George 
Washington to select a location for a Federal Capital on the Potomac 
River. 

When a young man Washington was attracted by the scenic, com- 
mercial and strategic advantages of the present site of the Nation's 
Capital. .\s a surveyor of the virgin territory lying along and debouch- 
ing in ca])ricious magnificence from the noble stream, his trained eye 
>panned the unbroken forest and the silent river at his feet and he men- 
tallv developed the picture of a Capital worthy of a great nation; with 
a navigable river emptying into the sea. 

It was one of the flitting, intellectual dreams incidental to his pro- 
fession, his age, and the purity of his peaceful ambition, in peopling the 
solitude by which he was surrounded. In his gloriously youthful im- 
agination, he erected "Spanish Castles" of temples, warehouses, ships 
and marts <if trade and commerce, where Nature had pre-empted for 
undisturbed felicity the most ravishingly beautiful of her creations. 
And. to-day. the home of Washington, Mt. Vernon, where he lived and 
died, although as much a suburb of the Nation's Capital as commercial 
Georgetown or busy Alexandria is, in grandeur, as charmingly iso- 
lated from all the modern innovations of the show places as it was 
when the young Surveyor stood upon its wooded heights and dream- 
ingly gazed upon the flowing river at his feet. 

Nature has been permitted to sacredly preserve the woodland and 
sylvan surroundings of the boyhood and the tomb of the immortal 
Washington, and the visitor and pilgrim can behold the trees, the foli- 
age and the lan(lscai)e, the very buildings themselves and the environ- 
ment in which lived and died the mightiest Commoner, the most success- 
ful leader of an embattled people and the purest and most unselfish 
.statesman who ever triumphed in the cause of human liberty. It but 
adds and in no way detracts from the Mecca of Americans that the 
progress of modern enterprise has made Mt. Vernon as easy of access 
to the Capital selected by Washington as is Alexandria or George- 
town, in whose twin cities the Father of His Country walked, rode, 
drove and slept before a stone or brick was laid in the erection of the 
most beautiful Capital in the World. 

That the City of Washington leads the capital cities of the world 
is almost universally conceded. For not alone in splendor and magnifi- 
cence of its public buildings, and perfection of sanitary accessories does 
our Nation's Capital stand pre-eminent, but in the noble, unequaled 



6 HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

plan of its parks, streets, avenues, driveways, promenades and ever- 
expanding beauties. 

Its salubrious climate makes life worth living, fogs and extremes 
of temperature being practically unknown, or of but exceedingly rare 
occurrence. 

The lasting honor of laying out the Capital of the Nation is ac- 
corded Major L'Enfant, one of the French officers who served under 
Washington in the Revolution. This French engineer addressed him- 
self to the task with thoroughness and brilliancy. He drafted the plans 
of a noble city to represent a mighty and puissant people, whose free 
government was to cast the aegis of its protection over countless mil- 
lions of the human race. The far-seeing Gaul regarded the then few 
millions of scattered inhabitants as but a representative delegation of 
the one hundred million of freemen who in little more than a century 
would salute the ground upon which he viewed the rolling landscape 
at his feet as the greatest Capital in a circling world. With marvelous 




The White House 



foresight born of the genius of his race L'Knfant laid out a Capital for 
the United States which, with few modifications is to-day as he de- 
signed it and worked out its details under the approving and sagacious 
.supervision of his chief — the City of Washington — of President 
George Washington. The area plotted for streets, parks and avenues 
exceed in vastness and proportion that of any other city in the world. 

The P.eautification of Washington is the desire of the entire Na- 
tion, and it has steadily engaged the attention of the Congress. Every 
successive President since the close of the civil war (when the city was 
practically a vast encampment, defended by a circuit of sixty-eight 
forts) and every government under which the city has been adminis- 
tered have all devoted their minds and talents to the development and 
beautification of the Nation's Capital. 

Under the present form of government Washington City and the 
District of Columbia have been happily free from even a suspicion of 
scandal or mal-administration. 



IIUNTKRS Ori-ICIAI. tU'IDIC UOdK. I 

The District comprises an area of 69,245 square miles and (he pop- 
ulation is at present estimated about 350,000. The government con- 
sists of two Civilian Commissioners, appointed by the President of the 
L'nited States and confirmed by the Senate; and one Army En.Lcineer 
officer, detailed by the Secretary of War — the appointees constituting a 
lioard of Commissioners whose terms of service is three years. 

As Pennsylvania avenue is world-famous and its sidewalks have 
been trodden by the most illustrious statesmen and distinguished men 
in all walks of life; and, from every country in the world as well as 
our own, the "Guide" will have a few words on this "backbone of 
Washington," as it has been expressively called, descriptive of the great 
thoroughfare. 

The head of the "Avenue" rests upon the frowning and historic 
heights of Georgetown, and the other extreme end is swallowed up in 




Pennsylvania Avenue, looking east from Wfiite House 



the modern and better-built residences and remaining old shanties east 
of the Navy Yard. The avenue is four and one-half miles long but is 
intersected or broken by the Treasury Building, thv Capitol grounds, 
and the White House and grounds. 

There is a straight boulevard, however, between the Peace Me- 
morial, at the foot of the Capitol Building, and the Treasury, one and 
one-half miles in length, and 160 feet wide, paved with asphalt, indented 
at short and irregular intervals into plazas and parks, caused by the 
debouching of other streets into this main thoroughfare. 

A walk along the .■\venue from the Capitol to the White House 
will be found interesting and instructive under a "Hunter Guide." 
The walk begins at the Western gates of the Cajntol, whore First street 
N. W. curves across its circular front. Pennsylvania avenue strikes 
Northwest ; a few paces to the left Maryland avenue diverges South- 
west, straight down past the National ATuseum to the new bridge. 



8 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



(formerly known as the Long Bridge). Two conspicious monuments 
mark the circling of these streets, viz : The Naval or Peace Monument 
(opposite Hunter's store and at the base of the Capitol) and the Gar- 
field Monument, at Maryland avenue. 

The Naval Monument was erected in 1878 from contributions by 
officers and men of that service, "in memory of the officers, seamen, 
and marines of the United States Navy who fell in defense of the 
Union and liberty of their country. 1861-1865." It was designed from 
a sketch by Admiral David D. Porter, elaborated by Franklin Sim- 




Washington Monument 



mens, at Rome, and is of pure Carrara marble, resting uiwn an elab- 
orate granite foundation. America is sorrowfully narrating the loss 
of her defenders, while History records on her tablet : "They died that 
their country might live." Below these figures on the western plinth 
of the monument is a figure of Victory, with an infant Neptune and 
Mars, holding aloft a laurel wreath, and on the reverse is a figure of 
Peace ofi"cring an olive branch. The cost was $41,000, half of which 
was given by Congress for the pedestal and its two statues 

The C.arlicld Statue was ercctcfl by his comrades of the .\rmy of 
the Cumberland, and imvoiled in 1887, to cummemorate the virtues and 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDF BOOK. 9 

popularity of President James A. Garfield, whose assassination, six 
years before, had horrified the whole country. The statesman stands 
upon a massive pedestal, in the attitude of an orator; near the base of 
the statue three figures represent three phases of his career — student, 
soldier, and publicist. This statue was designed by J. Q. A. Ward, and 
erected at an expense of $65,000. half of which was appropriated by 
Congress to pay for the pedestal and its three bronze figures. 

In the triangle between these two avenues lies the ten-acre tract 
of the Botanical Garden, where Congressmen get their button-hole 
bouquets, and their wives cuttings and seeds for pretty house-plants. 
It long ago outlived its scientific usefulness, and has never attained ex- 
cellence as a public pleasure-garden or park, while its cost has been 
extravagant. 

The walls surrounding this expensive Congressional luxury arc 
now to be removed ; and, the Mall from the White House or Treasury 
to the Capitol will be an unbroken dream and the fulfillment of L'En- 




Library of Congress 

fant's noble conception of the Versailles to Paris — a sylvan and wood- 
land vista. But let us proceed along the Avenue : 

The buildings improve as we proceed, and in the next block, on 
the right, is the National Hotel, whose history goes back to the early 
decades of the century, for in the time of Clay and Webster it was filled 
with the leading spirits in the Government, who caused many memor- 
able things to happen beneath its roof. 

Next is Seventh street, the chief north-and-south artery of traffic. 
Here Louisiana avenue extends northeastward to Judiciary Square ; 
and its diagonal crossing of Pennsylvania avenue leaves a triangle, upon 
which stands the equestrian statue of Ma j. -Gen. Winfield S. Hancock. 

On the south side of the Avenue here, stretching from Seventh to 
Ninth street, is Center Market, one of the most spacious, convenient, 
well-furnished, and withal picturesque establishments of its kind in the 
country. No one should consider a tour of Washington made until 
they have spent an early morning hour in this market, and in the open- 



10 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



air country market behind it, along the raiUngs of the Smithsonian^ 
grounds, where the gaunt farmers of the Virginia and Maryland hills 
stand beside their ramshackle wagons, or hover over little fires to keep 
warm, and quaint old darkies ofifer for sale old fashioned flowers and 
"yarbs," live chickens, and fresh-laid eggs, bunches of salad or fruit 
from their tiny suburban fields, smoking cob pipes and crooning word- 
less melodies just as they used to do in "befo' de wa' " days. There 
are four or five great markets in Washington. Between the market 
and Pennsylvania avenue is a park space, through which runs the de- 
pression marking the old Tiber Canal, now a grassy trench crossed by j. 
picturesque bridge. Here stands the Statue of Maj.-Gen. John A. 
Rawlins, Grant's Chief-of-Staff, and later his Secretary of War, who 
also has a small park named after him in the rear of the War Office, 
where this monument was first erected. This statue, which is of 
bronze, after designs by J. Bailey, cast in Philadelphia, from cannon cap- 
tured by Grant's armies, was erected in 1874, and paid for ($12,000) 
by friends of Rawlins, who died here in 1869. 




Washington's New Union Station 

Good modern buildings and fine stores line the avenue from here 
on to Fifteenth street, especially on the northern side. At Ninth street, 
another north-and-south artery of street-car traffiic is crossed, and the 
.Academy of Music appears at the right. 

Tenth street, the next, is historic. At the left, past the market, is 
the principal entrance to the Smithsonian grounds. The open space 
here is decorated with Plassman's Statue of Benjamin Franklin, looking 
shrewdly down upon the trafficking throng, as that eminent man of 
affairs was wont to do. It is marble, of heroic size, represents Frank- 
lin in his court dress as Minister to the Court of France. The assassi- 
nation of President Lincoln occurred in the old Ford's Theater on this, 
Tenth street, in the second block north of Pennsylvania avenue, and the 
buildings made sacred by the event are still standing. 

Ford's Theater, which during the Civil War was the leading thea- 
ter in the city, has long been occupied by the Government as offices. 
Here, on the night of .\pril 14. 1865, President Lincoln, with members 
Ml* his family and staff, went, by special invitation, to witness a play. 



HUNTER S OI'FICIAI, GUIDK BdOl 



11 



During an inicrniission, Booth entered the box in which the iVesident 
sat, shot him in the back of the head with a revolver, and then leaped 
to the stage. At the same time, other assassins made attempts upon the 
lives of the cabinet officers — that upon Secretary Wm. H.Seward nearly 
proving successful. Booth leaped to the stage, and, with the other as- 
sassins, made his escape, but all were soon recaptured, brought to 
Washington (except Booth, who was killed in Maryland), and incar- 
cerated in the military penitentiary at the Arsenal, where four of the 
leaders of the conspiracy were tried and hung. Ford's Theater was at 
once closed by order of the Government, which purchased the building 
in 1866. It was remodeled and appropriated to the uses of the Record 
and Pension Division of the War Department, and on June 9, 1893, 
suffered a collapse of the floors, which caused the death and maiming of 
many clerks. And a most remarkable coincidence here occurs to us. 




New Municipal Building 



At the very hour when the floors collapsed Edwin Booth's remains 
were being borne to the tomb ! During all this time the proscenium pil- 
lar, next which Mr. Lincoln sat when he was killed, had been preserved 
in place, properly marked; it survived the disaster of 1893, and can still 
be seen. 

The house in which Mr. Lincoln died (No. 516 Tenth street, be- 
tween E and F) contains the Oldroyd memorial collection, begun by 
O. H. Oldroyd in i860, and now comprising three thousand objects 
connected, with or relating to the martyred President. Among them 
are the following: Family Bible in which Lincoln wrote his name 
in boyhood ; log from the old Lincoln home ; stand made from logs of 
house in which Lincoln lived, 1832-36; rail split by Lincoln and John 
Har;ks, in 1830 (with affidavit by Hanks) ; discharge given to one of 
his men by Captain A. Lincoln, Black Hawk AVar, 1832; picture of 



12 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDF. BOOK. 



Springfield House ; Hag carried in Lincoln and Hamlin campaign ; office 
chair in which Lincoln sat when he drafted his first Cabinet; farewell 
address to neighbors ; articles of furniture from the Springfield home ; 
autograph letters ; life-mask and cast of hands by L. W. Volk ; bill of 

the play "Our American Cousin ;" 250 funeral sermons and 

dirges ; 263 portraits, including the earliest known ; 209 medals ; the 
spur and flag which played a prominent part in Booth's leap from the 
box in the theater. 

Passing the beautiful white marble building of the Bicniiig Star and 
the Raleigh Hotel, we proceed to Thirteenth street, where the new 
District or Municipal building, on Thirteen-and-a-half street and 
corner of Fourteenth street, stands, and pleases the eye by its graceful 
and imposing architecture. 




Government Printing Office 

Fourteenth street is the most important thoroughfare, north and 
south, in this part of the city, extending from the foot of Maryland 
avenue, northward to Mount Pleasant. The l>elt Line cars run south- 
ward ui)un it from Pennsylvania avenue to the lUireau of Engraving 
and Printing, and so on around to the Capitol. At the right (north- 
ward) the street slopes steeply up the hill to F street. 

-Around the corner to the left, on Fifteenth street, are the Grand 
Opera House (Chase's), the armory of the Washington Light Infantry, 
the hou=e of the Capital Bicycle Club, etc. 

This brings us to the end of the Avenue, against the southern por- 
tico of the Treasury, and in sight of the impressive Sherman memorial. 
Turning to the right, up the slope of Fifteenth street, we pass the busy 
terminus of F street, and go on to G, where the Riggs House forms a 
dignified corner-piece. .\ few steps farther, tlie broad avenue in front 
of the Treasury opens the way northward, and brings us to that goal 01 
l);itriotic ambition- the Wliiti- House. 



iii'.\ti:k s oi-i-iciAi. c.riDi: r.ooK. 



13 



The first appearance of the White House never fails to disappoint 
Ijoth strani^^er and visiting" citizen. It is neither ini])osing- nor impres- 
sive and as a "palace" would not be accepted by a successful South 
Amierican revolutionist. 15ut the simple and historic pile of long, low 
buildings surrounded by well-kept lawns and embelished with stately 
trees and luxuriant foliage grows upon the thoughtful and the observ- 
ant pilgrim and visitor until an inward acknowledgement is made that 
the place is in keeping with a democratic form of government, the 
Chief Magistrate of which resides unmolested and practically un- 
guarded within its walls. Opposite the White House the visitor may 
take a seat in Lafayette Park, or inspect the statues of General Andrew 
Jackson, the hero of New Orleans, the beautiful Lafayette statue, and 
that of the Count Rochambeau, who with seven sail of the line, five 
frigates and five smaller vessels and several transports arrived at New- 
port July to. 1780. I'he Count brought with him six thousand fighting 




Soldiers' Home 



men to the aid of Washington and his opportune arrival infused new 
courage not only into the sorely pressed army of Washington but to the 
whole country. In fact, his arrival gave a new turn in the war, and 
the surrender at Yorktown was foreshadowed. 

The magnificent and commodious State, War and Navy structure, 
fronting the .Vvcnue a short block from the White House, will instantly 
arrest the attention of the visitor. Europe itself offers nothing supe- 
rior to this beautiful building and there are but few such departmental 
buildings in the world. 

The visitor usually ends the .Vvcnuc inspection at this building and 
rarely proceeds to olcl. historic Georgetown, which was a nourishing 
provincial city before Washington was ever evolved from the brain of 
its founder. 

Obeying this customary habit of the visitor we will take a green 
car and visit the "tail end" of the great .Avenue. 



14 ■ hunter's official guidf book. 

No other place so disappoints the visitor anxious to see as the Navy 
Yard ; nevertheless nine in every ten persons are most desirous to visit 
it. The gunshcp museum and trophies are about all to reward the vis- 
itor's curiosity that the Navy Yard presents. It stands on the banks of 
the broad tidal estuary of the Anacostia River, at the foot of Eighth 
street, S. E., and is the terminus of the cars from Georgetown along 
Pennsylvania avenue. The Anacostia line of street cars along M street, 
S. E., also passes the gate. . 

This navy yard was established (1804) as soon as the Governn:ent 
came here, and was an object of destruction by the British, who claim, 
however, that it was set on fire by the Americans. It was restored, and 
"for more than half a century many of the largest and finest ships of 
war possessed by the United States were constructed in this yard." 
Two spacious ship houses remain, but the yard is now almost entirely 
given up to the manufacture of naval guns and ammunition and the 
storage of equipments. It often happens that not a ship of any sort is 




Bureau Engraving and Printing 

at the wharves (though a receiving ship is usually moored there), and 
the sentry at the gate is almost the only sign of militar}- occupation 
al)Out the place. 

The first great building on the right, the Gun Shop, at the foot of 
the stone stairs, is the most interesting place in the yard. It is filled 
with the most powerful and approved machinery for turning, boring, 
rifling, jacketing, and otherwise finishing ready for work the immense 
rifles ref|uirtd for modern battleships, as well as the smaller rapid-fire 
guns forming the supplementary batteries of the cruisers and other 
vessels of war. The great guns are mainly cast at Bethlehem, Pa., and 
brought here rough. Observing carefully the posted regulations, the 
visitor may walk where he pleases through these magnificent factories 
and watch the extremely interesting process, and should it happen that 
any vessels of war are in the harbor, permission to go on board of them 
may usually be obtained. 



HUNTKR S OFFICIAL GUIDF BOOK. 



15 



The office of the commandant of the yard is at the foot of the 
main walk near the wharf, and there appHcation should be made for per- 
mission to go anywhere not open to the pubHc. A large number of 
guns, showing types used in the past, are lying near the office, and a 
series of very interesting cannon captured from the Tripolitan, British, 
Mexican, or Confederate enemies whom the navy has had to fight, are 
mounted before the office. Among them is the famous 42-pounder, 
Long Tom, cast in 1786 in France, captured from the frigate Noche by 
the British in 1798, and then sold to us. Later it was struck by a shot, 
condemned, and sold to Haiti, then at war with France. This over, the 
cannon had various owners until 1814, when it formed the main reliance 
in the battery of the privateer General Armstrong, which, by plucki'v 




Typographical Temple 

fighting three British war-ships off Fayal, in the Azores, so crippled 
them that the squadron was unable to reach New Orleans, whither it 
was bound, in time to help the land forces there against the victorious 
Jackson. The brig was afterward sunk to prevent her capture by the 
British, but the Portuguese authorities had so greatly admired the little 
ship's action that they saved this gun as a trophy, and sent it as a pres- 
ent to the United States. 

A museum near the gate is worth visiting, as it contains many 
pieces of old-fashioned ordnance and ammunition, and many relics of 
historical or legendary interest, of which the most popular, perhaps, is 
the stern-post of ilie original Kcarsargc, still containing a shell received 
during her fight with the Alabama. The door of the museum is shaded 



16 hunter's OI'FICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

by a willow grown from a twig cut above the grave of Napoleon at St. 
Helena. The residences of officers on duty at the yard are near the 
gate, which was built from designs by Latrobe. 

The Marine Barracks, three squares above the Navy Yard, on 
Eighth Street, S. E., occupy a square surrounded by brick buildings 
painted yellow, according to naval custom, and are the home station and 
headquarters of the Marine Corps ; but, except that here is the residence 
of the famous Marine Band, they contain nothing of interest to the 
visitor, unless he likes to watch guard-mounting every morning at 9, 
or the formal inspection on Mondays at 10 a. m. The Marine Band is 
the only military band always stationed in Washington, and available 
for all military ceremonials. These advantages have given it great ex- 
cellence ; and its music at parades, President's receptions, inaugural 
balls, etc., is highly appreciated. This band gives outdoor concerts in 
summer. 




Pennsylvania Avenue, looking west from Sevenlh Street 

The Naval Hospital, for sick and wounded officers and men of the 
Navy and Marine Corps, is at Pennsylvania Avenue and Ninth Street, 
S. E. ; and at Second and D streets, S. E., is Providence Hospital, 
founded in 1862. 

Anacostia is a name applied in an indefinite way to the region 
opposite the Navy Yard, and is reached by a new bridge, crossed by the 
street cars of the Anacostia & Potomac line. The village at the farther 
end of the bridge, now called Anacostia, was formerly L'niontown, and 
from it branch roads lead up on the Maryland heights in various direc- 
tions, where electric railroads and park villages are rapidly extending. 
Twining, at the eastern end of the Pennsylvania .\ venue bridge ; Lin- 
coln Fleights, in the extreme eastern corner of the District; Garfield and 
Good Hope, on the fine Marlboro Turnpike, which is a favorite run for 
cyclers; and Congress Heights, farther south, are the principal of these 
suburban centers. All of these high ridges were crowned and con- 
nected by fortifications, some of which remain in fairly good condition, 
especially Fort Stanton, just south of Garfiild. A wide and interesting 



IIUXTI'U'S iiI'l'KlAl. 1,1 lltl' I'.doK. 17 

view of the city aiul ihe rotomac Valley is obtained from its ramparts, 
and also of the great Federal Insane Asylum. 

Returning to the Capitol and passing the Library of Congress 
which will be noted further along, the visitor's attention is instantly 
charmed by this most imposing structure, where the people's repre- 
sentatives enact the laws of the country. 

The building- is situated on Capitol Hill, one and one third miles 
from the White House and Treasury. 

It is reached by the F street and the Pennsylvania avenue cars, 
both of which ascend the hill. One may leave the Pennsylvania avenue 
cars at the Peace Monument, near the west entrance, and thus gain the 
grandest approach; or may continue (on the Navy Yard car) to the 
top of the hill. 

The building is open daily, except Sundays and holidays, from () 
to 4:30, or until one-half hour after adjournment. During a term of 
Congress the forenoon is the best time for inspecting the legislative halls 
and the various committee rooms. Congress goes into session at 12 
o'clock noon ; visitors are allowed upon the floor of Senate and Hou^^e 
until 11:45, thereafter in the galleries only. The several galleries are 
designated over the doors: Gentlemen's, Ladies', Reserved, Diplomatic 
Corps, Press. Those marked Ladies' and Gentlemen's are open to the 
public. 

The Capitol is distinguished for its commanding situation and ma- 
jestic proportions, for its dignity, grace and beauty of design, and the 
adornments and decorations which beautify it without and within. All 
these unite to give it rank as an architectural object among the noblest 
in the world. From an elevated site on Capitol Hill, 90 feet above the 
level of the river, it overlooks the amphitheater of the Potomac, and is 
a conspicuous feature of the landscape for miles on every side. It is 
set amid grounds whose extent and arrangement add much to the archi- 
tectural effect. 

The building faces the east, for in that quarter the projector> 
assumed that the city would grow ; but the development of Washington 
has been toward the west, and it is from this direction that the C^^'itol 
is usually approached. From the main western entrance of the grounds, 
near the Peace Monument, the approach leads up the gently rising 
lawns to flights of steps, which give ascent to the upper terrace or open 
court, which extends the entire length of the west front and around the 
north and south ends. Here a beautiful view is afforded of the city and 
encircling hills. From the court the west door of the building gives 
access to flights of stairs which lead to the Rotunda. 

On the east front arc three grand porticoes with Corinthian col- 
umns, and there is a portico of similar columns on the end and west 
front of each extension, and a loggia on the west front of the main 
building. Broad flights of marble steps lead up to the porticoes from 
the esplanade on the east. 

The central building is constructed of \'irginia sandstone, painted 
white; the extensions are of Massachusetts marble. The 24 columns 
of the grand central portico are monoliths of Virginia sandstone. 30ft. 



18 hunter's official guide bouk. 

high; the lOO columns of the extension porticoes are monoliths of 
Maryland marble. The entire length of the Capitol is 751ft., 4in. ; 
width, 350ft. ; area over three and one-half acres. 

The corner stone of the main building was laid by President Wash- 
ington on Sept. 18, 1793. The wings of the central building were com- 
pleted in 1811. 

The Rotunda in the centre of the main building is the room to 
which one usually comes first, and it is a convenient point from which 
to visit the various parts of the Capitol. The north door leads to the 
Supreme Court Room, the Senate, and the stairway to the Dome ; the 
south door to the Statuary Hall and the House; the east door (Rogers 
Bronze) opens on the portico, and the west door leads to the west 
entrance. 

A convenient programme for seeing the Capitol is to study first the 
Rotunda (from the floor), then to visit in succession the Hall of Stat- 
uary, the House and its committee rooms, the Supreme Court, the Sen- 
ate and its rooms, the west portico for the view ; then to ascend to ihe 
upper part of the Rotunda and beyond to the Dome and its view. 

Note the magnificent marble corridors and stairways of the exten- 
sions; the pilasters, columns and capitals, sculpture and frescoing; the 
tessellated floors, and the vistas through the windows, giving glimpses 
of the city and the Washington Monument, the new Library, and the 
Capitol itself. 

The Rotunda it an immense circular hall 97 2-3ft. in diameter, and 
rising clear from floor to inner shell of Dome and canopy, 180ft. above. 
Light is admitted through the 36 windows of the peristyle. The walls 
are adorned with paintings, sculptures and frescoes, and the vaulted 
canopy top above the eye of the Dome glows with color. The eight oil 
paintings in the panels of the hall have for their subjects memorable 
scenes, in the history of the continent and of the United States. The 
key to each picture hangs beneath it. They are : — 

Landing of Columbus. on San Salvador. Oct. 12, 1492. (By Van- 
derlyn.) 

Discovery of the Mississippi by Do Soto, 1541. (By W. H. 
Powell.) 

Baptism of Pocahontas, Jamestown, Va., 1613. (By John 0. 
Chapman.) 

Embarkation of the Pilgrims from Delft-Haven, Iu!v 21, 1620. 
(Weir.) 

The Declaration of Independence, Philadelphia, July 4, 1776. ( By 
John Trumbull, of Connecticut.) The scene is the hail of the Conti- 
nental Congress. John Hancock. President of the Congress, is seated 
at the table, and in front of him .stand the Committee of Five — Thomas 
Jeflfcrson, John .\dams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert 
L. Ivivingston. 

The Surrender of Burgoyne. Saratoga. Oct. 17, 1777. (By Trum- 
bull.) "The painting represents Gen. B)urgoyne, attended by Gen. 
Phillips and followed by other officers, arriving near the marquee of 
Gen. Gates. Gen. Gatos has advanced a few steps from the entrance to 
meet the prisoner, who is in the act of olTcring bis sword, which Gen. 



hunter's official guidk book. 19 

Gates declines to receive ; and invites them to enter and partake of 
refreshments. A number of the officers of the American army are 
assembled near their General." — Elliot. 

Surrender of Cornwallis, Yorktown, Oct. 19, 1781. (Trumbull.) 
"The painting represents the moment when the officers of the British 
army, conducted by Gen. Lincoln, are passing the two groups of Ameri- 
can and French guards, and entering between the two lines of victors." 
—Blliot. 

SOLDIERS' HOME. 

The Soldiers' Home stands in the midst of a noble park, with a wide 
outlook from high grounds directly north of the Capitol, from which it 
is distant four miles in a straight line. It is a favorite terminus for 
driving and bicycling, beautiful roads leading thither from the head 
of Connecticut avenue or Fourteenth street, and less desirable ones re- 
turning through the northeastern quarter of the city. Two lines of 
street cars approach the Soldiers' Home, giving the tourist an alternate 
route going and coming ; and he should devote the better part of a day 
to this excursion. The direct route out is by the cars north on Seventh 
street, connecting with the Brightwood avenue line from the boundary 
to the Eagle or western gate of the Soldiers' Home grounds. A short 
distance beyond the boundary, at the right of the road, are seen the tall 
brick buildings of Howard University — a collegiate institution founded 
soon after the war, as an outgrowth of the Freedman's Bureau, for the 
education of colored youths of both sexes. Its first president was Maj.- 
Gen. O. O. Howard (who had resigned from the army temporarily to 
undertake this work), and it has maintained itself as a flourishing insti- 
tution, having some three hundred students annually. 

The Soldiers' Home is the forerunner and type of those which 
were erected in various parts of the country after the Civil War, but it 
is not in the same class. It is an institution established in 1851 by the 
eflforts of Gen. Winfield Scott, and out of certain funds received from 
Mexico, as a retreat for veterans of the Mexican War, and for men of 
the regular army who have been disabled or who, by twenty years of 
honorable service and a payment of 12 cents a month, have acquired the 
right of residence there the remainder of their lives. This gives the 
veterans a pleasing sense of self-support, in addition to which many 
are able to earn money by working about the buildings and grounds and 
in various ways. There are ordinarily about five hundred men there, 
who live under a mild form of military discipline and routine, wear the 
uniform of the army, and are governed by veteran officers. The af- 
fairs of the Home, which has now a fund of over $1,000,000 and a con- 
siderable independent income, are administered by a board composed 
of the general of the Army and his principal assistants at the War De- 
partment. 

The main building is of white marble, three stories in height, and is 
fashioned after the Norman order of archectiture. On the grounds are 
several elegant marble cottages occupied by the officials, a pretty church 
of Seneca stone, a capacious hospital building with wide piazzas, from 



20 KrxTF.R's OFFICIAL GUIDI-: BOOK. 

which charming- views of Washington and the Potomac can be had, a 
fine hbrary building, well stocked with books and periodicals, and nu- 
merous other structures. On the brow of one of the hills stands a 
bronze statue of General Scott, by Launt Thompson, erected by the 
Home in 1874, at a cost of $18,000. The entire estate is inclosed bv a 
stone wall, surmounted by a small iron fence of handsome design. 
Fifty acres are under cultivation, and fine crops of fruits and vege- 
tables are raised. 

Near the main Imilding is a large cottage often used by the Presi- 
dents of the United vStates as a summer residence. It is surrounded by 
noble trees, and has a very attractive appearance. Pierce was the first 
President to pass the summer here, and Buchanan, TJncoln, Johnson. 
Hayes, and Arthur have preferred its quiet comfort to the statelier life 
in the White House. 

In the rear of the Home, on the wooded slope beyond Harewood 
Road, lies one of the national military cemeteries, entered by an arch 
upon whose pillars are inscribed the names of great I^nion commander? 
in the Civil War. Here rest the remains of about 5,500 Federal and 
271 Confederate soldiers, less than 300 of whom are unknown. The 
grounds contain a pretty stone chapel, in which lies the body of Gen. 
John A. Logan. 

The foregoing is the stereotyped description of the Soldiers' Home, 
in Washington, and to which admission is had by wounds, disease or 
specified service in the Regular .\rmy. The V^oluntccr Soldiers' Homes, 
of which there are nine, viz: Maine, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, \\'isconsin, 
Kansas, California, Tennessee and Virginia (Hampton), are an en- 
tirely different proposition to the Regular Army Home in the Capital 
City. These Soldiers' Homes are asylums for grafters. Every of- 
ficial, from the Commandant to the lowest civil employee, sit up at 
night.s drafting schemes to starve the old soldier inmates and rake off 
their ])er centage from the stomachs or backs of the "saviors of the 
Union." Oh, it is pitiful, but it appears irremediable; .such is the inill 
and influence of these officials. 

Let us go over this matter carefully and do no injustice to inmate 
or official. There are nine National Soldiers' Homes and perhaps 
forty or more State Soldiers' Homes. Of the three million men who 
sprang to arms to defend the Republic there are in all the State and 
National Soldiers' Homes to-day less than thirty thousand ex-soldiers! 
Surely this is a record the old soldiers can be proud of. Thirty thou- 
sand derelicts out of three millions who went out in the pride of youth 
and with a patriotism that scorned bounties, pay and reward to save the 
Union of their fathers! Of these thirty thousand broken-down old 
soldiers there are not to exceed fifteen thousand in the nine National 
Soldiers' Homes. On these fifteen thousand inmates a swarm of para- 
sites thrive, live and graft. Let us illustrate : 

In Johnson City, Tennessee, is located what is designated as the 
Southern I'.ranch.' It has the full complement of officials, viz: a Com- 
mandant, an .\djutant, a Treasurer, two ch:iplains (Catholic and Pro- 
testant), a Quartermaster, a Commissary and three Physicians. In 



1 1 1' X T I'. R ■ S < ) l* I" I C 1 A I. on Dl' UOO K . 21 

each of the offices are employed numbers of civilian clerks and a few 
old soldiers to offset any criticism excited by the monthly pay roll. 

This assertion applies to all the National Homes including Marion. 
(Ind.) ; Leavenworth, (Kan.) ; Danville. (111.) ; Dayton, (Ohio) ; 
Togus. (Maine) ; Hampton, (Va.) ; Milwaukee, (Wis.) ; Johnson. 
City, (Tenn.) ; and the Pacific Coast Home. 

The most flagrant and open corruDtion exists at Johnson City, Tenn. 
Hon. W'alter P. Brownlow, M. C, is the local manager and resides at 
the Home. His quarters are in the Hospital and the suite of rooms he 
.)ccupies with his wife and niece comnrise the whole of the second floor. 
These rooms are luxuriously furnished and horses and carriages are 
always drawn up in front of the building, the drivers being old soldier 
inmates and on the pay roll as employees of the Institution. The scan- 
dal is emphasized by the fact that Mr. Brownlow is the 
Secretary of the National Board of Managers for which he 
receives one thousand dollars per annum. His salary as Con- 
gressman is $8,ooo per annum, he has an electric street 
oar line running to the Home f rom Johnson City and Carnegie, 
for concerts and entertainments to draw the citizens of Johnson City 
and Carnegie to the Institution and, of course, to patronize his street 
car line. Plis brother is the leader of the Plome band, consisting of 
about a dozen instruments. The brother knows as much about music 
as he does of astronomy, but he draws seventy-five dollars per month 
and rations. The spectacle of a brother of a Congressman marching in 
front of a dozen bandsmen, twice or thrice daily, or when there is a 
funeral, is anything but edifying to the men who went out to. save the 
L'nion when the Brownlows were in hiding in the mountains of Ten- 
nessee. "Parson" Brownlow, the uncle of the Congressman, was a 
loyal and aggressive Unionist, full of courage and grit. He made the 
Congressional district, now represented by his nephew, a bulwark 
of loyal Unionists surrounded by Southern sympathizers. On his repu- 
tation and record the nephew has been enabled to hold the district and 
the suffrages of the gallant mountaineers in and around Johnson C:ty. 
Jonesboro, etc. 

Congressman Nathan Hale, also of Tennessee, and a fine type of the 
typical Southern gentleman, in a controversy with Mr. Brownlow pub- 
lished a list of the Ih-ownlow family in office, and the total amount 
paid in salaries to the various members thereof. Mr. Hale omitted 
from his list several Brownlow office holders. It was next to impossible 
diat he cculd get them all. From a careful enumeration the Guide is 
able to state, without fear of contradiction, that Mr. Brownlow has 
every male and female relative, except his wife and niece, who are 
.iving in the Hospital of the Soldiers' Home in Johnson City, in some 
l'\deral position, the poorest job falling to the drum major (his broth- 
er) mentioned in this chapter. 

ft will be fouufl no exaggeration to state that this patriotic Tennes- 
see family draws from the National Treasury not less than twenty 
thousand dollars per annum. 

Mr. Brownlow thoroughly understands the game of politics. When- 
ever any one of his constituents become too prominent or dangerous as 



22 hunter's official guide book. 

a rival he immediately places him in some position with a salary at- 
tached. He has thus disposed of would-be rivals and held his district 
against all comers and all odds. The very Commandant of the Sol- 
diers' Home in Johnson City, Judge J. P. Smith, secured his "phat take" 
by his pretensions to represent the district in Congress. Colonel Smith 
served as a lieutenant for a short time during the Civil War. His qual- 
ifications for Commandant of the Home are exclusively comprised in 
his political pull and the fear of Mr. Brownlow that the "Judge" might 
secure the nomination for Congress in his district unless taken care of. 

The same story with variations applies to all these Homes or Asy- 
lums for the brave men who saved the Union. At their establishment 
General Benjamin F. Butler (then in Congress) said that "these Homes 
will be a heaven for the officials and a hell for the inmates." The gen- 
eral's prediction has turned out correct. 

It was scandalous enough when ex-Congressmen like the Command- 
ant of the Marion, (Ind.) Home were appointed to these positions by 
the National Board of Managers, but the selection of modern ex-Regu- 
lar Army officers for Commandants of the remnants of the patriotic 
youths who, almost half a century ago, went out to save their country 
is, indeed, the limit. 

Col. T. T. Knox, the Commandant of the Hampton, (Va.) Home, or 
Southern Branch, as it is called, was in swaddling clothes when the 
.-elicts or derelicts he now rules with unnecessary severity marched with 
Sherman to the sea, or swept the "valley" with Sheridan or participated 
in the campaign from the Wilderness to the finish at Appomatox. Hun- 
dreds of them stood upon the heights of Gettysburg unappalled by all 
the Southern valor and fury hurled against them. They fought An- 
tietam when Colonel Knox was a baby unconscious of the tremendous 
issues at stake, and yet at this very hour no ex-Union veteran can 
leave the island on which the Hampton Home is located, without a pass 
signed by this appointee of Mr. Brownlow. The regular and profes- 
sional soldier stationed at the fortress can pass in and out at pleas- 
ure without a pass or challenge, but the men who fought with Grant 
are subjected to the humiliation of exhibiting a pass at the gates, some- 
thing after the manner of the Chinaman's certificate of residence or 
"chock chce," as it is pronounced by the Celestial. 

The regular or professional soldier is, besides, well fed and warmly 
clfithed. He would not serve thirty days if compelled to eat the food, 
wear the clothing and be subjected to the discipline of the ex-\''eterans 
of the Union ! 

That these are facts can be easily and inexpensively established or 
disproven. If, then, they are facts, as the writer asserts and who ought 
to know, having experienced them, what is Congress, the law-making 
power going to do abt)ut it? 

Uayton, Ohio, has the largest, finest and best conducted National 
Soldiers' Home. Its Commandant, Colonel Clarke, is a humane and 
juflicious officer. Colonel Byron, the custodian of the Post funds and 
Commissary of Subsistence, is deservedly popular among the inmates. 
Colonel f?yron is no grafter and the men of the Homo get all that's 



HUNTERS OFFICIAL GUIDK HOOK. 2'-i 

coming to them. The editor heartily wishes he could pay the same 
tribute to the commissaries and quartermasters of the other Hemes. 

The State Soldiers' Homes are, as a rule, better conducted and the 
men better fed and clothed, while the discipline is not of the semi-penal 
order under a West Point military satrap, as it is at Hampton. Bath, 
Steuben County, New York, has one of the largest of the State Homes, 
sometimes accommodating three thousand inmates. The average, how- 
ever, is not over twenty-five hundred members. The Home is located 
about two miles from the city and is in the hollow of an amphitheater 
surrounded by mountainous hills. With the catholic spirit of the Em- 
pire State ex-soldiers of the Union, who served in any State troops, are 
admitted on precisely the same conditions as the New York veterans. 
The Quartermaster and Commissary of the Bath Home is the son of 
a veteran soldier, and hence the members are fed and clothed up to the 
last cent of the annual appropriation. And the annual appropriations 
bv the different legislatures are amply sufficient to feed the members as 
they are not fed in any National and but few State Homes in the coun- 
trv." Erie, Pa., has a splendid State Home, but only her own ex-soldiers 
are admitted. Vermont likewise has a fine exclusive Home. Also New 
Jersey, while Massachusetts has a semi-combination corporation Home, 
run by some G. A. R. officials and partly supported by the State. It 
is on top of Powder Horn hill, overlooking the ancient city of Chelsea, 
and is semi-penal in its discipline and management. Its full capacity, 
however, is about five hundred inmates. The ex-soldiers of any State 
are admitted here as in Bath, but owing to the grafting management 
but few soldiers apply outside her own troops. The editor of the 
Guide Book served in the 59th Mass. V. V. I. from the Wilderness to 
Appomatox, but the Home on Powder Horn hill would be the last 
place he would seek from adverse storms or "shoulder his crutch and 
show how fields were won." 

All of the Western and Middle States have fair copies of the Bath 
Home. Sandusky, Ohio, has an excellent one. on the cottage rather 
than the barracks plan, which is most commendable and is mainly due 
to ex-National Commander Brown, the editor of the Zanesville Signal, 
and one of the honest tvpes of the gallant ex-volunteer soldiers of the 
Civil War. 

The editor is fully aware that the limits of a Guide Book has been 
exceeded in this "write up" on Soldiers' Homes, but he also has the 
knowledge and experience that few, if any, of the professed or real 
friends of the ex-soldiers of the Union, compelled by adverse fortune to 
live and die in these institutions, take interest enough in these unfor- 
tunate derelicts to save them from the shoulder strapped harpies or pol- 
iticians of the Brownlow type, living oft" and preying upon the gallant 
men who "touching elbows" stormed the entrenchments of an equally 
gallant foe or with (then) youthful voices sang "John Brown's Body" 
to the swinging step of the forced march and bivouaced in sunshine and 
storm on the bare ground awaiting the coming battle with the heroism 
of Americans. 

They were no professional soldiers taking up arms for a living, but 



24 llfXTHR's OFFICIAL GUinK I'.OOK. 

citizen soldiery, bone of our bone and flesh of our flesh, who "kept the 
oath they swore" to save the Union or perish in its defense. 

Save them now from the grafters who are robbing their stomachs 
and backs ! 

TO THE "ZOO," ROCK CREEK NATIONAL PARK, 
AND CHEVY CHASE. 

This is an excursion into the northern and most beautiful corner of 
the District, reached by taking the cars out Fourteenth street to the 
boundary, and then (by transfer) the Chevy Chase line. The latter 
extends from Sixth Street (connecting with the Seventh Street line) 
along U Street West, through Hancock Circle (where New Hampshire 
Avenue crosses Sixteenth Street), and thence turns up the hill at Eigh- 
teenth Street, and goes across Rock Creek, and out into tlie country, 
along Connecticut Avenue Extended, passing on its way half way 
around the Zoological Park. 

A zoological garden is among the most recent additions to the sights 
of the capital. It is open all day, including Sunday, and no admittance 
fee is charged. 

Previous to its organization and the purchase of this site of about 167 
acres, in 1890, the National Museum had accumulated by gift many live 
animals, but had no means of caring for them ; these at once became the 
nucleus of the new collection, which was placed under the general 
charge of the Smithsonian Institution, with Frank Baker, M. D., as 
superintendent. Two definite objects have been in view here. The 
original idea was not a park for public exhibition purposes — a popular 
"Zoo" — but a reservation in which there might be bred and maintained 
representatives of many American animals threatened with extinction. 
Congress, however, enlarged and modified this notion by adding the 
exhibition features, making the place a pleasure-ground as well as an 
experiment station, and consequently imposing upon the District of 
Columbia one-half the cost of its purchase and maintenance. Never- 
theless, the managers do all they can to carry out the original, more 
scientific intention. 

A walk of five minutes from the cars at the gate brings the visitor to 
the principal Animal House, which is a commodious stone building, well 
lighted and well ventilated, and having on its southern side an annex 
of very fine outdoor cages, where the great carnivora and other beasts 
dwell in warm weather. The collection is not very large, as the funds 
do not at present allow of the purchase of animals, which must be ob- 
tained by gift or exchange. Captures in the Yellowstone National 
Park arc permitted for the benefit of this garden, and have supplied 
manv specimens. 

The hardier animals (except a few antelopes and kangaroos, which 
have a stable) are quartered out of doors all the year round in wire en- 
closures scattered about the grounds. These are all healthy and happy 
to a gratifying degree, and as a result they produce young freely. The 
herds of bison, elk, and deer were recruited mainly from the Yellowstone 



IIUXTr-R S OFFICIAI. CriDK BOOK. _.) 

Park. The former occupy adjacciu patldocks upon the risiiii^' ground 
north of the animal house, and the latter enjoys entensive pastures and a 
picturesque thatched stable somewhat to the east, on a hillside sloping- 
down to Rock Creek. In another quarter are to be seen the cages of 
the wolves, foxes and dogs. The beavers, however, probably constitute 
the most singular and interesting of all the features of the garden at 
present. They consist of a colony in the wooded ravine of a little 
branch of Rock Creek, where they cut down trees, burrow in the banks 
of the stream, and construct dams and houses, precisely as in a state 
of nature. The Bear Dens are the best of their kind in the country, 
being rude caves blasted out of the cliff left by an abandoned quarry, 
which form a natural retreat for their big tenants. 

Chevy Chase is a charming suburb, just beyond the District line, at 
the extremity of Connecticut avenue extended, which is cut straight 
across the broken and picturesque region west of Rock Creek. The 
forested gorge of this romantic stream east of the avenue, and embrac- 
ing most of the region between it and the proposed extension of Six- 
teenth street, or "Executive avenue," has been acquired and reserved 
by the Government as a public park ; but as yet no improvements have 
been attempted, and it remains a wild rambling-ground full of grand 
possibilities for the landscape artist. 

Chevy Chase consists of a group of handsome country villas, among 
which an old mansion has been converted into a "country club," with 
tennis courts, golf links, etc., attached, and here the young people of the 
fashionable set meet for outdoor amusements, in which fox-hunting 
with hounds, after the British fashion, is prominent. A large hotel 
was started here, but the building is now occupied as a school. An ad- 
ditional fare is charged for travel beyond the circle at the District line, 
and there is little to attract the traveler farther northward. Instead 
of turning back, however, it is a 'good plan to walk southwestward 
eight or ten minutes, passing old Fort Reno, and striking the Tenally- 
town road at the Glen Echo Junction, where he can return direct to 
Georgetown, or can go on to Glen Echo, and then up to Cabin John 
Bridge or Great Falls, or out to Rockville, or back to Georgetown by 
the electric line along the bank of the Potomac. 

GEORGETOWN AXl) ITS MCINITY. 

Georgetown, now West Washington, was a flourishing village and 
seaport (the river channel having been deeper previous to the con- 
struction of bridges) before there was a thought of placing the capital 
here ; and in its hospitable houses the early officials found pleasantcr 
homes than the embryo Federal city then aft'orded. Its narrow, well- 
shaded, hilly streets are yet quaint with reminders of those days, and it 
has residents who still consider their circle of families the only persons 
"true blue." Georgetown is still a ])ort of entry, but its business does 
little more than pay the expenses of the office. 

Before the era of railroads Georgetown had distinct importance, due 
to the fact that it was the tidewater terminus of the Chesapeake & Ohio 
Canal, which was finished up the river as far as the Great Falls in 1784, 



26 hunter's official guide book. 

and in 1828 was carried through to Cumberland, Maryland, at a cost of 
$13,000,000. It never reaUzed the vast expectations of its promoters, 
but was of great service to Georgetown, and is still used for the trans- 
port of coal, grain, and other slow freights. 

Pennsylvania avenue forms the highway toward Georgetown, but 
stops at Rock Creek. The cars turn off to K street, cross the deep 
ravine over a bridge borne upon the arched water-mains, and then run 
east to the end of the street at the Aqueduct Bridge. Here a three- 
story union railway station has been built; into its lowest level comes 
the cars of the Pennsylvania avenue line, and the top story forms the 
terminus of the electric railway to the Great Falls. Stairways and 
elevators connect the three floors, and reach to Prospect avenue above. 

Georgetown does not contain much to attract the hasty sight-seer, 
though much for the meditative historian. A large sign, painted upon 
a brick house near the Aqueduct Bridge, informs him that that is the 
Key mansion — the home for several years of Francis Scott Key, the 




Georgetown College 

author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," who resided here after the war 
of 1812, became district attorney, and died in 1843. Similar personal 
memoranda belong to several other old houses here. On Analostan, 
for example — the low, forested island below the farther end of Aque- 
duct Bridge — lived the aristocratic Masons during the early years of 
the Republic, cultivating a model farm and entertaining royally. One 
of the latest of them was John M. Mason, author of the Fugitive Slave 
Law, and an associate of Mr. Slidell in the Confederate mission to 
England, which was interrupted by Wilkes in the Trent affair. The 
most prominent institution in this locality, however, is Georgetown Col- 
lege. This is the School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown Univer- 
sity, which is under the direction of the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. 
This school, consisting of three departments — postgraduate, collegiate, 
and ])rcparatory — is the oldest Catholic institution of higher learning 
in the United States, having been founded in 1780. The college was 
chartered as a uiiivcrsitv bv act of Congress in 1815. and in 1833 was 



huntkr's official guide book. 27 

empowered by the Holy See to grant degrees in philosophy and the- 
ology. The present main building, begun in 1878, is an excellent speci- 
men of Rhenish-Romanesque architecture, and its grounds cover seven- 
ty-eight acres, including the beautiful woodland "walks" and a magnifi- 
cent campus. The Riggs Library, of over 70,000 volumes, contains rare 
and curious works. The Coleman Museum has many fine exhibits, 
among them interesting Colonial relics and valuable collections of coins 
and medals. Not far from the College, on a prominent hill, is the 
Astronomical Observatory, where many original investigations are 
made as well as class instructions given. Thirty-nine members of the 
faculty and 300 students comprise the present census of this school. 

The School of Law, situated in the vicinity of the District courts, is 
one of the best in America, numbering on its stafif several leading jur- 
ists ; the faculty now numbers fifteen, the students over 300. The 
School of Medicine is fully equipped for thorough medical training 
under distinguished specialists ; the faculty numbers forty-nine, the stu- 
dents 125. The total number of students in the university is about 750. 

Oak Hill Cemetery, on the southern bank of Rock Creek near P 
street, is a beautiful burying ground rising in terraces and containing 
the graves of many distinguished men and women. It is reached by the 
line of the Metropolitan street cars, more commonly called the F street 
line ; leaving the cars at Thirtieth street, a walk of two squares north 
will bring the visitor to the entrance. 

Near the gateway is the chapel built in the style of architecture of 
Henry VHL This is matted by ivy brought from "Melrose Abbey." 
In front of the chapel is the monument of John Howard Payne, the 
author of "Home, Sweet Home," who had been buried in 1852 in the 
cemetery near Tunis, Africa, and there remained until, at the expense 
of Mr. Corcoran, his bones were brought to this spot, and in '83 were re- 
interred with appropriate ceremonies. The statue of William Pinkney 
is near here also (he was the Protestant Episcopal Bishop of Maryland, 
and nephew of William Pinkney, the great Maryland lawyer). It 
represents that prelate in full canonical robes, and was dedicated to 
his memory by ]\Ir. Corcoran, who was the friend of his youth, the 
comfort of his declining years. The mausoleum of Mr. Corcoran for 
his family is a beautiful specimen of mortuary architecture; this is in 
the northwestern section of the cemetery, while in the southeastern is 
the mausoleum of the Van Ness family, whose leader married the 
heiress, Marcia, daughter of David Burns, one of the original proprie- 
tors of the site of Washington City. This tomb is a model of the Tem- 
ple of the Vesta at Rome. The cemetery comprises twenty-five acres, 
incorporated in 1849, one-half of which, and an endowment of $90,000, 
were the donation of I\lr. William W. Corcoran. Here were buried 
Chief Justice Chase, Secretary of War Stanton, the great Professor 
Joseph Henry, and many others illustrious in American annals. Ex- 
tremely pleasant rambles may be taken to the north and east of this 
cemetery, and it is not far across the hills to the Naval Observatory. 
This is the astronomical station of the Government under control of 
the navy and presided over by an officer of high rank, whose first ob- 
ject is the gathering and crllcclion of information of_ use to mariners. 



28 hunter's official ouidk hook. 

such as precision of knowledge of latitude and longitude, variations of 
the compass, accuracy of chronometers and other instruments used in 
the navigation of ships of war. an'd similar information more or less 
allied to astronomy. Purely scientific astronomical work is also carried 
on, and the equipment of telescopes and other instruments is complete, 
enabling the staff of learned men— naval and civilian — attached to the 
institution to accomplish notable results in the advancement of that de- 
partment of knowledge. The special inquirer will be welcomed by the 
officers at all suitable hours, and on Thursday nights cards of invita- 
tion admit visitors generally to look through the great telescope. 

This observatory dates from 1892, when it was moved from the 
wooded elevation, called Braddock's Hill, at the Potomac end of New 
York avenue, which it had occupied for nearly a century. That ground 
was a reservation originally set apart at the instance of Washington, 
who wished to see planted there the foundations of the National Uni- 
versity — the dream of his last years. It is called University Square to 
this day. 

GEORGETOWN TO TENNALLYTOWN AND GLEN ECHO. 

From Georgetown an electric road runs north out High street and 
the Tennallytown road to the District line, where it branches into two 
lines. Leaving the city quickly it makes its way through a pretty sub- 
urban district, out into a region of irregular hills and dales, where, 
about one mile from the starting point, the new LTnited States Naval 
Observatory is seen about a quarter of a mile to the right. Jwst be- 
yond its entrance is an industrial school. The general district at the 
left is Wesley Heights, ninety acres of which, and the name, are the 
property of a Methodist association, which proposes to establish there 
a highly equipped university, to be called the American, modeled upon 
the plan of German universities, and open to both sexes. The site 
of the buildings will be west of Massachusetts avenue, where it inter- 
sects Forty-fourth street, forming University Circle. Tunlaw Heights 
is another local "subdivision" here ; and somewhat farther on is Oak 
View, where there is a lofty observatory, open to anyone who cares to 
climb it and obtain the wider outlook, embracing a large part of the 
city. A few years ago there was a great "boom" in suburban villa 
sites near here, and many noted persons built the fine houses which are 
scattered over the ridges in all directions. Among them was President 
Cleveland, whose house. "Red Top" (from the color of the roof), is 
passed by the cars just beyond Oak \^iew. It was afterward sold by the 
President to great advantage, and during his second term he occupicil 
another summer home not far to the eastward of this site. The cross- 
road here runs straight to the Zoological Park, a trilk over a mile 
eastward. Woodley Inn is a summer hotel on the left of the road, 
which keeps northward along a ridge with wide views, for a mile and a 
quarter farther to Tennallytown, lately become a suburb of considerable 
population, largely increased by families from the city in summer. .\ 
road to the left (west) from here gives a very i)icturcsquc walk of a 
mile and a halt' over to tlu- Uccciving Keservoir. and a mile farther wil! 



IIUNTKR S Ol'FIClAI, f.rilH'. HOOK. 



29 



take you to Little Falls, or the Chain Bridge. Up at the right, at the 
highest point of land in the District (400 feet), the new reservoir is seen, 
occupying the site of Fort Reno, one of the most important of the circle 
of forts about the capital during the Civil War. A wooded knoll, somo 
distance to the left, shows the crumbling earthworks of a lesser redoubt 
near the river road, which branches off northwest from the village. 
Three-quarters of a mile beyond Tennallytown the limit of the District 
of Columbia is reached, and the Junction of the line to Glen Echo. Th-: 
main line runs north to Rockville, Maryland. 

The Glen Echo line runs a car every half-hour (fare 5 cents) along a 
winding road through the woods to the Conduit Road and ])ank of the 
rotomac, at the Glen Echo grounds. 

GEORGETOWN TO GLEN ECHO, CABIN JOHN. AND GRE.\T 

, FALLS. 

The Georgetown and Great Falls Railroad Company operates an 
electric line to the Great Falls of the Potomac, which aff'ords one of 
the most delightful excursions out of Washington. Its large cars leave 




Great Falls o( the Potomac 

the Union Station, in Georgetown, and take a high course overlooking 
the river valley, which becomes much narrower and more gorge-like 
above the city, with the Virginia banks very steep, rocky, and broken 
by quarries. The rails are laid through the woods, and gradually de- 
licend to the bank of the canal which skirts the foot of the bluff. .About 
three miles above Georgetown is the Chain Bridge, so called because the 
earliest bridge here, where the river for some two miles is confined 
within a narrow, swift, and deep channel on the X'irginia side, was 
made of suspended chains. The lofty bank is broken here by the ravine 
of Pimmit Run. making a convenient place for .several roads to meet 
and cross the river. The bluffs above il were crowned with strong forts 



30 hunter's official guide book. 

for this was one of the principal approaches to Washington. A mile 
and a half above the Chain Bridge, having run through the picturesque 
woods behind High, or Sycamore, Island, owned by a sportsmen's 
club, you emerge to find the river a third of a mile wide again, and 
dashing over black rocks and ledges in the series of rapids called the 
Little Falls of the Potomac. The wild beauty of the locality makes it 
a favorite one for picnicking parties, and bass fishing is always excel- 
lent. The Maryland bank becomes higher and more rugged above I.it'Je 
Falls, and takes the name of Glen Echo Heights. 

Glen Echo is a place where it was proposed to combine educational 
privileges with recreation, and form a suburban residence colony and 
day resort of high character. Extensive buildings of stone and wood, 
including a very spacious amphitheater, were erected in the grove upon 
the steep bank and commanded a most attractive river view ; in them 
courses of valuable lectures, Sunday services, and concerts of a high 
order were given, and many means of rational enjoyment were pro- 
vided, but the project failed. 

The river has pretty banks to Cabin John Run, where the fine arch 
of the celebrated bridge gleams through the trees. The remainder of 
the Run (five miles) is through a wild, wooded region at the edge of 
the canal and river, which is again narrow, deep and broken by islands 
flooded at high water, with high, ravine-cut banks. This is a favorite 
place with Washingtonians for fishing with rod and fly, from the banks ; 
Daniel Webster often came here for this purpose. 

The Great Falls of the Potomac are a series of bold cascades forming 
a drop of eighty feet within a few hundred yards of distance, very 
pretty but hardly deserving the panegyrics bestowed by some early 
writers. The place will always be exceedingly attractive, however, es- 
pecially to artists and anglers. The appearance of the falls has been 
considerably modified, and probably enhanced, by the structures of the 
city water-works, for this is the source of Washington's public water 
supply. The water is conveyed to the city through a brick conduit, 
which runs along the top of the Maryland bank, and is overlaid by the 
macadamized driveway called the Conduit Road. This work of engi- 
neering meets its first serious difficulty at Cabin John Run, where a 
stone arch leaps across the ravine in a single span — unequalled else- 
where — of 220 feet. 

TO BLADENSBURG AND KENDALL GREEN. 

Bladensburg is a quiet Maryland village, some seven miles northeast, 
on the r)altimore & C^hio Railroad. It is a port on the Anacostia, to 
which large boats formerly ascended with goods and went back laden 
with farm produce. Through it ran the stage road from the north ; 
and here, .\ugust 24, 1814, the feeble .\merican army met the British, 
under Ross and Cockburn, who had marched over from their landing- 
place on the Patuxent River, intent upon the capture of the Yankee 
capital. The .\mcricans, partly by blundering and partly by panic (ex- 
cept some sailors under Commodore Barney, ran away after the first 
attack, and left the way open for the redcoats to take and burn the town 



IILN I I.K > Ol I' ICIAK l.LIDK l!tM)K. 31 

as they pleased ; but the\- inflicted a remarkably heavy loss upon the 
invaders. 

"It is a favorite drive with Washingtonians to-day," remarks Mr. 
Todd, in his Story of Washington, "over the smooth Bladensburg pike 
to the quaint old village. Dipping into the ravine where Barney made 
his stand, you have on the right the famous dueling ground, enriched 
with some of the noblest blood of the Union. A mile farther on, you 
come out upon the banks of the Eastern Branch, here an inconsiderable 
mill stream, easily forded, though spanned by a bridge some thirty 
yards in length. On the opposite shore gleam through the trees the 
houses of Bladensburg, very little changed since the battle-day. Some 
seventy yards before reaching the bridge, the Washington pike is 
joined by the old Georgetown post-road, which comes down from the 




View North From Top of Washington Monument 

north to meet it at an angle of forty-five degrees. The gradually rising 
triangular field between these two roads, its heights now crowned by a 
clubhouse of modern design, was the battle ground." 

A string of pleasant suburban villages nearly join one another along 
the railway and turnpike — Highland, Wile^ Heights. Rives. Wood- 
ridge, Langdon, Avalon Heights, and Winthrop Heights or Montello. 
The last is well inside the district and brings us back to Mount Olivet 
Cemetery burial ground, lying I)etwcen the turnpike and the railway 
near the city boundary, which h;'.s the sad distinction of containing the 
bodies of ]\Irs. Surratt, one of the alleged conspirators in the assassina- 
tion of Lincoln, and of Wirz, the cruel keeper of Andersonville prison. 
Electric roads now reach all these suburbs. 

The National Fair Grounds, opposite INIount Olivet and west of the 
railroad, contain the Ivy City race track. The suburban "addition," 
Montello. is north of the fairgrounds, and south of them is Ivy City, 



'.V2 



IIUXTER S OFFICIAL C.UIDF 150UK. 



with Trinidad east of the railroad. The southern part (jf Ivy City is oc- 
cupied by the extensive grounds of the Cohnnbia Institution for the 
Deaf and Dumb, popularly known as Kendall Green. 

This institution, which is reached by cars on H street to Seventh 
street, N. E., was incorporated in 1857, and is for the free education of 
deaf-mute children of sailors and soldiers of the United States, as also 
of the children of the District so afflicted. It was indebted in its early 
years to the benefactions of the Hon. Amos Kendall, who gave land, 
money, and buildings toward its establishment. All students have op- 
portunity to learn to speak, the system of instruction including both 
manual and oral methods. Poor students are received on verv liberal 




George Washington University, Main Building and Law School 



terms. \'isitors are admitted on Thursdays between the hours of 9 
and 3. 

TO BENNIXG AND CHESAPEAKE BEACH. 

ilenning and Deancwood are suburban villages east of the .Vnacostia 
i<iver, and reached by the Columbia line of electric cars, out G street 
and Ijenning Road, N. F.. At Denning is the principal race track of the 
District, where spring and fall races are run that attract everybody in- 
terested in such things. Denning is also a connecting point of the 
Chesapeake Deach Railway, a line of steam railroad some thirty miles in 
length, which connects the capital with a shore resort upon Chesapeake 
Bay called Chesapeake Beach. These trains run into the city. At the 
beach arc liotels, amusement places, bathing facilities, and much that is 
.laturallv as well as artiticiallv attracti\c. 



HUXTKr's OI'FICIAI. r.UIDI-: BOOK. 33 

DIRECTORY 

FOR 

VISITORS TO THK NATIONAL CAPITAL. 



Department of Agriculture. — Mall, bet. I2tli and 14th streets; 9 a. m. to 4 
p. Ill, .Museum: palm house; experimental greenhouses and orna- 
mental gardens. Reached by Belt Line cars; or b\- walking from 
Pennsylvania avenue and Thirteenth street. 

Alexandria. — Six miles south of the Treasury. Marshall House; Christ 
Church; Alexandria Lodge Room; Braddock Headquarters and Camp- 
ing Grounds, and other historic scenes and monuments. Reached by 
hourly trains on the Washington, Alexandria and Mt. Vernon (Elec- 
tric) Raihva\'; by the steamer "Ciiarles Macalcster," or a ferry-boat, 
from the Seventh street wharf; or by steam trains of the Southern 
Railway. 

Bureau of American Republics. — 2 Jackson place; Q a. m. to 2 p. m. Offices. 

Aqueduct Bridge. — Crosses the Potomac at Georgetown. 

Arlingtcn National Cemetery. — Heights, west of Potomac; sunrise to sunset. 
including Sundays and holidays. Lee Mansion; graves of over 16.- 
000 soldiers and sailors; elaborate monuments; trophies of Cuban war. 
Re.'iched by way of Georgetown, Aqueduct Bridge and electric cars to 
~^ort Meyer and the Northern Gate; or by electric cars from Pennsyl- 
Tnia avenue and Twelfth street, via. Highway Bridge. Pub- 
lic carriages make frequent trips through the cemetery, fare 25 cents. 

Army Medical Museum. — S. E. corner Smithsonian Grounds, Seventh and 
r> streets, S. VV.; 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. Pathological and surgical museum 
and library. Reached by Seventh street cars. 

Arsenal, Washington Barracks. — Foot of Four-and-a-half street, S. \\. ; all 
(la>'. Artilkr\- drills; river A'icw. 

Botanical Garden. — Pennsylvania avenue, First to Third streets; 8 a. m. to 
3 p. m. Greenhouses; Bartholdi fountain. Reached by all Pennsyl- 
\ania avenue cars. 

Cabin John Bridge. — Five and a half miles up the Potomac. Picturesque 
out (liior re>ort. Reached by Metropolitan electric cars from Pros- 
pect avenue and Thirty-sixth street, Georgetown. 

Capitcl. — Capitol Hill; 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m., or until Congress adjourns. 
Rotunda; Senate; House of Representatives; Supreme Court; paint- 
ings, stattiary and bronzes. Reached on the south and west sides by 
the Pennsylvania avenue cars, and on the north and cast sides by the 
Metropolitan (F street) lines. A flag flics over each house while it is 
in session, and sessions at night are indicated by lights upon the 
dome. 

Catholic University. — Brookland; all day. Buildings and lil)rar_\- Reached 
l)v HroDkland line of electric cars. 



34 hunter's official guide book. 

Census Building. — B street, First to Second; no admission. Offices. 

Center Market. — Pennsylvania avenue and Seventh street; all day. Flower 
stalls; country wagons, etc. 

Christ Church. — G street, between Sixth and Seventh, S. E.; Sundays. Old- 
est church in the city; Congressional cemetery. Reached by Pennsyl- 
vania avenue cars to Navy Yard. 

City Hall. — Judiciary square; 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 

Civil Service Commission. — Eighth and E streets; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Offices. 

Coast and Geodetic Survey. — New Jersey avenue and B streets, S. W. ; 9 a. 
m. to 2 p. m. Offices. 

Congressional Burying Ground. — G street between Sixth anrd Seventh, S. 
E.; all day. Monuments and cenotaphs. Adjacent to Christ Church; 
reached by Navy Yard cars. 

Congressional Library. — (See Library of Congress elsewhere in Guide.) 

Corcoran Gallery of Art. — New York avenue and Seventeenth street. 
Paintings; statuary; bronzes and a great variety of objects of 
art. The Gallery is open every day (the Fourth of July and Christ- 
mas day excepted) from 9.30 a. m. to 4 p. m. from October i to May i, 
and from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. May i to October i. On other public holi- 
days from 10 a. m. to 2 p. m., and on Sundays, except in midsummer, 
from 1.30 to 5 p. m., when the admission is free. Mondays (open 12 
to 4 p. m.), Wednesdays and Fridays, admission 25 cents; other days 
free. Catalogue for sale. Reached by Pennsylvania avenue cars to 
Seventeenth street. 

Court of Claims. — Pennsylvania avenue and Seventeenth street; 9 a. m. to 
2 p. m. Offices. 

Dead Letter Office. — Second floor, General Post Office. Museum of postal 
curiosities and philately. 

Educaticn Commissioner. — Eighth and G streets; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Peda- 
gogical library. 

Bureau of Engraving and Printing. — Mall, Fourteenth and B streets, S. W.; 
9 to 11.45 ''■ "I- ''"<' 12.30 to 2.30 p. m. Machinery and processes used 
in printing banknotes, bonds, and postage stamps. Reached by Belt 
Line cars. Visitors allowed only in parties conducted by an attendant. 

Bureau of Ethnology. — 1333 F street; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Offices and library. 

Fish Commission. — .Armory Building, Sixth and G streets, S. W. ; 9 a. m. to 5 
p. m. Acjiiaria and fish-cultural apparatus. 

Ford's Theater. — Tenth street between 1'. and F; not open. Building in 
which Lincoln was assassinated. 

Fort Meyer. — .Arlington Iiills, west of the Potomac; ail day. Cavalry drills. 
Reached by electric cars and stages from west end of Aqueduct bridge. 

Geological Survey.— 1330 F street; 9 a. m to 2 p. m. Offices and lilirary. 

Georgetown College. — Georgetown; all day. Library and laboratories. 

George Washington University. — IT and Fifteentli streets. 

Government Printing Office.— Nortii Capitol and G streets; visitors in par- 
tics con(hicU(l tlirougli tlie building at 10 a. ni. and 2 p. ni. Ma- 



llUiNTHR's Ol'l'lCIAL GUIDE BOOK. 35 

cliinery and metliods of priming and book making. Reached by G 
street cars from Fifteenth and G streets. 

Rock Creek Church. — Rock Creek Road, northeast of Soldiers' Home; all 
day. I'ino monuments in cemetery. Reached by Seventh street and 
Brightwood lines of cars. 

Smithsonian Institution. — Mall, opposite Tenth street; 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m. 
Museum of birds, marine animals, and American archaeology. 
Reached by Seventh and Ninth street lines of cars. 

St. John's Episcopal Church. — H and Sixteenth streets; Sundays. 

Soldiers' Home. — Near Seventh street extended; all day, including holidays. 
Fine grounds, with wide view; monuments and relics. Reached by 
Seventh street and Brightwood cars. 

Department cf State. — State, War and Navy Building; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. 
Librarj' and historical relics. 

The U. S. Treasury. — Pennsylvania avenue and Fifteenth street; 9 a. m. to 2 
p. m. Making, distribution, and care of government treasure. Visi- 
tors are shown through the building from 10 to 12 a. m., in parties of 
twelve by attendants who explain everything shown; all visitors as- 
semble at the door of the Treasurer's office, in the northeast corner 
of the main floor and register their names. 

Department of War. — State, War and Navy Building; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Cap- 
tured cannon and other trophies. 

Washington Monument. — Mall, west of Fourteenth street; 9.30 a. m. to 4.30 
p. ni. View from summit. Reached by Belt Line cars from the Cap- 
itol, or by transfer (2 cents extra), from Pennsylvania avenue cars. 
The elevator runs (free) to the top of the monument every half hour 
from. 9.30 a. m. to 4.30 p. m. ; but no one will be taken up in the last 
trip (4.30), if thirty persons (the capacity of the elevator) are already 
there. 

Weather Bureau. — Twenty-fourth and M streets; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Offices. 

White House. — Executive Grounds; East room open daily, 10 a. m. to 2 p. 
m. Home of the Presidents. No general public receptions are held 
by the President, except on New Year's day, but visitors ha\iny busi- 
ness with the President will be admitted from 12 to i o'clock daily, 
excepting on Cabinet days, so far as public business will permit. 

Young Men's Christian Association. — 1732 G street. 

National Zoological Park. — Adams' Mill Road, N. W. ; all day. Living ani- 
mals. Reached I)y Seventh or Fourteenth street cars and transfer to 
U street line, thence to Chevy Chase cars, or by Chevy Chase cars 
direct from the Treasury. 

Howard University. — University hill between Four-and-a-half and Sixth 
streets; all day. Educational tncthods. Reached by Ninth street 
cars transferring to Brightwood line. 

Bureau of Indian Affairs. — Sbvmtli, I'", and F streets; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. 
Offices. 

Department of the Interior. — "Patent Office," Seventh and F streets; 9 a. m. 
to 2 p. m. Patent Office, museum and library. 

Department of Justice — K street, opposite McPhcrst)n square; 9 a. m. to 2 
p. m. Offices. 



H6 lirXTF.RS OFFICIAL CUIDK liOOK. 

Department of Commerce and Labor. — I'ourlcc-mli street bctwccMi Pennsyl- 
vania avenue and F street; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Offices. 

Library of Congress. — ICast of tlie Capitol; 9 a. m. to 10 p. m. Architecture 
and ornamentation; mural paintings; sculptors; mosaics; curiosities 
of early printing and illustration: reading-rooms. Reached by Penn- 
sylvania avenue and F street lines of cars. The building is brilliantly 
illuminated in the evening, which is a favorable time in which to 
see the interior decorations. 

Free Public Library. — Mt. Vernon place, Eighth and K streets; 9 a. m. to 9 
p. ni. Books for general circulation. , 

Lincoln Museum. — 516 Tenth street; all day. Relics related to Lincoln. 

Marine Barracks. — Eightli street between G and L S. K.: all day. Drilling 
of ^larine Corps. 

Mount Vernon. — Si.xtecn miles down the Potomac: ii a. m. to 4 p. m. Home 
and tomb of Washington. Reached b}^ hourly trains of the Washing- 
ton, Alexandria and Mt. Vernon Electric Railway from Pennsylvania 
avenue and Twelfth street, X. W., and morning and afternoon bj' 
steamer "Cliarles Macalester" from Seventh street wharf. 

National Museum. — Alall, opposite Tenth street: 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m. Zoo- 
logical, ethnological and industrial collections. 

Department of Navy. — State, War and Xavy Building; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. 
Models of war ships; trophies. 

Navy Yard. — Foot of Eighth street, S. E.; all day. Manufacture of naval 
cannon; trophies; museum of relics. 

Oak Hill Cemetery. — Rock Creek, near P street; all day. }kIonumcnts of no- 
table men. Reached by Metropolitan (F street) cars to Georgetown. 

Naval Obs^rvatcry. — North of Georgetown; 7 to 9 Thursday evenings only. 
Cards of admission required. Astronomical apparatus and observa- 
tions through the telescope. Reached by F street and Rockville elec- 
tric lines from Georgetown. 

Patent Office. — Seventii and F streets; 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Museum of models. 
Reached by 1" street and G street lines of cars. 

Pensicn Office. — Judiciary square; 9 a. m. to _> ]>. m. Central hall and 

ciiiunins. 

General and City Post Office. — Pennsylvania avenue. Eleventh and Twelfth 
streets: ( )ftices ojicn 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. See '"Dead Letter Office." 
Money-order division open from 9 a, m. to 5 p. m. Registry division 
open from 8.30 a. m. to 6 ]). m. for delivery of registered matter. For 
receipt of matter for registration the division is always open. Gen 
eral-delivery window never closed. Stamps can be purciiased at any 
time, day or night. Money-order and registered-letter business trans- 
acted at all of the branch post-offices in the city. Reached by Pcn-i 
sylvania avenue, Xinth street and h'leventh street lines of cars. 

The New Municipal Building. — I'ronting on Pennsylvania avenue, between 
'riiirleen-and-a-half and P'ourteenlh street .MI the District offices 
are How located in this iiuilding and the old i)uildinK in Judiciary 
square is being used exclusively by the Courts, .\ handsome building 
for the .Courts is now under construction in this S(|uare. A tine shaft, 
surmounted by a heroic life-size status of I. inc.. In. graces the front 
of the old District Building. 



IIUNTKR S OFFICIAL ('.UIDK BOOK. 



37 



PERSONAL. 

Tlie Raiul McNally and Standard Guides of Washington contain a 
mass of useful information, but it it so juml)lcd u]), so to speak, that it 
IS ahnost im])ossible to quote or use the statistical and stereotyped mat- 
ter without the tautology and the descriptive phraseology accompanying 
the simplest information. .\s all Guide Uonks follow in a beaten path 
and, like historical and statistical productions, either copy literally or 
plagiarize openlv and offensively, the editor of HrxTi-.us Officiai. 
r.uiuF finds it easier and more congenial to his pen to close their covers 
and ramble alone through the scenes. ])laces and associations they copy 
and describe from predecessors in th.e business. "Ask Mr. Foster" is 




Business High School 

the sliibbolcth and keynote of the Standard Guide, intlced. there is 
but very little else outside the excellent halftones of the l)ook than this 
repetition of ''Ask Mr. Foster." ^Fr. Reynolds, the editor, has proven 
himself a genius Guide lli ok writer in i)roducing as good a compilation 
as the Stardard. It has evidently not been revised, as the Pennsylvania 
de])ot and the Baltimore and Ohio depot are still described in all their 
pristine glory, and the visitor is ])articularly informed how to find 
these ancient landmarks of the Capital Citv. There are many other 
illustrations of ancient history which are erroneous and misleading". Init 
demonstrative of the fact that the Standard is not up to date. 

This can be said of the Rand McXally in more numerous particulars ; 
nevertheless, we Ivive availed ourselves of much accepted facts and stan- 
dard information in both Guide Rooks, which we here cheerfully 
acknowledire. 



38 hunter's official guipk book. 

While no quotation marks are used in our extracts because it is im- 
possible to separate that which is original by Mr. Reynolds, and by the 
editor of the Rand McNally production, from the published, established 
and common, well-known facts of the history of the Nation's Capital, 
we deem it proper, honest and honorable to the profession we have 
followed for half a century to acknowledge and give credit for any 
ideas, information or phraseology we have taken from others. 

We hope that this acknowledgement to the respective editors of the 
Standard and Rand ]\IcNally will be accepted in the spirit in which it 
is offered. The design, scope and original matter in The Hunter 
Official Guide Book are easily distinguished from that of our prede- 
cessors in this comparatively new field to us. If we are accused of 
plagiarism in copying a public building and its accompanying description 
we plead the same amount of guilt that all the poets and writers from 
the days of Shakespeare to the present hour owe the immortal Bard 
of Avon, acknowledged or unconfcssed. We respect the copyright of 
the Standard Guide and therefore here conspicuously give Messrs. Rey- 
nolds and Foster credit for anything and everything extracted from 
their excellent but, pardon the expression, superannuated Guide Book. 
It is not up nor could it be up to date in a city as progressive as the 
Nation's Capital, and we have simply but attempted, however imper- 
fectly, to fill in the omissions which could not otherwise be accom- 
plished except by a revision of their Guide Book or the production of 
The Hunter Official Guide Book on, let us state without egotism, 
a new and original if not an improved plan. 

We desire to be perfectly fair and not attach our name or the repu- 
tation we have earned in the press to a "fake." We are writing for an 
unlettered but by no means an ignorant man. We would no more 
impose upon him than upon the public with a production that was not 
all it claimed to be in its prospectus, which have been scattered by the 
thousands. We have been a soldier (in the Civil War), a Municipal, 
State and Feredal official, or perhaps "office holder" would more cor- 
rectly describe the positions we have held. It is known pretty generally 
in the press that we have experienced many vicissitudes of fortune, 
from a comfortable competence to a space writer for our former con- 
temporaries ; and, from an office in the State House to a cell in the 
prison ! And we were proud of the transmission. As neither misfea- 
sance nor malefeasance caused our downfall, but an unfortunate street 
duel in which our antagonists were slain in open fight, and public 
opinion demanded expiation for the violation of the law, we have no 
hesitation in recording the regrettable incident in The Hunter Offi- 
cial Guide Book. 

In the Preface we alteniiited to tell the public something about C. T. 
Hunter, the publisher of this Gi'inK. Inhere are numbers of writers in 
Washington more prolific with the ])en who are untler greater obli- 
gations and could more strikingly and picturesquely describe this un- 
lettered young man. whn I'miu newsboy, unfriended, unaided anel alone, 
has achieved a measure of .success which insures him the ultimate goal 
of his ambition. But as "eaten liread is scion forgotten" Mr. Hunter, 
to achieve one of his desires was comiiclled to fall back upon the pres- 



HUNTICK S (il-I'IClAI. C.l'iDl'; lUMiK. 



:^9 



ent writer of the Guide Book, and engage our services in lieu of those 
his generosity and the gratitude of his beneficiaries ought to have com- 
manded their higher and superior talent to gratify his laudable ambi- 
tion of producing something permanent and which would demonstrate 
to his native city that the "little newsboy of the Treasury" had the in- 
stincts of the true .\merican and the ambition to exploit to the world 
the city of his birth. 

As we have written about him in the Preface, all that he would per- 
mit us to say, we shall close this personal explanation with the state- 
ment that at thirty years of age no native citizen, however high his 
family, or however favored his fortune, can command more apprecia- 
tion, personal admirers or a larger constituency of friends and acquaint- 
ances among the business men of Wa.shington, than Mr. C. T. Hunter, 
the publisher of this book. 




A Big Machine Shop — Washington Navy Yard 



INDUSTRIAL WASHINGTON. 

The Chamber of Commerce brochure has the following, which we 
extract : 

Electric power is available for all purposes at a low cost. For the 
capitalist who is looking for a great field of power development the vi- 
cinity of Washington furnishes a most promising field. The Great Falls 
of the Potomac, twelve miles above the city, have not as yet been ex- 
ploited for power purposes. It is estimated that 50,000 horse power 
could readily be developed from these falls and an additional 12,000 
from the Little Falls a few miles below. A glance at the picture of the 
falls with their madly rushing waters is a suggestion of power itself. 

Coal is brought down from West Virginia and Maryland mines 
at a low cost by the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and the Government 
is already committed to the widening and deepening of the channel of 
the Potomac so as to make possible a great increase of water transpor- 
tation. 

Abundant cheap and accessible sites are available. On the railroads, 
on the water front or both hundreds of acres are to be had for factory 
purposes. 

Senator Stephen B. Elkins, of West Virginia, himself a captain of 
industry, has painted a glowing future for industrial Washington. 



41 > HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

He points out that from 20,000 to 30,000 miles of railroad terminate 
at the Potomac at Washington, and to the water transportation facili- 
ties. In a long interview given to the Washington Times recently he 
said in part : 

"Washington is destined to become a great manufacturing and com- 
mercial city, rivaling Philadelphia and Baltimore, and reaping nujre 
than either of them the advantages growing out of the development of 
the great South. At the present depth of tide-water, all kinds of coast- 
wise commerce can be carried on, and even trans-Atlantic commerce 
will spring up. Fruit vessels from Italy and the West Indies can dis- 
charge cargoes at Washington and carry away coal and manufactured 
products. 

"There is no reason why Wasiiington should not beCDUie a greater 
coal distributing center than Baltimore, both by water and rail. \> 
for manufacturing, the advantages of the south side of the Potomac. 
adjacent to this city, are unexcelled. All kinds of raw material can be 
laid down there as cheaply as at any other point on the Atlantic sea- 
board. The products of the entire South can be drawn iherc. to be 
worked into manufactures. Coal, lumber and cotton can be laid down 
there to the greatest advantage. 

"This city within twenty-five years," he concludes, "will have a mil- 
lion inhabitants, in my opinion." 

vSo this latter dav ])n)])lu't basing his observations on experience ha> 
reache<I the same conclusion as did Wasiiington at the beginning oi" the 
Nation. 

FIELD FOR THE JOIJP.ER. 

For the business man who is seeking a good place tt) locale a jobbing 
establishment Washington has a special message. .Although not a well 
develo|)e(l wholesale center, the success of those wholesale houses now 
established has been remarkable and every indication points to further 
growth. Not only is the home market large, but wholesale merchants 
have demonstrated in the past few years that the territory to the South 
and \\'est properly belongs to them. 

lUil the ojiportunity for the jobber in Washington is larger than is 
indicated by these facts, for Washington is not a complete market. 
There is room, nay, need, for jobbing houses in the following lines: 
Boots and Shoes, Dry Goods. Hats and Caps and Clothing. 

With the.se additional establishments there would be a complete 
market for the country merchant. Not only would the new concerns 
find an immediate market Ix^th in Washington and in the South, but 
every other wholesale dealer in the city would benefit by their coming. 

.\ short time ago a number of the leading wholesale houses combined 
to send out a "trade getting" train into Maryland. \'irginia, West Vir- 
ginia and North Carolina. The residt was remarkable. One concern 
.•>ol(l enough lard, its own manufacture, in a week to take its entire out- 
put for six weeks. Other merchants fared almost equally well, and 
cvervwbere tluv were assured that the country nu reliant would pre- 



II r.N'i'iiK s (ii'i'K'iAi. (■.riDi-: r.doK. 



41 



fcr t(i deal exclusively in \\'ashint;l<'n. ])rt)vi(lcd lie could obtain all his 
sui:)]:»lies. so as to avoid buying- i)art in W'ashin.i^ton and i)art in other 
markets farther north. 

Encouraged bv this success, the Wholesale Trade Committee ct the 
Chamber of Commerce is now planning' another trade extending train 
to touch at thirty towns in thirty days. 

There is rooni'in this bookdet for little more than .suggestions concern- 
ing the commercial develo]>ment of Washington. The Secretary of the 
Chamber of Commerce and the Chairman of the Wholesale Trade 
Committee, however, are armed with full information and will be glad 
ro answer inquiries. 

WASHINGTON A SIIOriTNG CENTER. 

Washington is a shopping town. Her department stores and other 
retail establishments ar- second to none in the country. A century as 
the Capital citv. the home of the representatives nf every country en the 




Washington Railway and Electric Co. ^Terminal Station 

globe and the home for a large ])art of the year of residents of every 
State and Territory in the Union, Washington has been forced to sup- 
ply- the wants of every class of society. 

COSMOPrjlJ'i' W !'( )l'rK ATIOX. 



The needs of the most cosmopolitan populatiiMi of any city in tlie 
L'nited States have been appreciated by her enterprising merchants to 
such an extent that the former custom of shopping in IMiilade]i)hia and 
New York has for a long time been non existaut. The first lady of the 
land, other members of the President's family, the wives and daughters 
of ambassadors and ministers from every land and clime are familiar 
figures of an afternoon or morning- in the shoi)ping district. They walk 
or drive from store to store and find liere all that their \aried tastes or 
fancies dictate. 

Some may ol)iect thai in order to meet the demands of such patrons 
prices gcneralh- must be high. Here ;igain Washington merchants 



42 hunter's official c.uiDf-: took. 

have proved their enterprise and business abiUty, for not only have they 
arranged their stocks to meet all calls, but prices are unusually low. A 
comparison of the page advertisements of Washington stores with those 
of New York or Chicago is all that is necessary to demonstrate the 
truth of this assertion. 

OLD ESTABLISHMENTS. 

Many of the retail establishments are almost as old as the Capital 
itself and several of them boast of having as customers every President 
of the United States and many of the famous statesmen and diplomats 
whose names have long since passed into history. 

So favorably has the service of many Washington stores been im- 
pressed upon oflficials and others who have resided temporarily at the 
Capital that even after leaving they have continued their patronage, 
sending their orders regularly for shoes, clothing or other articles. 

The stores are so conveniently situated that many shoppers prefer 
to walk about the shopping district rather than drive or use the street 
cars. 

MARKETS. 

The housekeeper in Washington, too, is better served than in any 
other large city. With man_y large, centrally located markets where 
may be found the products of the farms, orchards, truck gardens of 
Maryland and Virginia, Florida and California, and oysters, clams and 
other sea foods, fresh from Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic, with 
market stores scattered everywhere throughout the city, Washington 
offers for the table the best there is to be had at the lowest prices and 
that more accessably than elsewhere. 

So much for the information of the reader who contemplates coming 
to Washington to live. A word now for the reader who may be con- 
sidering the advisability of going into business here. 

PROGRESSIVE MERCHANTS. 

The retail merchants of the city are among the most progressive 
citizens of the community. The Retail Trade Committee of the Cham- 
ber of Commerce is the largest committee of that organization, having 
seventy members. For many years Washington merchants were con- 
tent to profit by the custom of residents of the city, a large, increasing 
population of large and constant purchasing power. The government 
with its great payroll of steadily employed and regularly paid servants 
has served to produce an unfailing market for the merchant. 

OUT-OF-TOWN SHOPPERS. 

Last year, however, a few leaders realized the opportunities for 
greatly increasing the volume of business and through the Retail Trade 
Committee an active campaign was started to induce the residents of 



huntick's official guidk v.ook. 43 

the three siirroiuuling States to come to Washington to do their shop- 
ping, offering to refund railroad fares, provided a certain amount of 
purchases were made from the houses represented in the membership 
of the committee. This plan proved immediately successful, bringing 
trade from the farthest towns and cities in Virginia, West Virginia and 
Maryland. The opportunity of an occasional visit to the Capital, com- 
bined with that of purchasing supplies from the well-stocked houses of 
Washington merchants, proves an attraction too strong for resistance 
by hundreds of persons within a radius of 150 miles. 

REM.VRKARLE GROWTH. 

The business history of the largest retail establishment of the city 
reads like fiction. One of the largest department stores commenced 
business fifteen years ago in a one-story, twenty-foot front store, with 
but a few clerks, and handling dry goods only. To-day their establish- 
ment occupies nearly an entire city block, part of the building being 




Capital Traction Co. — Mt. Pleasant Car Barns 

four-Stories and part five-stories in height. Their stock includes every- 
thing that can be found in the most diversified department store, they 
employ thousands of clerks and the counters are always lined with cus- 
tomers. What is said of this establishment is hardly less true of many 
others. 

STRONGEST B.\NK CITY. 

Happily peculiar in many respects Washington differs from other 
cities of the United States no more favorably than in her financial equip- 
ment and strength. In stability no stronger proof of her excellence 
could be offered than the e.\];erience of the Capital city during the 
recent panic and financial stringency as compared to the less favorable 
experiences of other communities. 

While banks were failing and exchanges suspending business in other 
centers no bank of any character in Washington failed or was even em- 
barrassed. The confidence of the public was so great in local institu- 



•44 hunter's official guide book. 

tions that not the sHghtest uneasiness was at any time evident. The 
only indications here that money was scarce were a sHght increase in 
mterest rates and a natural conservativeness in making" large loans. 

UNIQUE ADVANTAGE. 

The pre-eminent advantage Washington has over other cities in re- 
spect to her financial institutions is that they all are imder the direct 
supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. So far as openness to 
Government inspection is concerned and consequent safety all the 
banks at the Capital are on as sound foundations as National banks. In 
1907 a savings bank was closed by order of the Comntroller, wdiose 
office assumed immediate charge of its affairs. The Comptroller's ad- 
ministration disclosed the fact that it was in a sound condition, and 
every stockholder and depositor received dollar for dollar within a sur- 
prisingly short time. 

BANK STOCKS STRONG. 

Another indication of the excellent condition of Washine'ton banks is 
the strength their stocks show on the local exchange. The stock of 
one of the National banks is quoted at six times its par value, and the 
stock of only one institution, and that, one which has been in existence 
scarcely a year, is quoted a few points less than par. 

Washington financiers have been quick to see the necessity of better 
organization when conditions demanding change arose. Many mer- 
gers of banks have been satisfactorily accomplished in late years, and 
not only the banks themselves benefitted by the economies ensuing, 
but the service resultant has been bettered. There are now eleven Na- 
tional banks, fourteen savings banks, five trust companies and two large 
banks that are not exactly in any of these classes, though more nearly 
National banks than either of the other two. 

The banking houses of local financial institutions are noteworthy. 
The architecture of one National bank and that of two trust company 
homes are among the best examples of business architecture in the 
country. 

Prospective investors, capitalists seeking a location for new indus- 
tries or other business ventures, or those contemplating residence at 
the National Capital need no further showing of facts concerning 
Washington banks to convince them that "Washington aft'ords financial 
advantages not excelled elsewhere. 

BUSINESS MEN'S ORGANIZATIONS. 

Chiefly on account of the peculiar form of government in the District 
of Columbia Washington differs considerably from other .Vmerican 
cities in respect to the character of her organizations among business 
men. 

The Chamber of Commerce with about 800 members, is more like the 
Trade organizations of oilier larLie cities than is anv other bodv here. 



mXTI-.K S OFI-ICIAI. C.L'IDF. IlOOK. 



4.1 



It was formed in the spring of u;oy by the merging of the Business 
-Men's Association and the Jobbers and Shippers' Association, two 
bodies whose finictions were similar. The new organization was' born 




"fa general demand on the ])ari of l)u>incss men for the extension of 
U'ashington's trade and the development of industries, and of a convic- 
tir)n that one body could acconipli.-h greater results with lo^- expense 
than two. 



46 hunter's official guide book. 

THE CHAMBER OF COALAIERCE. 

The organization is an admirable one for this purpose, and during its 
existence has already done much toward the ends sought. Its com- 
mittees on Manufactures, Wholesale Trade, Retail Trade and Conven- 
tions are accomplishing much, while its committees on Municipal Leg- 
islation, Law and Legislation and Schools have been instrumental in 
shaping legislation affecting the District. 

FAVORITE CONVENTION CITY. 

In the newly born determination to make the most of Washington's 
many opportunities the subject of inducing national and international 
organizations to hold their conventions here has received especial at- 
tention upon the part of her business men. Until the present time 
Washington has been content to take the good things th.it have been 
coming her way without endeavoring very strenuously to increase their 
number. 

According to the last annual report of the Board of Trade thirty- 
seven conventions were held in this city in the year beginning November 
26, 1906. In one week in the month of May, 1908, no less than six con- 
ventions were held, several of them holding sessions at the tame time in 
different hotels or halls. All these conventions have come to Wash- 
ington without so much as an invitation on the part of the local busi- 
ness organizations. It is now realized that if this be the case, which is 
undeniable, many more organizations can be induced to hold their con- 
ventions at the Capital, if only the advantages of the city for that pur- 
pose are made known to them and the information coupled with an in- 
vitation. 

WASHINGTON ADMIRABLY ADAPTED. 

The needs of organizations incident to conventions are good passen- 
ger transportation facilities, hotel facilities, convenient places in which 
to hold sessions, good publicity facilities and, not unimportant, pleas- 
ant surroundings. 

Washington supplies all of these requisites and offers much more. A 
city that can easily handle the enormous crowds of visitors that throng 
the streets every four years, at the inauguration of the President of the 
L^nited States, is patently equipped to care for, both in railroad and 
hotel accommodations, any special gathering at other times. Wash- 
ington hotel men have become accustomed to quick expansion and con- 
traction of business. The coming and departure of Congress with the 
thousands dependant upon its sessions and the large number of conven- 
tions which have been coming to the city in recent years have served 
to make irregularity in numbers at depots and hotels the regular thing. 
A host of meeting halls of various sizes are always available and. for 
unusually large gatherings, there is a convention hall, with seating 
capacity of 6,000 and standing room capacity of 10,000. Two conven- 



HUNTER S OFl-lCIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



47 



tions of considerable proportions were recently held in a single hotel, 
with no confusion in session halls, banquets or accommodations. 

As to publicity facilities, there is no greater news distributing center 
in the United States. Correspondents representing not only all of the 
daily newspapers of the country and many of the foreign journals have 
their offices in Washington, but even the technical and trade publica- 
tions have their contributors and regular correspondents at the Capital. 

GREAT EDLC.\TU)X.\L CENTER. 

If the first President of the'Nation predicted that Washington would 
become a great commercial emporium, he also wished earnestly that it 
would become the educational center of the new Republic. If the pre- 




McKinley Manual Training School 

diction has not as yet become true, at least his wish has been gratified. 
Washington is now the scientific and educational center of the country. 
To realize how accurate this statement is it is only necessary for the 
reader to consider the facilities and resources here, not only for scientific 
research and higher learning, but also for secondary training. 

M.WY LIBRARIES. 

There are in Washington thirty-four Governmental libraries open to 
the public for research, with over 2.000,000 books and pamphlets and 
over 500,000 other literary articles, manuscripts, maps, music and prints. 
This is exclusive of the contents of the Public Library, a gift to the 
District from .Andrew Carnegie, and the libraries of private associations 
and institutions. According to Dr. Herbert Putnam, Librarian of Con- 
gress, we have a "total not merely greater than is to be found in any 
other city of this size in the world, but which in ])roportion represents 



48 hunter's official guide book. 

several times as many volumes per capita as exists for public use in an\ 
other city of the world." Of course, the Library of Congress is the 
greatest of these institutions, containing" over 1.100,000 books and pam- 
phlets and nearly 500,000 other articles. 

The Library of Congress building itself is the proudest building of 
its kind in the world and furnishes the student an inspiration by its 
beauty of architecture and interior decoration. As a place for studv 
and research it is unequalled in convenience for the student. With a 
corps of courteous and able librarians and its wealth of material and 
facilities for quickly obtaining almost anything that may be called for 
the Library of Congress is the ideal workshop of the searcher into the 
realm of literature. 

MUSEUMS AND LABORATORIES. 

The Smithsonian Institution, the National Museum (for which there 
is now building a magnificent new home), the Army Medical Museum, 
the I'ureau of Standards, the Naval Observatory, the Corcoran Gallery 
of Art, the laboratories of the Department of Agriculture and the other 
various departmental museums and laboratories form a wealth of ap- 
paratus for the students which, of course, cannot be found elsewhere. 

The statistical bureaus of the Census ofifice, of the bureau of Labor, 
of Commerce, are also notable sources of information free of access at 
all times to the public. To show the city's pre-eminence in one branch 
of research, for example, it is only necessary to point out that there are 
eighteen chemical laboratories attached to Government departments, 
not to mention the facilities afforded by the universities of the city, 
r.y Act of Congress of April 12, 1902, these laboratories are accessible, 
under certain regulations, to the scientific investigators of the country 
and to students of any institution of higher education incorporated 
under the laws of Congress or of the District of Columbia. 

LEARNED SOCIETIES. 

The efifect of these advantages and facilities has been to bring to- 
gether in Washington notable scholars, wl>o have formed organization^^, 
themselves an important factor in the educational advantages of tl'ie 
Capital. In this connection may be named the Washington Academy of 
Sciences, and its fourteen learned affiliated societies. The American 
Association for the Advancement of Science, the .\rcheological Instl!:nte 
of America and the American Institute of Architects have their of^ccs 
in Washington. 

COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. 

Dr. Mitchell Carroll, an eminent educator and ]n-ofcssor in the 
George Washington I'niversity, in speaking of these great advantages 
at the Capital, says : 

"It is natural that Washington should be the ctntcr of the sen luific 
and educational activities of the countrw The CarucQie In'<^"tutirn i:- 



lirNTI'U S OI'I'ICIAI. C.UIDK r.OitK. 



i'J 



the great proniotor of scientific research; the Smithsonian Institution 
is the great disseminator of knowledge; the Library of Congress is the 
great storehouse for the world's learning and the universities .ind edu- 
cational institutions of the city are training men and womo.i to enter 
into an appreciation of the intellectual life in all its phases. Not to 
speak of the efficient public school system nor of the seventy or more 
private schools that attract boys and girls to Washington from all parts 
of the country, there are in Washington eight colleges and universities, 
seven professional schools of law. three of medicine and dentistry, and 
three of theology. 

"In these institu linns there is an aggregate of 476 professors and 
instructors and over 3.500 students, making Washington one of the 




The Speedway 

most important university towns in the country. To mention them by 
name, there are the three colleges, Gallaudet, Gonzaga and St. John's: 
and the five universities, Georgetown, George Washington. Howard, 
the Catholic University of America and the American University, which 
has already a beautiful site, with two buildings erected an'l which will 
begin regular university work when the endowment fund ha^ reached 
83.000.000. 

"All of these institutions are doing excellent work and are dissemi- 
nating the intellectual infiuences of the Cai)ital city throughout the 
country. Of these the one that bears the name of the Father of his 
Country has inaugurated the George Washington University Move- 
ment, the aim of which is to realize George Washington' • desire for 
a great universitv of international importance at the seat of Govern- 
ment. To this end it has already raised considerable funds for the 
jnirchase of a new site and has undertaken large plans which will lead in 
time to successful fruition." 

The Catholic University of .\merica is now the great Catholic seat 
-if learning in the United States, and the Methodists of the country are 



50 HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

aiming to make the American University the center of learning for 
the youth of their denomination. 

THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

A word should be added about the public school system. The public 
schools of Washington are under the care of Congress, which has com- 
mitted itself time and again to the policy of making the District of Co- 
lumbia the model municipality of the country. A board of education 
presides directly over the school affairs, but its members serve without 
compensation and are appointed by the justices of the Supreme Court 
of the District of Columbia. 

With this system there is no possibility of politics entering the schools. 
All appointments are made as the result of examination and special 
fitness and even the "pull" of members of Congress avails little. 

There are about 50,000 children and 1,500 officers and teachers in the 
public schools. The white and colored pupils and teachers are sepa- 
rated, having distinct school buildings. 

The system of instruction ranges from kindergarten to that of prepa- 
ration for the colleges and universities, and for teaching. In the High 
School division there is, besides the regular classical High Schools, a 
Business High School and a Technical High School, for the purpose of 
specially training students who intend going into business after gradu- 
ation, or who are fitting themselves for the higher technical institutions 
of learning. The schools are so good that the President of the United 
States is sending his son, Ouentin Roosevelt, to them although there 
are several scores of good private institutions in the city. 

IDEAL PLACE OF RESIDENCE. 

A book exclusively devoted to a description of the thousands of fea- 
tures which go to make Washington the ideal residential city of the 
country would be more appropriate in treating the subject than merely 
the brief review here possible. Many such, in fact, have been written 
and can be found in any public library, and there is no end of articles 
of value and interest in periodical literature. The charms of Wash- 
ington for the resident can here be only suggested. 

Around the central fact that Washington is the Capital of the Na- 
tion are grouped most of the reasons why the city has become the ideal 
residence community of the country. Washington reflects the great- 
ness of a great people and the high aesthetic and intellectual ideals of 
the most enlightened nation of the earth. 

SOCIETY OF THE CAPITAL. 

The society of the Capital is the best example of this representative- 
ness. Here are gathered men and women typifying the best in their 
respective commtmities. ^nd not only is every section of the country 
thus highly represented, but every nation of the earth also sends its 



IIl'XTKR S Ol-l'KIAl, C.UIDK BOOK. 



51 



quota of dipI(Miiats, citizens selected from the best minds of the nations. 
Then, too, attracted by this great gathering of briUiant people another 
large class of persons, which is constantly growing larger, those who 




have acquired large fortunes and who are now seeking the most pleas- 
ant surroundings, has come to Washington. They have built hundreds 
of magnificent residences and. for the most part, made the city their 
permanent hoiiie. 



52 huxter's official c.uini- r.ooK. 

Two other important classes combine with the official, diplomatic and 
wealthy to make the society of the Capital most desirable. These are 
the hundreds of men and women of achievement in the fields of science, 
art, and literature, who have found Washington a happy place of resi- 
dence, and the large contingent which has grown up from within, rather 
than from without, a modest, solid l)ody of citizens who are proud of 
their city and wide-awake to all her interests. 

It is hardly needful to say that with this extraordinary citizenship 
there has been ])rovided the best of churches, theaters, clubs and amuse- 
ments. 

The city's charities have also been highly organized and are now ad- 
ministered from a central body whose agents are closely in touch with 
all needs. Funds for the several charities are placed in charge of this 
central body, whose board of directors is composed of many of the 
most highly esteemed men and women of the community. 



STREETS AND TREES. 

The physical features of Washington are pleasingly impressed upon 
the visitor the minute he enters the city through the new Union Station. 
This superb structure, which has now cost about $17,000,000. was 
opened in October. 1907. It is an enormous white pile set in a wide 
plaza, facing the Capitol three blocks distant. A writer in "Collier's" 
remarks that \\'ashington is now the "head of the list of the world's 
great capitals in the dignity of her treatment of arriving and departing 
guests." 

With this first favorable impression the visitor passes on to his hotel 
or other destination through wide, smooth and delightfully shaded 
streets, getting glim])ses here and there of classic Government struc- 
tures. I'ractically all streets and avenues are paved with asphalt and 
the trees along the curbs and sometimes, too. in double rows down the 
center, are by no n:eans limited to the residence portion, but extend 
everywhere. 

ARCHITFXTL'RE. 

The splendid Government buildings, hotels and office buildings, are, 
of course, always a delight to the lover of good architecture, but the 
residence sections of the city and the suburbs hold the chief attractions. 
Diversity of architecture is notable and even where long rows of houses 
are necessary the architect has introduced a variety of fronts obviating 
the monotony common to the residence architecture of many large cities. 
Leading architects have recently expressed the opinion that in all 
forms of structures Washington is now showing the highest forms of 
architectural design and leading every other American city in this re- 
spect. From the pretty bungalow in the suburb to the mansion of the 
millionaire on Massachusetts avenue or Sixteenth street the same 
artistic tendency is evident. 



IIUXTI-K S OFI'FCIAI. CUIMl-: HOOK. 



53 



PARKS. 



Public parks, rangiiii; from a few humlrccl s(|iiarc feet to square 
miles in area, literally dot the entire District. Triangular, square, or 
circular plots of green embellished with beautiful trees and beds of 
flowers are seen at most intersections of streets and diagonal avenues. 
The circles are notable, for here are placed the scores of historic 
statues commemorating men and events prominent in the history of the 
nation. There are many larger spaces, occupying one or two city 
blocks densely shaded and carefully kept for the enjoyment of those 
who remain in their city homes throughout the summer. Band con- 
certs by the various military bands and the famous I'nited States Ma- 
rine Band are given in them nearly every evening during the season. 

The larger parks are the Mall, a wide stretch of grass and trees con- 
necting the Capitol with the Washington Monument; Potomac Park, 




G Street, Looking East from Eleventh Street, N, W. 

a large tract of land made by dredgings from the Totomac and now 
grown over with graceful willows and greensward, the Soldiers' Home 
grounds, and the great Rock Creek Park, stretching for miles through 
the northwest section of the city. Within the last reservation is the 
Zoological Garden with its notable collection of the world's fauna gath- 
ered for the National Museum and containing strange gifts of poten- 
tates of Africa and Asia. 

The Park Commission's ])lans for the artistic treatment of the Mall 
and contiguous territory now seems certain of ultimate fulfillment. 
This is a pretentious project to carry out the original plans of L'En- 
fant and Washington for the city, and steps in this direction have al- 
ready been taken by Congress in locating the new buildings for the 
Senate and House of Representatives, for the National Museum and 
the Dejjartment of .\griculture and finally in placing the splendid Grant 
Memorial in the P.otanic Garden at the Cajjitol v\m\ of the proposed 
avenue to be formed bv the Mall. 



54 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



In the city's parks the Department of Agriculture has done much to 
make them beautiful and interesting. Plants and trees from all lands 
and climates have been brought here and cultivated. Some of the 
parks, particularly the grounds in the Mall, the Capitol grounds, the 
White House grounds and the park opposite the White House, are 
filled with so many varied specimens that they are now almost botanic 




Baltimore & Ohio Railroad City Freight Yards 

gardens. The trees are labeled with their specific and common names, 
so that the public may profit by the experiments of the Department. 

TRANSPORTATION. 

All parts of the city and suburbs are of easy access by reason of an 
excellent system of street-car lines. Fares are low. Congress having 




Pennsylvania Railroad City Freight Yards 

Stipulated that six tickets shall be sold for a quarter and that these tick- 
ets shall be good over all lines and constitute a fare anywhere within 
the District. In June, 1908, the Interstate Commerce Commission 
was given direct supervision over all the street-car lines, making the 
only municipal traction property in the country directly governed by the 
Federal Government. Years ago all trolley lines and poles were done 



hunter's official guide book. 55 

away with and even telegraph and telephone wires are now underground, 
eliminating the unsightliness of this feature of modern city develop- 
ment entirely from the streets of the District. 

THE CHA^[BER OF COMMERCE. 

The Hlxter Offici.\l Guide Book desires to express its special 
acknowledgment to the Secretary of the above named organization of 
the leadino- merchants and business men of Washington. As will be 



A Steamer Pier 

seen in the body of TiiE Guide we have quoted more information about 
the real \\'ashingtcn from the pages of a small brochure issued by the 
Special Booklet Committee of the Chamber, than it would be possible 
to find within the covers of all the Guide Books, so far issued, on the 
National Capital. 

This fact reflects great credit on the editor of the Booklet. Mr. George 
H. Gall, who probably used an intellectual hydraulic press to boil down 
and squeeze out the salient and striking commercial, industrial and 
scenic features of Washington and its suburbs. 

We venture to offer a suggestion to the Special Booklet Committee 
of the Washington Chamber of Commerce, and the unselfishness of our 
suggestion is apparent in view of the fact that TiiE Hunter Official 
Guide Book will be on sale on the streets, steam and electric cars and 
on all the news stands March 4th. 

The suggestion is that the Committee get out a special edition of as 
many thousands of copies as its funds will warrant and place one. if 
possible, in the hands of cverv visitor to the Inaugural of the President 
(elect) W. H. Taft. 

Editor Gall and the Booklet Committee in the Preface to the Booklet 
so admirably condense its special and attractive features that we can- 
not refrain, in these few words of acknowledgement for copious ex- 
tracts, to quote the same. It is headed or has the caption "a fore- 
word" and is as follows : 



56 



liUXTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



A FOREWORD. 

The Washington Chamber of Commerce issues this booklet for the 
purpose of attracting the attention of the country to a phase of devel- 
opment of the Capital of the Nation which is far less exploited than its 
national aspect. As a city she enjoys more publicity than any other, but 
seldom are her purely local, civic features brought directly to the atten- 
tion of the people of the United States. Guide books tell all about 
things of historic and Governmental interest and the newspapers and 
magazines are filled with the doings of her statesmen. 

The industrial, commercial, financial, educational, residential and 
other civic features, however, do not enjoy this wide publicity. The 
following pages are offered, therefore, for the information of the manu- 
facturer or merchant who would seek a favorable place for his factory 
or commercial house ; the careful investor in real estate ; the man or 
woman who is seeking the best city in the United States for a perma- 
nent place of residence ; the young man or woman who \^'ould acquire an 
education where are offered the best advantages for culture, and for the 
enlightment of the visitor. 

The Chamber of Commerce would have Americans know the Wash- 
ington of Washingtonians as they now know their own Washington, 
their capital city. 




New Automobile Factory — Carter Motor Car Corporation 



IIUXTKR S Ol'1-ICIAI, c.rinK hook. 



57 




An Interior View in the Navy '^'ard Working in the Big Gun Shop 



58 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 




Equestrian Statue of Maj.-Gen. George H. Thomas 



The bronze statue of Gen. George H. Thomas, the "Rock of Chicka- 
niauga" and hero of Nashville, is in the center of Thomas Circle, 
and was erected, with great ceremony, in 1879, by the Society of the 
Army of the Cumberland, which paid $40,000 for the design and the 
casting. The pedestal, which bears the bronze insignia of the Army 
of the Cumberland, and its ornamental lamps were furnished by Con- 
gress, at an expense of $25,000. The statue is itself nineteen feet in 
height, and is finely modeled ; but many admirers of this sturdy, unas- 
suming commander regret that in his representation there is not more 
man and less horse. 



iir.\ ri.K s oi-i-iciAi. GUIDE book. 



59 



4 

It 





General W. T. Sherman 



Wlio made the famous march to the sea. The pedestal is so elaborate 
it somewhat dwarfs the c(|iiestrian figure and the horse. 



60 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL CUIDE BOOK. 




Maj.-Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock 

Commander of the 2d Army Corps, Army of the Potomac 



HUNTER S Ol'l-ICIAI. Gl'IDK I'.OOK. 



61 




Gen. Philip Henry Sheridan 

The hero of Winchester and "Scourge of the Valley." This is one of 
the finest cque-trian statues in Washington. 



62 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDF BOOK. 



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The Best View of the Treasury 



The financial department and the actual treasury of the Government 
are housed in the imposing but somewhat gloomy building which closes 
the vista up Pennsylvania avenue from the Capitol, and which nearly 
adjoins the White House park on the east. This structure, which, 
suitably to the alleged American worship of money, has been given 
the form of a pagan temple, is of the Ionic-Greek order of architecture 
modified to suit local requirements. The main building, with its long 
pillared front on Fifteenth street, was erected of Virginia sandstone and 
completed in 1841. Some years later extensions were undertaken which 
enlarged the building greatly, produced the magnificent granite por- 
ticoes at each end, and resulted in the beautifully designed western 
facade. The whole building, completed in 1869, is 466 feet long and 
246 wide exclusive of the porticoes, inclose two courts, and has cost 
about $10,000,000. 

The building is open from 9 till 2 ; and between i 1 and 12 and i and 2 
o'clock, persons who assemble at the office of the Treasurer are formed 
into parties, and conducted to the doors of certain rooms, where the 
guides explain the work in progress there. 

United States Treasury notes bear the engraved facsimiles of the 
signatures of the United States Treasurer and the Register of the Treas- 
ury ; but national bank notes are actually signed in ink by the president 
and cashier of the bank issuing them. The latter are sent to the banks 
and receive these signatures before receiving the red seal, for which 
purpose they mtist be returned liere. the lianks defraying the express 
charges. 



IirXTKR S OFFICIAL GUIDK I'.OOK. 



63 




Mount Vernon 



The Mansion House of Mount \>rnon occupies a beautiful site over- 
looking the river. It is of wood, cut and painted to resemble stone. 
The building, 96 x 30 feet, has two stories and an attic with dormer 
windows ; the roof is surmounted by a cupola, with an antique weather- 
vane. In front extends a piazza 15-ft deep and 25-ft. high, with 
square pillars, and a floor tiled with flags from the Isle of Wight. Two 
kitchens are connected with the central building by colonnades. In 
front of the house are shaded lawns, and a deer park below ; in the 
rear are lawns, gardens and orchards ; and disposed about the grounds 
are the outbuildings of a \'irginia farm. The main hall of the house 
extends through from front to back ; the six rooms on the first floor 
are the Banquet Room, Music Room, West Parlor, Family Dining 
Room, Mrs. Washington's Sitting Room and the Library. The man- 
sion is very nearly concealed by the trees surrounding it. There is only 
one place as you approach it from the north where it can be seen at all. 
This is the view above given. 



64 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 




Bronze Statue Admiial David G Farragut 



This Statue of r'arragut, Farragut S(|uarc, intersection Connecticut 
avenue and I street. N. W., represents him as stancHug upon the deck 
of his flagship Hartford, from whose propeller the metal of which the 
statue is composed was taken, and was cast in 1880, after models by 
^frs. Lieutenant Hoxie, then Miss Vinnie Ream. It cost $25,000, and 
was dedicated in April. 188 1. many of Farragut's old shipmates taking 
])art in the ceremonies. 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDK BOOK. 



65 




The Lafayette Memorial Statue 



Upon a lofty and handsome i)edestal stands a hei'dic bronze t'ii;ure of 
the Marquis de I,afa\ctte, in the uniform of a Continental general, while 
nearer the base, at the sides, are statues of Rochambcau and Duportail, 
of the French army, and D'Estaing and De Grasse of the French navy. 
In front is "America" holding- up a sword to Lafayette. This work is ex- 
ceedingly vigorous and is after models by two eminent French sculp- 
tors, Falquiere and Mercie. T(^tal cost $50,000. 



66 



hunter's official guide book. 




United States Patent Office 



The Secretary of the Interior and his assistants have their offices in 
this great Doric-Greek building, covering the two squares reaching 
from Seventh to Ninth streets, between F and G, which everybody caUs 
the Patent Office, because designed for and mainly occupied by that 
bureau. 

The Hall of* Models is still a spacious room on the main floor, but the 
removal of the historical relics to the National Museum, and the fire of 
1877, which destroyed 87,000 models and some 600,000 drawings, etc., 
have left little worth looking at. The office has issued thus far about _ 
too.ooo patents, and its earnings have been far in excess of the cost of 
buildings and all expenses since its origin. 



HUNTKR S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



67 




The Smithsonian In.siituiicjn was constituted by an act of Congress 
to a(hninister the bequest of his fortune made to the United States by 
James Smitlison, a VDunger son of tlie Knglish Duke of Northumber- 
land, and a man of science, who died in iSj(). In 1838 the legacy be- 
came available and was brought over in gold sovereigns, which were 



68 hunter's official guide book. 

recoined into American money, yielding $508,318.46. The language of 
this bequest was : 

"I bequeath the whole of my property to the United States of 
America to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian 
Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowl- 
edge among men." 

The acceptance of this trust is the only action of the kind ever taken 
by the nation, and the Institution stands in a peculiar relation to the 
Government. It is composed of the President of the United States and 
the members of his Cabinet, ex officio, a chancellor, who is elected, and 
a secretary, who is the active administrator of its aft'airs. The business 
of the Institution is managed by a board of regents, composed of the 
Vice-President and the Chief Justice of the United States, three Sena- 
tors, three members of the House of Representatives, and six other 
eminent persons nominated by a joint resolution of the Senate and the 
House of Representatives. The immediate and primary object of the 
board, as above constituted, is to administer the fund, which has now 
increased to about $1,000,000, and in doing so it promotes the object of 
its founder thus : 

(i) In the increase of knowledge by original investigation and 
study, either in science or literature. (2) In the dift'usion of this 
knowledge by publication everywhere, and especially by promoting an 
interchange of thought among those prominent in learning among all 
nations, through its correspondents. These embrace institutions or so- 
cieties conspicuous in art, science, or literature throughout the world. 
Its publications are in three principal issues, namely : The "Contri- 
butions to Knowledge," the "Miscellaneous Collections." and the "An- 
nual Report."' Numerous works are published annually by it, under 
one of these forms, and distributed to its principal correspondents. 

There was early begun a system of international exchanges of corre- 
spondence and publications, which forms a sort of clearing-house for 
the scientific world in its dealings with Americans ; and there is no civil- 
ized country or people on the globe where the Institution is not repre- 
sented by its correspondents, who now number about 24,000. The im- 
mediate benefit to the Institution itself has been in enabling it to build 
up a great scientific library of over 300,000 titles and mainly deposited 
in the Library of Congress. 

In no single respect, perhaps, has the progress of the American capi- 
tal been more striking than in the history of the National Museum. 
Originating in a (|uantity of "curiosities" which had been given to the 
United States by foreign powers, or sent home by consuls and naval 
officers, old visitors to Washington remember it as a heterogeneous 
cabinet in the Patent Ofiice. In 1846 a step was taken toward some- 
thing coherent and creditable, by an act of Congress establishing a Na- 
tional Museum, following the precedent of a dozen or more other na- 
tions ; but this intention took effect very slowly, though various explor- 
ing expeditions and embassies largely increased the bulk of the collec- 
tions, which, by and by, were trundled over to the Smithsonian building. 

The main entrance is in the north front, and is surmounted by "an 



iiun'Tkr's official r.uiDr: i-.ook. 69 

allegorical group of statuary, representing Columbia as the Patron of 
v^cience and Industry." Entering you find yourself at once in the 
North Hall, with the statuary, plants, and fountain of the rotunda mak- 
ing a i)leasing picture in the distance. This hall is crowded with cases 
Cdutaining personal relics of great men, and other historical objects. 

ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM. 

The Army Medical Museum occupies the handsome brick building in 
the southeast corner of the Smithsonian grounds, next to Seventh street. 
This institution grew up after the war, out of the work of the Surgeon- 
General's ofiice, and contains a great museum illustrating not only all 
the means and methods of military surgery, but all the diseases and 
casualties of war, making a grewsome array of i)reserve:l tlesh and 
bones, affected by wounds or disease ; or wax or plaster uKxlels of the 
effects of wounds or disease, which the average visitor could contem- 
plate only with horror and dismay. This museum, nevertheless, is of 
the greatest interest and value to the medical and surgical profession, 
and comprises some 25,000 specimens. In the anatomical section 
there is a very large collection of human crania, and about 1,500 skele- 
tons of American mammals. In the miscellaneous section are the latest 
annliances for the treatment of diseases, all sorts of surgical instru- 
ments, and models of ambulances, hospitals, etc. The library is the 
most complete collection of medical and surgical literature in the world, 
surpassing that of the British Museum. 

The statue of Dr. Samuel D. Gross, in front of this museum, annro- 
priately commemorates one of the greatest of American surgeons (born 
1805, died 1884), and an author and teacher of renown. 

THE CAPITOL. 

The Capitol is situated on Capitol Hill, i 1-3 miles from the White 
House and Treasury. It is reached by the F street and the Pennsyl- 
vania avenue cars, both of which ascend the hill. One may leave the 
Pennsylvania avenue cars at the Peace ^lonument, opposite Hunter's 
store, near the west entrance, and thus gain the grandest approach ; or 
mav continue (on the Navy Yard car) to the top of the hill. 

'riie building is o])en daily, except Sundays and holidays, from 9 to 
4.30, or until one-half hour after adjournment. During a term of Con- 
gress the forenoon is the best time for inspecting the legislative halls 
and the various committee rooms. Congress goes into .session at 12 
o'clock noon; visitors are allowed upon the floor of Senate and House 
until 11.45, thereafter in the galleries only. The several galleries are 
designated over the doors : Gentlemen's, Ladies', Reserved, Diplo- 
matic Corps, Press. Those marked Ladies' and Gentlemen's are open 
ot the jiublic. 

The Capitol is 751 feet long, 350 feet in greatest width, and covers 
nearly four acres of ground, with 153.112 sciuare feet of floor space. 
It is 155 feet high to the cornices of the main roof, or 288 feet to the 
crest of the Lil^erty statue. The dome is of iron, weighs nearly nine 



70 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



million pounds, and was completed in 1865, replacing the earlier wooden 
dome. The architecture is modified Corinthian upon a rustic hase, plus 
a dome, and the material of the older central part is Virginia (Aquia 
Creek) sandstone, painted white, but the newer wings are built (if Mass- 
achusetts marble. 

In front of the building stretches a broad paved plaza, and three 




flights of broad steps lead up to the central entrance and to each wing, 
lending a very effective appearance of breadth and solidity to the whole 
mass, whose walls are largely hidden by the rows of monolithic, fluted 
columns of Maryland marble that sustain the three broad porticos. 
The porticos of the wings have each twenty-two columns, and ten more 
columns on each of their northern and western fronts. 

The new Senate and House offices are separated from the Capitol 
proper and are connected by underground tunnels. The}' are of them- 
selves imposing public edifices, but add nothing to the massive grandeur 
of the Capitol. 



hunter's official guide book. 71 

ARLINGTON 1 loi'SE— FORMERLY Till". llo.MK OF GI%X- 
I'.K AT. ROBKkT E. LEE. 

Arlington, an estate identified in a peculiarly intimate manner with 
the history of the founding and preservation of the Union, and singu- 
larly beautiful withal, would be one of the most attractive places at the 
National Capital apart from the sacred interest imparted to it by its 
Sdldier dead. For several generations before the Civil War the home 
of the Custis and Lee families, it has been devoted since that time to the 
purposes of the foremost of the national military cemeteries. Here, be- 
hind the inscribed arches of the great gates, made from the marble pillars 
of the old War Department building, and under the oaks that belonged 
to the greatest of "their enemy," sleep almost a score of thousands of 
L'nion soldiers, and every year sees the eternal enlistment in their 
ranks of many more — among them officers of rank and distinction fa- 
mous for deeds that shall make their names immortal. 

Here, among many of less note, rest such famous commanders as IjcI- 
knap, Burns, Gleason, Gregg, Harvey, Ha/.en, Ingalls, King, Kirk, 
Lyford. Meyer (whose idea it was that these grounds should be set 
apart for this purpose), McKibbin, Paul, Plummer, Steadman, Turtel- 
lotte, and many others ; and the monuments are often exceedingly ap- 
propriate. The interest increases as the Mansion is approached. This 
noble house, whose pillared portico is so well seen from the city, stand'^ 
upon the brow of a magnificent hill overlooking the valley of the Poto- 
mac and the Federal city — a broad and beautiful view. On the brow 
of this l)luff are buried officers of special distinction and popularity, and 
iicre may be seen the graves and monuments of some of the Union's 
latest and most distinguished defenders. Here lie Gen. Philip H. Sheri- 
dan, beneath a grand lucmorial stone; Admiral David D. Porter. Maj- 
Gen. George H. Crook, whose monunient bears a bronze bas-relief ot 
the surrender of the .\pache Geronimo ; Maj.-Gen. \i)ncr Doubleday, 
the historian of Gettysburg: Generals Meigs, Ricketts, ISeiK't and Wat- 
kins; Colonel Berdan, of "sharpshooter" fame, and others. In the rear 
of the mansion is a mini:Htiu'e tem])le upon whose columns are engraved 
the names of great .American soldiers ; and a lovely amphitheater of col- 
umns, vine-embowered, where Decoration Day ceremonies and open-air 
l)urial services may be conducted. Near it is a great granite mauso- 
leum in which repose the bones of 2,1 i i unknown soldiers gathered 
after the war from the battlefield of Bull Run, and thence to the Rap])a- 
hannock. It is surrounded by cannon and hears a memorial inscription. 
Xear by. in a lovely glade, is buried Gen. IIenr\- W . Lawlon. i<illefl 
fighting in the Philippines in the autumn of i8o<;. 

TIk victims of the destruction of the battleshij) Maiiu\ in llavana. 
and >everal hundred .soldiers who lost their lives in Cuba and Porto 
Rico, during the war with Si)ain, in i8()8. arc l)uried together in the 
southern part of the cemetery, reached by a pleasant road, winding- 
through the peopled woods; and their monument is a battery of great 
naval trmis. 



72 hunter's official guidf book. 

THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

The Library of Congress, which originated with the purchase in Lon- 
don in 1802 of some 3-,ooo books of reference, was used as kindhng 
material by the vandals who gleefully burned the Capitol and its 
records in 1814. A new foundation was laid by the purchase of 
Thomas Jefferson's private library, and in 1851 the collection had in- 
creased to 60,000 volumes, when half of it, or more, was again swept 
away by fire. After this damage was repaired by the reconstruction of 
the western front of the Capitol, the growth was rapid, and the shelf- 
room speedily overflowed. 

A prolific source of accessions has been the copyright system, which 
requires the deposit here of two copies of every copyrighted work. The 
library contains more than 1,300.000 books. And here one hundred 
or as many centuries as it exists can be found a copy of Hun- 
ter's Official Guide Book, for two copies of the same are on file to 
complete the requirements of the copyright law. 

TO MOUNT \^ERNON. 

The pilgrimage to the home and tomb of George Washington at 
Mount Vernon is regarded by most Americans as a duty as well as 
a pleasure, and foreigners look upon it as a compliment due to the 
nation. It forms, moreover, a delightful excursion. 

Either of two routes may be taken to Mount V^ernon — by steamboat 
on the Potomac or by electric cars. 

The electric trains of the Washington, Alexandria & ]\Iount Vernon 
Railway leave their station. Pennsylvania Avenue and Twelfth 
Street, every hour, week days, from 10 a. m. to 3.00 p. m. from 
May ist to Nov. ist, and from 10 a. m. to 2 p. m. from Nov. i.st 
to May ist. These electric trains, which are the fastest and best 
equipped in the world, make the round trip in three hours, of which 
one hour and twenty minutes may be spent on the grounds. The fare 
is 75 cents for the round trip, or 85 cents including side trip to Arling- 
ton. All tickets allow stop-over privilege in Alexandria. The many 
points of interest as passed en route and described below are pointed 
out and cleverly explained by competent guides, who accompany 
all Mount Vernon trains. The route lies down Fourteenth Street, pass- 
ing the Agricultural Department, Washington Monument, and Bureau 
of Engraving and Printing, crossing the Potomac by way of Highway 
Bridge into Virginia. The old bridge which formerly stood here — The 
Long Bridge — became famous during the Civil War as a military 
route into the seceding States. It commands a fine view of the 
Potomac, with the stately Arlington Mansion on the hills to the 
right. At its further end there still stands, plainly seen at the left of 
the track as soon as the first high ground is reached. Fort Runyon, a 
strong earthwork erected in 1861 to guard the head of the bridge from 
raiders. But a short distance farther is Arlington Junction, where 
connection is made for Arlington. A little beyond it the train passes 



iirxiKKS oi-i-iciAi. (.rii'K I'.otiK. 73 

St. Asaph and tlieu skirts the hase of liracldock Heights — tlie low- 
hills upon which liraddock's army was encamped, in 1775. hetore 
undertaking that disastrous march against the French and Indians at 
Fort Duquesne (now Pittshurg). where l>raddock was kiled and his 
army saved from annihilation only by the genius of his young Colonial 
aid. George Washington. The city of .VKxandria is then entered. 

Alexandria began, under the name of llellhaven, in 1748, and had 
a promising early career. "It rapidly became an important port, and de- 
veloped an extensive foreign trade. It was well known in the great 
English commercial cities. General Washington, Governor Lee, and 
other prominent N'irginians interested themselves in its developnii-nt. 
and at one time it was thought it would become a greater city than 
Baltimore. Warehouses crowded with tobacco and tlour and corn 
lined its docks, and fleets of merchant vessels filled its harbor." The 
founding and advancement of Washington and the building of rail- 
roads, which diverted traffic to inland channels, destroyed its import- 
ance, and the coming of the Civil War ruined it socially. Here the 
L'nicn troops began their "invasion" of \'irginia soil, and here fell 
Ellsworth — the first notable victim of the confiict. The old red-brick 
hotel where he pulled down the Confederate fiag is now pointed out 
to the strangers at the corner of the first street beyond the railway 
station on A\'ashington Street. It was called the Marshall House. 

BUREAl' OF ENGRAMNG AND I'RIXTIXG. 

The liureau of Engraving and Printing is a branch of the Trea.^ury. 
Here are printed the Government bonds and the national currency, to- 
gether with postage and revenue stamps, military, naval and diplo- 
matic commissions, passports, etc. Specimens of the work of the 
Hureau are exhibited in the waiting room and in the halls, and series 
of currency are displayed in various stages of completion. There is 
a series of old-time fractional currency — shin]:)lastcrs. and a $10,000 sil- 
ver certificate, the largest note issued. 

The actual work of engraving the plates is not shown. This is sur- 
rounded w^ith the utmost precaution to guard against abstraction of the 
plates ; they are closely w^atched by day, and are locked in the vaults by 
night. The original plate itself is never printed from, but a replica is 
made of it for actual use. This is the Bureau's device to guard against 
the possibility of being itself a counterfeiter of the currency. For. if an 
accident should happen to a ]:)late, it would have to be rei)laced by a new 
one; and no matter how nearly like the original the new one might be 
engraved, it would not be thit original, but a copy of it. and a note 
l)rinted from the new ])late would not be an original, but a copy of that 
original, i. e., a counterfeit. W^hereas. if the replica should be injured, 
a new replica would be a new original printing plate. A specimen plate 
is shown of the portrait of lUirnside. which, however, does not belong 
on a Treasury note ; and with it is exhibited the roller used to transfer 
the engraving from the plate to the re])lica which is to be printed from 

The first process that one witnesses is thi.' priuting of the notes. In 



74 hunter's official guide book. 

this 500 employes are engaged. The paper used is the peculiar silk- 
fibered paper made at the Crane Mills in Dalton, Mass. Its manufac- 
ture is a closely guarded trade secret, and the law forbids possession 
by others of any such paper or its imitation. It is received in packages 
of 1,000 sheets. This 1,000 count, beginning at the paper mill in Mass- 
achusetts, is maintained throughout every department of the Bureau, 
and is continued after the notes reach the Treasury. To each press- 
man 1,000 sheets are given at a time. The printing is done on hand- 
presses. Each pressman has a young woman assistant. Each sheet 
makes four notes. A pressman prints 500 sheets a day, on one side 
only. From this floor the printed sheets go to the one below, where 
the count is verified. Then they pass to the numbering machines, 
which impress upon them in blue ink the distinctive series letter and the 
number of each note. The machines are purely automatic as to the 
progression of the numbers. The numbered notes are counted for the 
last time, and wrapped in packages of 1,000 sheets each, to be taken 
to the Treasury. 

There are fourteen departments and 1.400 employes; each piece of 
work passes through the hands of thirty different people. An elaborate 
system of receipting prevails, and at the closing hour everything is de- 
livered into the hands of the custodians, and every count is verified 
before the force is dismissed. The rule prevails not only here, but in 
the Issue and Redemption Divisions in the Treasury Building. 

HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING. 

An ofifice building for the use of members of the House of Repre- 
sentatives. It occupies the block on B street, between New Jersey 
avenue and First street. Southeast of the Capitol. A similar building 
for the use of the Senate, is erecting northeast of the Capitol, covering 
the entire block bounded by First, B, Second and C streets. The 
buildings are of white marble and are precisely alike as to exterior. The 
House building contains 410 rooms; that of the Senate 99. The build- 
ings are connected with the Capitol by subways. The approjiriation 
for each building was $2,500,000. 

THE ENECL'TIXE MANSION OR WHITE HOUSE. 

The Executive Mansion, more commonly called the White House, 
has gained for itself a world-wide reputation in a century's existence. 
George Washington was present at the laying of the corner stone in 
1792, in what then was simply David Burns' old fields stretching down 
to the I'otomac (for this was the first public building to be erected), 
but John Adams was the first President to live in the building ( 1800), 
which was still so new and damp that his wife was obliged to have a 
literal house-warming to dry the interior sufficiently for safely to 
health. Its cost, up to that time, had been about $250,000. 

The architect, James Hoban, who had won reputation by building 
son:e of the fine houses on the Battery in Charleston, took his idea 
of the mansion from the house of the Irish Duke of Leinster, in Dublin, 
who had, in turn, copied the Italian style. The material is \'irginia 
.sandstone, the length is 170 feet, and the width 86 feet. The house 



Ill'XTliK S (»I"I"K1.\I, Ct'lDK r.OOK. T) 

Stands scjuarely north and south, is of two stories and a basement, has 
a heavy bahistradc alono- the eaves, a semicirctilar colonnade on the 
south side (facing the river and finest grounds), and a grand portico 
and portc-cocJicrc on the northern front, added in Jackson's time. Its 
cost, to the present, exceeds $1,500,000. In 1814 the British set fire to 
the building, but heavy rains extinguished the conflagration before it 
had greatly injured the walls. Three years later the house had been 
restored, and the whole was then painted white, to cover the ravages 
of fire on its freestone walls, a color which has been kept ever since, 
and is likely to remain as long as the old, house does, not only because 
of the tradition, but because it is really eflfective among the green foliage 
in which the mansion is ensconced. It was reopened for the New \'ear's 
Day reception of President Monroe in 1818. Alterations and addi- 
tions to the WHiite House were made in 1902-03. 




yc^; 







U. S. Agricultural Department 



Occupying large groimds between Fourteenth and Twelfth streets. 
S. \\'.. anfl reached from Pennsylvania avenue bv street cars on both 
those streets, and from the Capitol bv the P.olt Pino along Maryland 



76 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



avenue and B street, S. W., is the headquarters of the Department of 
Agriculture. This popular Department grew out of the special inter- 
est which early patent commissioners took in agricultural machinery, 
improvements, and the collection and distribution of seeds— a function 
that formed a large part of its work until 1895. It was gradually 
separated from the Patent Office work, erected into a commissicnership, 
and finally (1889) w^as given the rank of an executive department, the 
Secretary of Agriculture being the last-added Cabinet officer. His 
office is in the brick building west of the Smithsonian grounds, and he 
has the help of an assistant secretary, to whom has been assigned the 
direction of the great amount of scientific work done, including the 
experiment stations, and the studies of fibers, irrigation, and the Depart- 
ment museum. 




The State, War, and Navy Department 

The Department of State stands first on the list, and occupies the 
south and noblest front of the State, War, and Navy Building — that 
towering pile of granite west of the White House, which has been so 
honestly admired bv the populace and so often condemned by critics. 



II r\Ti:K s < ii'i'Ki \i. (.iini; r.oi ik. 



77 



This building- is 471 feet hnv^ by 253 feet wide and surrounds a paved 
courtyard cuntaininy engine houses, etc. It is built, outwardly, of 
granite from X'irginia and Maine, and the four facades are substan- 
tially alike, though the south front, where space and slope of the 
ground favors, has a grander entrance than the other sides. The build- 
ing was begun in 1871 and not wholly finished until 1893. covers four 
and a half acres, contains two miles of corridor^, and c(;st $10,700,000. 
It is in charge of a superintendent. res]ionsible to a commission com- 
posed of the three Secretaries occupying it. 




Pension Office 



.\ prominent branch of tlie interior Department is the Pension Uu- 
reau, Hon. \'espasian \\ arner. Commissioner. This occui)ies an im- 
mense red brick building. 400 by 200 feet in dimensions and four stories 
high, standing in Judiciary Square, on G Street, between Fourth and 
Fifth. It has two gable roofs set crosswise and largely composed of 
glass, lighting the vast interior court. The structure is said to be fire- 
proof. A band of terra cotta. forming an ornamental frieze around 
the exterior of the building, just above the first-story windows, por- 



78 hunter's official guide book. 

trays a procession of spirited marching figures of soldiers of the late 
war — horse, foot, and dragoons. This is the only artistic thing about 
the building, and is worthy of a better setting. The offices, however, 
are more commodious and comfortable than many in more ornate edi- 
fices, and open upon tiers of galleries that surround all sides of a great 
tiled court. This court is broken by two cross rows of collossal col- 
umns and lofty arches sustaining the central part of the roof and 
painted in imitation of Sienna marble, while the lower gallery rests upon 
a colonnade of iron pillars, speckled counterfeits of Tennessee marble. 
The floor of the court is well filled with cases of drawers containing 
ihe papers of applicants for pensions, or an increase, so tidily arranged 
that the file of each man can be referred to without delay. It is very 
helpful, ho'wever, to know the registry number of the case, which is 
borne by every paper pertaining to it. The United States Pension 
Agency, where local pensioners are paid, is now in this building. 

The spacious covered court of this building has been used for the 
giving of the inaugural balls, which custom decrees shall take place on 
the evening of the day each new President is ushered into office. It is 
said that 18,000 persons were crushed into the court of the Pension 
Office Building at the last inaugural ball held here, and the crowds pre- 
vented any dancing or other real enjoyment of the festivities, which 
resulted only in injury to health, costly toilets, and the building. 

LIST OF PRINCIPAL HOTELS. 

Albany — Seventeenth and Eighth streets — European plan. 

ArdmorE, TiiE^Thirteenth Street, between Pennsylvania Avtnue 
and F Street — American plan. 

ARLiNGTON^Lafayette Square — American plan. 

Bancroft- — Eighteenth and H Streets — American plan. 

Barton — Fifteenth Street (near U. S. Treasury) — European plan. 

Buckingham — 918 Fifteenth Street, N. W. — American plan. 

Cairo — O Street, between Sixteenth and Seventeenth Streets — 
.\n:erican plan. 

Cochran — Fourteenth and K Streets — American plan. 

Colonial — Fifteenth and H Streets — American plan. 

CraFTOn^ — Connecticut Avenue and De Sales Street — American plan. 

Dewey — L Street, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth Streets — 
.\merican plan. 

Ebbitt — F and Fourteenth Streets — American plan. 

Everett — H and Eighteenth Streets — American plan. 

Fredonia — H and Twelfth Streets — American plan. 

Gordon — Sixteenth and I Streets — American and European plans. 

Hamilton — Fourteenth and K Streets — American plan. 

Johnson — Pennsylvania Avenue and Thirteenth Street — Eur(>pean 
plan. 

La Fetra's — Eleventh and G Streets — American plan. 

Lincoln— Tenth and H Streets — American plan, $2.00 per day and 
up ; European plan. 



llU.VTi;!-: S ol-FICIAI, (U-'IDl' liOOK. 711 

JMin'KOPOLiTAN — Pennsylvania Avenue. Ixtwcen Sixth and Seventh 
Streets — American plan. 

AIoNTRosic — Corner of Fourteenth and 11 vStreets — European plan. 

National — Pennsylvania .\ venue, between Fifth and Sixth Streets — 
American plan. 

NoRMAXDiK — Mcpherson Square — American plan. 

Oxford— Xew York .\venue and Fourteenth Street — American plan, 
plan. 

Ralkigii — Pennsylvania .\ venue and Twelfth Street — European 
plan. 

Regent — Pennsylvania .\venue and Fifteenth Street — American 
plan. 

Rhode Island — Rhode Island .Vvenue — American plan. 

RiCHMOND^Seventeenth and H Streets — .American and European 
plans. 

RiGGS — Fifteenth and G Streets — .American plan. 

St. James — Pennsylvania Avenue and Sixth Street — European plan. 

St. Louis — Fourteenth and H Streets — .\merican plan.- 

Shore II AM — Fifteenth and T Streets — American and European plans. 

V.\RNUM — New Jersey Avenue and C Street. S. E. — .American plan. 

Vendome — Pennsylvania Avenue and Third Street — American plan. 

New Willard — Pennsylvania .Avenue and Fourteenth Street — 
American plan. 

The Reliance — 119 Pennsylvania .\venue, N. W. — For men only. 

CHIEF MAJOR RICHARD SYLVESTER. 

Major Richard Sylvester, the National Capital's Chief of Police, is 
beyond doubt or peradventure one of those special creations, like 
Fouche under Napoleon, destined by nature to fill a certain vacuum in 
society. For more than a quarter of a century he has been at the head 
of our National police force and if the mistakes he has made in that 
time were enumerated or counted against him he would need no other 
eulogy than their publication. 

Entering the Police Department as property clerk under the late 
Major Aloore, he by force of character, forged his way to the head of 
the force while still a young man. There is no other city in the United 
States which presents such difficulties to the police department as the 
City of Washington. In round numbers there are one hundred thou- 
sand colored denizens of the city and double that number of wliites. 
The foreign ambassadors and legations have to be protected — a sacred 
duty in all nations — and the richest people residents from the various 
states who have made Washington their temporary or permanent 
home. Washington next to Paris is the gayest and most beautiful city 
in the world, always full of visitors and strangers, a vast number of them 
unsophisticated and easy prey, within or without the law, for the prowl- 
ing footpad or more adroit and oily confidence man. Washington's 
gayety. it need hardly be observed, is not of the vicious Parisian kind, 
but it is nevertheless fascinating enough to allure the unsophisticated 



80 hunter's official guide book. 

into pitfalls. Chief Sylvester's fundamental idea in the police govern- 
ment of cities is to prevent rather than to punish crime. Hence his 
stalwart patrolmen are ever on the alert to "nip in the bud" all attempts 
at crime of whatsoever character. Unlike his great prototype Fouche, 
who permitted things to develop and come to a head, Major Sylvester 
chops ofif the embryo footpad, burglar, house-breaker and confidence 
man before he has even a chance to develop his scheme. The one is 
the French style, the other the American or Sylvesterian. We prefer 
the latter, it saves the victim and may reform the would-be perpetrator. 
The Major is a man whose equanimity cannot be disturbed. He 
is never astonished nor aggrieved. His self poise is remarkable. His 
responsibility for protection to life and property in the Nation's Capital 
is fully realized, but there is no "fuss," no excitement, no gesticulation 
when a great crime is reported at Headquarters any more than when 
some colored footpad snatches a ladies' pocket book. The Chief is 
imperturbable. His orders are issued quietly but comprehensively. 
The criminal is run down and is soon in the hands of his detectives, 
and the routine or discipline of the department proceeds along the 
"even tenor of its way," where every piece of machinery is oiled and 
geared to prevent jar or friction, no matter what happens. As we go 
to press the Congress called for some criminal statistics from the de- 
partment. They were promptly furnished. Here they are slightly con- 
densed : 

"Petty or simple assault is defined as embracing anything in the way 
of disorder, from touching with the hand to striking a blow, and in 
two years this character of misdemeanor aggregated 3.572 cases. There 
were 3,369 arrests made and 2,586 convictions, 2,903 being males and 
466 females ; 824 white and 2,545 colored. 

"During the two-year period there were 34 cases of assault and rob- 
bery on the streets and highways, 20 arrests (5 white and 15 colored; 
18 niales and 2 females), with 16 convictions. The latter number 
would have been greater but for the indisposition on the part of some 
persons to appear in court to prosecute. 

"There were in the twO' years three cases of assault and robbery in 
the parks ; three arrests, and three convictions, two white and one 
colored. 

"The number of attempts at assault and robbery on the highway was 
five, with five arrests and three convictions ; two white and three colored. 

"There is no such charge as burglary in the District, but any one 
who enters a house, room, boat, railroad car, or yard where coal or 
merchandise is stored for sale, by breaking in in any manner, is guilty 
of housebreaking, and in two years these cases aggregated 466. There 
were 270 arrests and 214 convictions, 78 white and 192 colored. In 
many instances there was refusal to prosecute or the charge reduced to 
larceny. 

"The report shows the number of privates in the police force, includ- 
ing 20 detectives, to be 658, from which were deducted 20 sick, 26 on 
leave under the law, i suspended, 78 detailed, 104 on post duty, and 20 
detective assignments, leaving 409 for patrol duty on beats. In other 



IIUNTKk's OFFICIAL C.LUDI': liOOK. 81 

cities the detailed and post duty men are specially pruvitletl, separate 
from the regular force for street patrol. The duties of every indi- 
vidual detailed arc specially set forth, and the necessity therefor clearly 
shown. 

"The extent of the District jurisdiction is set forth as nearly 70 square 
miles, including over 80 villages and towns, besides Washington and 
Georgetown. The population of these villages ranges from 200 to 
3.489, and the names of over 60 of them, with separate number of in- 
habitants, is given. It is contended that one patrolman can better 
care for and protect 1,000 population concentrated in a small area 
than he can 1,000 scattered over an extensive territory. 

"A most interesting comparison with other cities is cited, from official 
figures. Bufifalo is given 549 men, 20.7 policemen to 1,000 acres of 
police jurisdiction, 543.2 arrests to the 10,000 population, and 16. i per 
cent of all municipal expenditures for police purposes. 

"Newark is given 382 men, 35.8 to the 1,000 acres, 266.2 arrests to 
10,000 population, and 13.9 per cent of the whole expense for police. 
"Jersey City, 307 men, 36.9 to the 1,000 acres, 445.9 arrests to 
10,000 population, 21.3 per cent of all expense for police. 

"Atlanta is given 178 men, 23.2 to the 1,000 acres, 1,674.3 arrests 
.0 10.000 population, 15.1 per cent of all expense for police. 

"lialtimore is given 701 men, 36.3 to the 1,000 acres, 631.4 arrests 

to 10,000 population, and 15.9 per cent of all expense for the police. 

"The District of Columbia is given 462 men, 12 to the 1,000 acres, 

1,087.5 arrests to 10,000 population, and 14. i per cent expenditure 

of the whole for the police." 

The report is a most admirable and convincing argument as to the 
efficiency of the District police organization. The comparisons are 
from the government census. 

Major Sylvester's genius in police and criminal matters is recognized 
all over the United States. For the third time he has been elected 
President of the Police Chiefs Association of the United States. The 
crhninologist recognizes him as a man who has given that science 
some thought and study. He has introduced the Ijertillion system 
of measurement for criminals, and if there is one thing the roving 
criminal dreads more than the "stir" (penitentiary) it is the Per- 
tillion measurement. He can't outgrow it, nor can he perform any 
special operation to defeat it. It is pleasant to announce that Major 
Sylvester is still in the possession of full manly vigor and the best 
of health, and at present writing actively i)rcparing for the inaugura- 
tion of President (elect) W. H. Taft. 

The roving criminals know what that means ! 

THE IN.XUr.URAP PAR ADK. 

Right opposite C. T. Hunter's Bicycle and Sanitary i;)ust Killing 
Floor Oil emporium is the Peace Memorial, heretofore mentioned in 
TiiF. Guide. .\t this particular space the Inaugural parade and its 
participants become most dramatic and interesting. The President 
(elect) has been sworn in by the Chief Justice of the Sniirome Courl 



82 hunter's official guide book. 

and thus becomes the President (de facto) of the United States; while 
his predecessor, who rode by his side in the carriage along Penn- 
sylvania avenue to the Capitol, as President of the United States, 
returns in the carriage by the side of his successor, from the Peace 
Memorial (in front of C. T. Hunter's store, as stated), as a private 
citizen shorn of all the power and prestige, greater than any king or 
monarch of the old world, and is again but a simple, plain citizen of 
the Republic he had ruled for four or eight years, as the case may 
be. Tens of thousands, it can be said without exaggeration, line the 
broad steps of the Capitol, its corridors and every vantage point 
where the ceremonies can be seen, heard, or even fitful glimpses 
obtained of this great transmission of power. These thousands ex- 
tend on both sides of the street in front of C. T. Hunter's place in 
solid columns, until the immense throng gradually unwinds itself along 
the great Avenue and finds standing room between the Peace Monu- 
ment and the White House, where the parade comes to an end. 

As each Inaugural Day comes around, Mr. C. T. Hunter trans- 
forms his place of business into a spacious lunch room, where coffee 
and sandwiches may be. had at the usual price. He has incurred the 
enmity of some of the people in this line of business because he 
refuses to raise the price of an excellent cup of cofifee and a ham, 
egg, etc. sandwich to more than ten cents. It is not, indeed, in Mr. 
Hunter's line of busuiess to conduct lunch counters, although he has 
owned, operated, and had large experience in running them ; nor is it to 
make the nimble dime or dollar that he opens a large "lunch and 
eating" room in his store. His real, main, and only object is to 
advertise his business and at the same time serve his fellow citizens 
by keeping down the exorbitant prices demanded by the professional 
caterers of this class. Hence his lunch room on Inaugural Day 
is patronized by the best class of visitors, who leave the city with 
the most pleasing impressions and feelings of gratitude to the man 
who took care of and fed them at the customary prices prevailing 
in other cities. 

Therefore the coming visitors are admonished that at C. T. Hunter's 
Lunch Room in front of the Peace Memorial, No. 113 Pennsylvania 
avenue N. W. , the best and most dramatic view of the Inaugural 
parade can be had, the most spacious space to stand and view the 
great procession; the finest and, best cup of cofifee to be had in Wash- 
ington for FIVE CENTS, and any kind of sandwich — egg, ham. cheese, 
etc., for five cents. 

Mr. Hunter guarantees to have sufiicient help to wait upon patrons, 
though they may come in thousands. Many of the intending atten- 
dants upon the inauguration of Mr. Taft will remember the fair 
treatment they received at Hunter's at the inaugurals of Presidents 
McKinley and Roosevelt. These he welcomes particularly, and all 
visitors generally, and he desires The Guide to notify one and all 
that he will be "on the job" with his customary centiped energy 
and ant-like capacity, for "doing things" beyond size, weight or 
endurance. 



IIUNTICR's OFI'ICIAI. (.1 IDi; lUHiK. S3 

STATIES AND MONUMENTS. 

DuPOXT — Dupont Circle— Rcai-Admiral Samuel Francis Dupoiii. 
Farragut — Farragut Stiuarc. — Atlniiral i3avid Glascoc Farra^ut. 
'!ronze cast from guns of the tlasj;ship Hartford. 

Fraxklix — Pennsylvania avenue. Tenth and IJ streets. — l^enjamin 
Franklin — Printer. Patriot. Philospher. Philanlhroi)ist. 

Fredkkick Till' Gki:.vt.— A statue presented by Emperor William 
has been placed in the i^rounds of the War College. .\ most inap- 
]>ropriate place for the type of ruler he represented , and, still more 
inapproi)riate as a soldier. The man who made war upon a woman 
and ran away in his first battle is not much of an inspiration to 
.\merican students of war. He took Silesia from Maria Theresa 
and was half musical button, poet, dreamer and autocrat. Put the 
statue in tlie New Museum! 

G.vKFiKi.i). — Maryland avenue entrance to Capitol grounds. 
CiRAXT. — .V statue of Gen. L'. S. Grant, by H. M. Shrady, for 
which Congress has appropriated $250,000. will be placed in the Mall 
south of the White House. 

GrKKXK. — Stanton Square. — Gen. Nathaniel Greene. The imiform is 
that of the Continental .\rmy. 

Gross. — Smithsonian g'rounds. near Medical Museum — Dr. Samuel 
D. Gross, distinguished .\merican physician and surgeon. 

H.\iixi-:m.\xx — Scott Circle. — Christian Samuel Friedrich Hahne- 
mann, German physician, founder of homoeopathy. 

Haxcock — Pennsylvania avenue and Seventh street. — Maj.-Gen. 
Winfield Scott Hancock. 

Hkxkv. — Smithsonian groimds. — Joseph Henry, first Secretary of 
the Smithsonian Institution. 

J.\CKS().\ — Lafayette Square. — Gen. Andrew Jackson, here presented 
as the hero of the l^>attle of New Orleans. The bronze was cast 
from cannon taken in Jackson's campaigns, and the cannon were 
contemporary. .\ replica is in Jackson Square. New Orleans. 

LaF.wktti:. — Madison Place and Pemisylvania avenue. — By the 
French sculptors Falquiere and Mercier. Provided by Congress to 
commemorate the distinguished services of Lafayette and other French 
officers in the cause of the Colonies. Lafayette is represented in the 
imiform of the Continental .\rmy. .\merica extends to him a sword. 
The other figures of the group are Rochambeau. Duportail. D'Estaing 
and De Grasse. 

Lixcoi.x. — Fourth and D streets. — .\braham Lincoln. 
LixcoLX — r^incoln Park. — Fjuancipation ^[onunlent, representing 
Lincoln as the emancipator. 

LiNCOLX. — .\ Lincoln memorial on tlie bank <>f the Potmnac west 
of the Washington Monument. 

TvOGAN — Towa Circle. — Gen. John .\. I^ogan. 

Li'TiiF.R — Thomas Circle. — Martin Luther. Replica of statue at 
Worms, Germanv. 



84 hunter's official guide book. 

McPherson — McPherson Square. — Gen. James B. McPherson, 
Erected by the Society of the Army of the Tennessee. 

Marshall — Capitol west terrace. — John Marshall, Chief Justice 
of the United States from 1801 to 1885. The figures in the panels, 
of Italian marble, are Minerva Dictating the Constitution to Young 
America, and Victory Leading Young America to Swear Fidelity at 
the Altar of the Union. 

Naval Monument, or Monument of Peace, Pennsylvania avenue 
at the foot of Capitol Hill. 

Pike — Indiana avenue and Third street. — General Albert Pike, 
Rawlins — Pennsylvania avenue, Louisiana avenue and Ninth street. 
— Gen. John A. Rawlins. 

Rochambeau — Lafayette Square. — Jean Baptiste Donatien de 
Vimeure, Comte de Rochambeau. Presented by France in 1902. 
ScoTT — Scott Circle.— Gen. Winfield Scott. 
Scott — Soldiers' Home grounds. 

Sherman — Equestrian statue south of Treasury. Gen. William T. 
Sherman. 

The Sheridan equestrian statue is agreed by cities to be one of the 
finest in Washington. The dashing cavalry general looks inspired by 
the fury of combat. 

Thomas — Thomas Circle. — Gen. George H. Thomas. Erected by 
the Society of the Army of the Cumberland. 

Washington — Washington Circle. — George Washington. Wash- 
ington is represented as he appeared at the Battle of Princeton, 
Jan. 3, 1777, when he checked the retreat of Mercer's wavering militia 
and turned defeat into victory. 

Washington — Esplanade east of Capitol. Removed recently to the 
New National Museum. The statue excited much comment as the 
figure was represented dressed in the toga of a Roman Senator. The 
museum was thought an appropriate place for its housing. 

THE OCTOPUS OF WASHINGTON. 

The Washington Gas Company (John R. McLean, publisher of 
The Washington Post) is having rough sledding this term of Con- 
gress. Whether anything beneficial to the people results from the 
almost continuous agitation remains to be seen. Naturally the gas 
company has few friends outside its pay roll. In fact, there is an 
almost universal public opinion in favor of a lower price for illuminat- 
ing gas and a determined public opposition against the monopoly 
'■watering" its stock, in the latest ingenious method evolved by 
the company's attorneys. The Congress, it seems, has made more 
than the ordinary perfunctory investigation of the Gas Company'5 
financial affairs, and it is predicted that this time the monopoly 
will be 'forced to toe the mark. The combined millions of INIcLean 
and Walsh are a power in the Nation's Capital, even the Congress 
must treat with consideration the younger McLean, who will, in 
the ordinary course of nature soon step into his father's shoes. He is 



hunter's official guide nooK. 85 

a trained business man, and is allied by marriage to even greater wealth 
than he will inherit from his father. If the editor, McLean, in the 
almost sunset of life has been able to stand off the entire city and 
Congress after Congress, what will the younger scion of the house, 
with his splendid vitality and trained business education, be enabled 
to do in perpetuating the evils now complained of by the District 
consumers of gas? 

The fight against these evils must be pressed now as well as ever, but 
especially note. The public conscience does not always remain aroused, 
while slow acting conimittees take things "under consideration." 
While public sentiment is active and vigilant, much can be accomplished. 
Hence it behooves those conducting the fight against the Gas Company 
to "strike the iron while it is hot," and muster all the strength pos- 
sible with the Congress to the end that relief may be had speedily. 

The Standard Oil Company, with all the clamor and justifiable 
criticism of its boa-constrictor methods, does not earn dividends in 
excess of the Washington Gas Company. Why consumers should be 
compelled to pay the present price per thousand feet, when 
it has been clearly demonstrated that two-thirds' the price now charged 
would net the stockholders not less than ten per cent and, even as 
high as fifteen to twenty per cent, no fair-minded person can offer 
excuse or solution. Indeed, so enormous are the Company's earn- 
ings, that it has tried for years by hook or by crook to increase the 
capitalization (water its stock) and thus reduce its annual dividends 
to the point where they will not excite agitation and criticism. It 
takes the people a long time to obtain redress of grievances when 
an appeal to legislation is their only remedy, as in this District, but 
in the end the people will win out, and those who oppose public 
opinion for price or interest, lose not only the fight but their reputa- 
tions and standing in the community. 

SWE.\RING IN THE PRESIDENT. 

The official committee, having in charge the inaugural of Presi- 
dent (elect) Taft. has issued a programme covering the swearing in 
of the President, by the Chief Justice of the United States. 

In the programme just issued the committee succinctly states the 
arrangements by which the ceremonies are to be regulated, and de- 
fines the privileges to be enjoyed by those holding tickets to the vari- 
ous portions of the stand from which Mr. Taft will deliver his inaug- 
ural address. The stand will seat 6.000 persons. 

On reaching the platform the President and President-elect will 
take the seats reserved for them, the Chief Justice on their right 
and the committee of arrangements and the Sergeanr-at-arms of the 
vSenate on their left. 

Ex-Vice Presidents, associate Justices of the Supreme Court, the 
Vice President, Secretary, members of the Senate, and ex-Senators 
will occupy seats on the right. 

The retiring members of the House and members-elect will be 



86 hunter's official guide look. 

seated on the right of the President next to and behind the Senate. 

The diplomatic corps will occupy the seats on the left of the Presi- 
dent, governors of States and Territories, heads of departments, the- 
Admiral of the navy, the Chief stafif of the army, and the officers of 
the army and navy who, by name, have received the thanks of Con- 
gress, will take seats on the left of the President. 

Such other persons as are not included in the preceding arrangements 
will occupy the residue of the platform. 

When all are assembled, the oath of office will be administered to 
the President-elect by the Chief Justice, or," in his absence, by the 
senior Justice present. 

The theaters in Washington attract the finest traveling comi)anies, 
including occasional grand opera. The newest and most ornate house 
is the Belasco Theater, occupying a historic site on Madison i^lace, 
Lafayette square. Another large theater is Chase's Grand ( )pera 
House, on Pennsylvania avenue, near Fifteenth street, now devoted 
to vaudeville. The new National Theater, on Pennsylvania avenue, 
between Thirteenth and Fourteenth streets, is of great capacity and 
comfort, and holds the popularity it gained long ago. The Academy 
of Music is another well-known house, at Ninth and D streets. 
The Columbia is the newest addition to the commendable theaters. It 
is at 1 1 12 F street, occupying what formerly was Metzerott Hall. 
Kernan's Lyceum, at 1014 Pennsylvania avenue, and Butler's P)ijou, 
give variety shows. 

Certain churches are the principal places for lectures and the like, 
but scientific lectures are usually heard in the hall at the National 
Museum, or in the lecture-room of the Cosmos Club. 

Convention Hall is an immense arched apartment over a market 
where New York avenue crosses L and Fifth streets, and is intended 
for the use of conventions. 

The clubs of the capital are not among its "sights." but should receive 
a few words. Most prominent among them is the Metropolitan, 
characterized elsewhere. Next in social importance, probably, is the 
Army and Navy, which has a handsome six-story building opposite 
the southeastern corner of Farragut square. Its triangular lot has 
enabled the architect to make a series of very charming principal 
rooms, in the northwestern front, where the sunshine streams in nearly 
all day. These and the many connecting apartments are luxuriously 
furnished and adorned with pictures, including original portraits of 
a dozen or more of the principal commanders of the army and navy, 
from Paul Jones to W. T. Sherman. Only those identified with some 
military organization are eligible to membership, but the club is very 
liberal in extending a welcome to visiting militiamen, foreign military 
men, and others suitably introduced. One feature of this club is the 
informal professional lecture given to the members once a moiitli by 
some expert. 

The Columbia Athletic Club is a large association of young men. 
partly social and partly athletic, which has a field in the gardens of 
the old Vein Ness mansion. .Mlied to them, within the citv, are several 



iir.\ ti'.k's t)i"i-ici.\L (.I'lDi-: ihmik. 87 

clubs of amateur photographers, golf pla\ers, bicycle riders, tennis 
and ball players, and boatmen, Washington being a place famous for 
oarsmen. The two women's clubs must not be forgotten. One is 
the fashionable Washington Club, on H street, opposite the French 
Embassy, anil the other the Working Women's Club, a purely social 
organization, at 606 Eleventh street, composed of women who earn 
their living — physicians, journalists, stenographers, etc. Ijoth these 
clubs give teas, musicals, and other feminine enteitainments. The 
Alibi is a coterie of well-fed gentlemen who give charming feasts, 
largely of their own cooking, and cultivate a refined Bohemianism ; 
while the Gridiron is a dining-club of newspaper men, who have a jolly 
dinner among themselves once a month, and an annual spread to 
which all the great men availal)le are invited, and where most of them 
are good-naturedly guyed. 

The Young Men's Christian Association flourishes here — and in 
1898 took possession of the fine house and gymnasium built by the 
Columbia Athletic Clul) on G street near Nineteenth. 

FAMorS STREETS. SQUARES. .\X1) RESIDENCES. 

The only residence of the President of the I'nited States, in Wash- 
ington, is the Executive Mansion : but that is rather more uncomfort- 
able than the average Washington house in midsummer, and all the 
later Presidents have been accustomed to seek a country home during 
hot weather. President Lincoln used to live in a cottage at the Soldiers' 
Home ; President Grant spent one summer in the same house, and Presi- 
dent Hayes occu])ied it every summer during his term. 

The Secretary of State lives in his own house. Sixteenth and H 
streets; the Secretary of the Treasury at No. 1715 Massachusetts 
avenue; and the Secretary of War at No. 1626 Rhode Island 
avenue. The .\ttorney-General and the Postmaster-General are on the 
same block, at Nos. 1707 and 1774 respectively; the Secretary of 
the Navy lives at The Portland ; the Secretary of the Interior at The 
Arlington ; and the Secretary of Agriculture at 1022 Vermont avenue. 

^Ir. Chief Justice Fuller resides in his own house. Xo. 1801 F street; 
Mr. Justice Harlan on Meridian Hill; Mr. Justice Gray at No. 1601 
I street; Mr. Justice P>rewer at No. 1412 Massachusetts avenue; Mr. 
Justice Brown at No. 1720 Sixteenth street; Mr. Justice Shiras at 
No. 1515 Massachusetts avenue; Mr. Justice White at No. 1717 Rhode 
Island avenue; and Mr. Justice Peckham at No. 1217 Connecticut 
avenue. 

Lafayette vSc|uare was the name selected by Washington himself 
for the square in front of the Executive Mansion, for which he fore- 
saw great possibilities ; but it remained a bare parade ground, with 
an oval race course at its west end, until after the disastrous days 
of 1814. Then, when the White House had been rehabilitated, a begin- 
ning was made by President Jefferson, who cut off the ends down to 
the present limits (Madison Place and Jackson Place"), and caused 
the trees to be planted. No doubt he had a voice in placing there, 



88 HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

in 1816, St. John's- — the quaint Episcopal church on the northern side — 
the first building on the Square. Madison, certainly, was greatly 
interested in it, and it became a sort of court church, for all the Presi- 
dents attended worship there, as a matter of course, down to Lincoln's 
time, and President Arthur since. Its interior is very interesting. 

Lafayette Square is now, perhaps, the pleasantest place to sit on 
a summer morning or evening among all the outdoor loitering places 
in this pleasant city. The trees have grown large, the shrubbery is hand- 
some — particularly that pyramid of evergreens on the south side — and 
great care is taken with the flower beds ; and finally, you may see all the 
world pass by, for this park is surrounded more or less remotely by the 
homes of the most distinguished persons in Washington. 

Two noteworthy statues belong to this park. One is the familiar 
equestrian statue of General and President Andrew Jackson, which 
is the work of Clark Mills, and probably pleases the populace more 
than any other statue in Washington, but is ridiculed by the critics, 
who liken it to a tin soldier balancing himself on a rocking-horse. 
It was cast at Bladensburg by Mills himself who was given cannon 
captured in Jackson's campaigns for material, and who set up a furnace 
and made the first successful large bronze casting in America. Another 
interesting fact about this statue is that the center of gravity is so 
disposed, by throwing the weight into the hind quarters, that the horse 
stands poised upon its hind legs without any support or the aid of 
any rivets fastening it to the pedestal. This statuu was erected in 
1853, and unveiled on the thirty-eighth anniversary of the battle of 
New Orleans. Its cost was $50,000, part of which was paid by the 
Jackson Monument Association. 

Starting at Pennsylvania avenue and walking north on Madison place 
(Fifteen-and-one-half street), the Belasco Theater rs immediately 
encountered, standing upon a famous site. The tall, brick house which 
it displaced was originally built by Commodore Rogers, but soon be- 
came the elite boarding-house of Washington, and numbered among 
its guests John Adams, John C. Calhoun, the fiery South Carolinian, 
while Monroe's Secretary of War and Jackson's Vice-President; and 
Henry Clay, when he was Adams' Secretary of State. Then it be- 
came the property of the Washington Club, and there assembled the 
rich and influential young men of the capital. Sickles and Key were 
both members, and the tragedy which associates their names took place 
in front of its door ; later it became the residence of Secretary Seward, 
and there the deadly assault was made upon him by the assassin, 
Payne, at the time of the assassination of Lincoln in 1865. Its next 
distinguished occupant was James G. Blaine, Secretary of State in 
the Harrison administration, and there he died. 

The fine yellow Colonial house next beyond, was formerly owned and 
occupied by Ogle Tayloe, son of John Tayloe, of the Octagon House 
and Mount Airy, Virginia, who was in the early diplomatic service, 
and one of the most accomplished Americans of his day. All of his 
rare and costly pictures, ornaments, and curios, including much that 
had belonged to Commodore Decatur, passed into possession of the 



lirNTKR"s (iri-ICIAI, GUIDE BOOK. 



89 




Gen. George B. McClellan ( "LittlelMac" ) 
Organizer and Commander of the First Fighting Volunteer (Union) Army"of the Civil War 



90 hunter's official guide book. 

Corcoran Art Gallery. A later occupant was Admiral Paulding, a 
son of John Paulding, one of the captors of Andre, who suppressed 
Walker's filibusters in Nicaragua. Lily Hammersley, now dowager 
Duchess of Marlborough, was born there, and some of the most bril- 
liant entertainments ever given in Washington have been under its 
roof. One of its latest occupants was Vice-President Hobart. In the 
next two houses have lived Secretary Windom, Senator Fenton, and 
Robert G. Ingersoll. 

The gray, mastic-stuccoed house on the corner of H street, now the 
Cosmos Clubhouse, has also known many celebrated characters. It 
was built about 1825, by Richard Cutts, the brother-in-law of the 
brilliant and versatile "Dolly" Madison, the wife of President Madison. 
It came into Mr. Madison's possession just before his death, some 
twenty years later, and thither his wife, no longer young, but still 
beautiful and witty, held court during her declining years. After Mrs. 
Madison's death this house was occupied by such tenants as Attorney- 
General Crittenden; Senator ■William C. Preston, afterward a Con- 
federate Brigadier ; and Commodore Wilkes, commander of the cele- 
brated exploring expedition, who, in 1861, was required to take his 
quondam near neighbor. Slidell, from the British steamer Trent. He • 
gave it up when the Civil War broke out, and was followed by Gen. 
George B. McClellan, who established here the headquarters of the 
Army of the Potomac. "A sight of frequent occurrence in those days," 
remarks Mrs. Lockwood, ''was the General with his chief of stafif, 
General Marcy, his aids. Count de Chartres and Count de Paris, with 
Prince de Joinville at their side, in full military costume, mounted, ready 
to gallop ofif over the Potomac hills." Now its halls, remodeled and 
extended, are trodden by the feet of men the most famous in the coun- 
try as the investigators and developers of scientific truth. 

Diagonally opposite the Cosmos Club, on H street, is the square brick 
Sumner house, now a part of the Arlington. Where the main body 
of the Arlington Hotel now stands, there were three stately residences. 
One was occupied by William L. Marcy, Secretary of War under Presi- 
dent Polk, and Secretary of State under President Pierce ; and when 
he retired, he was succeeded in this and the adjoining house by the 
Secretary of State, under Buchanan, Lewis' Cass, who, like Marcy, had 
.l)reviously held the war portfolio. In the third mansion dwelt Reverdy 
Johnson, minister to England ; and there Presidents Buchanan and 
Harrison were entertained prior to their inauguration; and there Patti, 
Henry Irving, President Diaz of Mexico, King Kalakaua, Dom Pedro, 
and Boulanger found seclusion. 

The great double mansion adjoining the Sumner and Pomeroy resi- 
dence (united as the H-street front of the hotel) was built by Mat- 
thew St. Clair Clarke, long clerk of the House of Representatives, and 
afterward became the British Legation. Here lived Sir Buhver Lytton, 
and his not less famous son and secretary, "Owen Meredith." Lord 
Lytton, who is supposed to have written here his most celebrated poem, 
"Lucile." In later years the house was occupied by Lord Ashburton, 
who, with Daniel Webster, drafted the "Ashburton treatv," which de- 



ihxtkr's t)rFici.\i. c.uidk isook. !)1 

fint'd our Canadian huumlarv. A still later occupant was John Nelson. 
Attorntv-General in Tyler's Cabinet. On the corner ©f Sixteenth street 
is St. John's Episcojial Church : ami. passing for the present other newer 
residences, antither old landmark calls for special attention. This is 
the Decatur House, facing the s(|uare on Seventeenth street, at the 
corner of H. and easily recognizecl by its ])yrami(lal slate roof. This, 
which was the first private residence on the s(|uarc. was constructed 
at the close of the War of 1812. by Commander Stephen Uecatur, the 
hero of Tripoli, and one of the most pojjular men of the time. He wa> 
the author of the maxim — more i^atriotic than righteous — uttered as 
a toast: "My country — may she always be right; but my country, 
right or wrong!" His house was adorned w-ith a multitude of trophies. 
'^iits from foreign rulers, and rare knickknacks picked up in all part> 
of the world : and here he was brought to die after his duel with 
Commodore l>arron in Bladensburg. in 1820. Afterward it was occu- 
pied by the Russian minister, and then bv Henry Clay, when he was 
.Secretary of State under John Ouincy Adams. W'hen Martin Nan 
r.uren succeeded him, he took this house and cut the window in the 
south wall, in order that he might see the signals displayed from the 
White House by "Old Hickory," whom he worshipped. He in turn 
gave u]) me nuuse to his successor. Edward Livingston, a brother of 
Chancellor Robert Livingston of New York, whose wife was that 
Madame ^loreau. whose wedding in New Orleans was so romantic, and 
whose daughter Cora was the reigning belle of Jackson's administra 
tion, as this house w^as its social center. Two or three foreign minis- 
ters and several eminent citizens filled it in succession, and gave brd- 
iiant parties at which Presidents were guests, the most recent of whom 
was Gen. E. F. Beale, under whose grandfather Decatur had served as 
midshipman. 

A few rods south, next the alley, is another house famous in the 
Ijast. It is one of the navy traditions that it was built by Doctor Ewell 
of that service, and occupied by three Secretaries of the Navy, one ot 
whom was the talented Levi Woodbury ; then it was the home of 
Senator Rives of \'irginia, grandfather of the novelist, Amelie Rives 
(Chandler), and afterward of Gen Daniel Sickles, whose tragedy i^ 
indelibly associated with this beautiful locality. 

In this same row. No. 22. is the former residence of William M. 
Marcy, Secretary of War. and afterward .Secretary of State (1853-57). 
Gen. J. G. Parke, who commanded the Fifth .Army Corjis, and was 
Chief-of-Staff to P>urnside, resided in No. 16; and No. 6 was the resi- 
dence of Mrs. Martha Reed, sister of the late .Admiral Dahlgren. Lov- 
trs of trees will take notice of the row of Chinese gingko trees, which 
shade the sidewalk' op])Ositf this row of houses, on the western margin 
of the sc|uare. 

Fourteenth street above this point has nothing of s])ecial interest, but 
-earch of the historic, picturesque, and personal features of Washinji 
ton's streets and squares. It is the great north-and-south line of travel, 
extending far rnt into the high northern suburb of Mount Pleasant. 
Franklin stiuare. between Fourteenth and Thirteenth, and T and K 



92 hunter's official guide book. 

streets comprises about four acres, densely shaded, and is a favorite 
place of resort ii] summer evenings. In its center is the spring of 
excellent water from which the White House is supplied, and where 
there is a public drinking fountain. The Franklin schoolhouse over- 
looks the square on the east, and the Hamilton and Cochran hotels 
are just above it on Fourteenth street. The church on the next corner 
(L street) is All Souls (Unitarian), diagonally opposite which is the 
Portland. This brings you to Thomas Circle, in the center of which 
is the bronze statue of Gen. George H. Thomas. 

Northwest of Thomas Circle, in front of Lutheran Memorial Church, 
stands one of the most artistic statues in the city, erected by the Luth- 
eran Church of America to Martin Luther. It was cast in Germany 
from the same molds as Rietschel's centerpiece of the celebrated 
memorial at Worms, and expresses the indomitable attitude of the great 
reformer on all questions of conscience. This statue is eleven feet in 
height and cost $10,000. 

Fourteenth street above this ponit has nothing of special interest, but 
is a handsome and busy highway; and its extension on the elevated 
ground of Meridian Hill, north of the city boundary, is rapidly being 
settled upon by important people. The gray stone castle, surrounded 
by large grounds, at the foot of the hill on the right, is called "Bel- 
mont," and belongs to A. L. Barber, owner of the Trinidad asphalt 
mines. Mrs. General Logan lives at Calumet Place, two blocks east, 
on the street north of "Belmont," where she has a cabinet of relics 
of her famous husband which is frequently visited by veterans of the 
war. Mr. Justice Harlan of the Supreme Court resides on the opposite 
side of the street, two blocks north, at Euclid Place. 

Following H street from Fourteenth westward, No. 1404, now known 
as the Elsmere Hotel, was for many years the residence of the late 
Zachariah Chandler. The Shoreham Hotel, the Colonial Hotel, and 
the George Washington University occupy the other corners, the new 
Law School of the latter conspicious on H street. 

The George Washington University is one of the oldest and best- 
equipped schools of higher learning at the capital. It has a preparatory 
school and departments of undergraduate and postgraduate academic 
studies ; special courses in science (Corcoran Scientific School), of medi- 
cine and dentistry, and of law. Its endowments now amount to about 
$1,000,000, and its faculty and list of lecturers include a large number of 
men in public' life, from certain justices of the Supreme Court down. This 
is particularly true of the Corcoran Scientific School, where the lec- 
turers are all men identified with special investigations at the Smith- 
sonian, Geological Survey, or in some of the technical branches of the 
;\rmy or Navy. This university, which was aided at the beginning by the 
Government, has always had access to and made great use of the 
libraries and museums which abound here and are of so great educa- 
tional value. 

The Cosmos Club is a social club of men interested in science, of 
whom Washington now contains a greater number, and, on the average, 
a higher grade, than any other city. This is due to the employment 



HlNTliRS ol'l'lCI.M. I.LIDK liCMJK. 0:'{ 

and encouragement given by the Sniithspnian Institution, Agricultural 
Department, Geological and Coast Surveys, Fish Commission, Naval 
Observatory, technical departments of the Treasury, War, and Navy 
Departments, and two or three universities. This club may therefore 
be considered the intellectual center of the non-political life of the 
capital, and at any one of its delightful Monday evenings, half a hun- 
dred men of high attainments and wide reputation may be seen, and 
the conversation heard is, in its way, as interesting and inspiring as 
anvthing to be listened to in the land. The historic old house has been 
somewhat modified, chiefly by the addition of a large hall, which may 
be shut off from the remaining rooms and used as a meeting-room ; and 
there the Philosophical, Biological, Geographic, and kindred societies 
hold their meetings on stated evenings. 

The Arlington Hotel, including the former residences of Senators 
Sumner and Pomeroy, is diagonally opposite the Cosmos ; and next 
beyond is the "Ikilwer House," and then St. John's Episcopal Church. 
All these face Lafayette square and have been elsewhere described. On 
the farther corner of Sixteenth street, opposite St. John's, is the beau- 
tiful home of the late Secretary of State, John Hay, the author of 
"Little Breeches," and, with Mr. Nicolay, of the principal biography 
of Lincoln. The yellow house. No. 1607, next beyond, was built and 
for many years occupied by Com. Richard Stockton, who added to a 
glorious naval record in the Mediterranean and West Indies the estab- 
lishment of American rule in California in 1845. Later it was ten- 
anted by Slidell, who, with Mason, was sent by the Confederate govern- 
ment to England as a commissioner, but was captured on the Trent by 
his quondam neighbor. Commodore M'ilkes, who then lived in the 
present home of the Cosmos Club; it was the residence of Mr. Lament 
when Secretary of War. The adjoining house on the corner of Seven- 
teenth street — which was for many years the residence of the late W. 
W. Corcoran, the philanthropic banker, to whom the city owes the 
Corcoran Gallery, the Louise Home, and other enterprises and bene- 
factions — is another of the famous homes of old Washington, and has 
been the residence of several men of note, including Daniel Webster. 
It was occupied by Senator Calvin S. Brice during the later years of 
his life. 

Crossing Connecticut avenue, the corner house is that of the late 
.Admiral Shubrick, opposite which (on Seventeenth), facing the S(|uare, 
is the ancient Decatur House. Next beyond. No. 162 1 H street, is the 
residence of Judge J. C. Bancroft Davis. In the old-fashioned square 
house adjoining it, to the west, George Bancroft spent the last twenty 
years of his life, and completed his History of the United States. 
The Richmond, on the corner of Seventeenth street, is a popular family 
hotel. The Albany, on the other side, is an apartment house for gentle- 
men ; and on the southwest corner is the Metropolitan Club, the largest, 
wealthiest, and most fashionable club in Washington, one rule of which 
is that members of the foreign diplomatic service, resident in Washing- 
ton, are ex officio members of the club, and need only pay stipulated 
dues in order to take advantage of its privileges. This block <mi II 



9-4 HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

street between Seventeenth and Eighteenth streets is famiHarly l-.nown 
as the Midway Plaisance. Adjoining the AletropoHtan Chib are ckib 
chambers for gentlemen, and the large yellow house, next westward, 
was the home'of Admiral Porter, of the United States Navy. It is 
now the French Embassy. The Milton and Everett are family ai)art- 
ment houses; and No. 1739 was the residence of the late William 
.\. Richardson, formerly Secretary of the Treasury, and afterward 
Chief Justice of the Court of Claims. 

In this neighborhood dwelt many old Washington fauMlies and some 
modern notabilities. The Everett House, on the southeast corner of 
Eighteenth and G, is historic. It was built and occupied by Edward 
Everett of Massachusetts, when Secretary of State under Fillmore. 
.\fterward it was the home of Jefiferson Davis, when Secretary of War, 
after his marriage with his second wife. He continued there during his 
term as Secretary of State, but not after he returned to the Senate. 
His successor in the house was another traitor in high place, Jacob 
Thompson, Buchanan's Secretary of the Interior, who became a mem- 
ber of the Confederate Cabinet in 1861. Then followed Capt. Henry 
A. Wise, a well-known officer of the navy, after whom the medical de- 
partment of the navy used the house for many years. 

The Wirt House is a few rods to the east of the Edward Everett 
house, on G, between Seventeenth and Eighteenth, on the south side. 
It is so called because that eminent jurist lived here twelve years, dur- 
ing the administrations of Monroe and J. O. Adams. Mrs. Lockwood 
tells us that it is not known who built the house, but that it was occu- 
pied at the beginning of the century by Washington's private secretary. 
Col. Tobias Lear, a Revolutionary officer, who was the commissioner 
that concluded the peace with Tripoli. Wirt was United States At- 
torney-General from 1817 to 1829. His gardens were large and beau- 
tiful, for his wife was exceedingly fond of flowers and was the author 
of "Flora's Dictionary." The most brilliant entertainments of that day 
were given here, until Jackson's time, when it was sold and occupied 
later by a succession of Cabinet officers and high functionaries, one 
of whom gave a dinner to the Prince of Wales under its roof. Dur- 
ing or after the war it became the office of the Army Signal Corps: 
and there the present weather service was developed. 

Going westward on I street from Fourteenth street, the first house 
on the right is owned by John W. Foster, the diplomat, who was 
Secretary of State under Harrison and, later, advisory counsel to China 
in her settlement with Japan. The large brick house adjoining is the 
Mexican Legation. 

This pretty circular park, Dupont Circle, occupies the interior 
of the space made by the intersection here of Connecticut, Mas- 
sachusetts, and New Hampshire avenues, and P and Nineteenth 
streets. In its center stands the bronze statue of Admiral Samuel 
F. Dupont, a popular officer of the navy during the Civil War, which 
was designed by Launt Thompson, cost $10,000, and was unveiled in 
1884. Passing beyond Dupont Circle, the large red-brick house to 
the westward, on the point between P street and Massachusetts avenue. 



HL'NTKRS Ol'l-ICIAI. CriDE BOOK. O-") 

was erected by the late James G. lUaiue when he was Secretary of 
State in Garfield's Cabinet ; it still belongs to his estate. The gray 
house. No. 8. is known as Castle Stewart. It was for many years 
the Chinese Legation, and there was given the famous ball, in 1886. 
when Washington was scandalized by scenes of social riot. It is now 
the residence of its owner, Senator Stewart of Nevada. The big cream- 
colored house, with the lofty pillared portico, at No. 1400 New Hamp- 
shire avenue, opposite, is the property of the wealthy merchant. L. Z. 
Ltitcr, formerly of Chicago, whose daughter married Lord Curzon. 
the late viceroy of India. No. 161 1 Connecticut avenue is the home of 
IVfrs. Colton, whose husband was formerly treasurer of the Centra! 
Pacific Railroad. 

Connecticut avenue, from 11 street to the boundary, is the Sunday 
afternoon promenade. Starting northward upon our survey at 
Lafa\ette Square, where the gardens of the old Webster house fill the 
corner at the right, No. 814, was the residence, after the Civil War, 
of Admiral Wilkes, and is still occupied by his family. Just beyond 
is Farragut Square, a small, ])rettily planted ])ark, m the center of 
which is a statue to the hero of Mobile Hay and the Mississippi forts. 

The large gray house on the next corner. No. 1705 K street, was 
originally the residence of Alexander R. Shepherd, the rebuilder of 
Washington. It was for many years the Russian Legation. The houses 
hack of it are usually occupied by attaches of the different legations. 
The large brick building at the corner of L street, on the right, is a 
Catholic school for girls ; and the yellow house on the opposite corner 
of De Sales street is the Grafton Hotel. The handsome stone church, 
with the large square tower, is the Presbyterian Church of the Covenant. 
On the opposite corner, to the north, is the British Embassy. This is 
one of the few legations in Washington that are owned and not 
rented, by their governments, the others being those of Austria, Brazil, 
Germany. Japan, and Korea. It occupies the site, curiously enough, of 
the first and only cricket club at the capital, which ceased to play 
many years ago. 

Massachusetts avenue is one of the finest streets in the city, and a 
great promenade. It stretches parallel with Pennsylvania avenue from 
Hospital Square, on the Anacostia River, northwestward through Lin- 
coln Square, Stanton Square, Mount \^ernon Square — a pretty little 
park where New York avenue crosses Eighth and K streets, three 
blocks north of the Patent Office — Thomas Circle, Scott Circle, Dupont 
Circle, and Decatur Circle, where it l)ends slightly and is extended 
through the elegant suburb on the banks of Rock Creek, and so out 
to the hilly region north of Georgetown. An excellent view of this 
stately boulevard can be obtained at its junction with Twelfth street, 
which is one of the highest points in Washington. Ascension Epis- 
copal Church fills the northwest corner at this crossing. The brown- 
stone building surrounded by large grounds, on the south side of Mas- 
-sachusetts avenue between Fifteenth and Sixteenth streets, is the Louise 
Home. It was founded by the late W. W. Corcoran, and nearly all 
its inmates are widows of ex-Confederate officers belonging to the 



96 hunter's official guide book. 

aristocracy of the South, who lost their fortunes during- the 
war. Nearly opposite was the home of the late Professor Spencer 
F. Baird, long United States Fish Commissioner and Secre- 
tary of the Smithsonian Institution. The familiar name for Scott 
Circle, the locality around the statue of General Scott, at the junction 
of Massachusetts and Rhode Island avenues, Sixteenth and N streets, 
is "Calamity Circle," because every person who built a house there died 
shortly afterward, or met with misfortune. 

OFFICIAL ETIQUETTE AT THE CAPITAL. 

Washington society is distinguished from that of other cities mainly 
by its semi-official character, and a manner that is not reproduced in 
any other capital the world over. The official etiquette which sur- 
rounds its social observances is simple, and, although new conditions 
have tended to make some part of the code complex to those who would 
wish to see its rules as clearly defined as constitutional amendments, 
the most important of its customs have become laws which are gen- 
erally accepted. The ever-changing personality of the heads of the 
executive branches of the Government, and of the law-makers them- 
selves, together with that innate hatred for anything partaking too 
much of court ceremonial, precedence, etc., which is strong in the aver- 
age American, were good enough reasons for the last generation in 
leaving these questions unsettled, and will in all probability even bet- 
ter answer the bustling spirit of the present actors upon the social stage. 
To the stranger who wishes to meet persons of national prominence 
at official gatherings, and to catch, besides, a glimpse of that plant of 
slower and more substantial growth — residential society — the path can 
be made very easy and the way clear. 

The President, as the head of the nation, is entided to first place 
whenever he mingles in social life. Whether the second place belongs 
to the Vice-President or to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ha? 
not been defined any clearer than whether the Speaker of the House 
is entitled to precedence over members of the Cabinet. In the popular 
mind, the second place is accorded the Vice-President by virtue of hi? 
right of succession to the highest office in the gift of the people, by 
the death, resignation, or disability of the President. Since the passage 
of the Presidential Succession bill (January 19, 1886), the Cabinet is 
given precedence over the Speaker by the sapie process of reasoning. 

The official social season extends from New Year to Ash Wednes- 
day, the first day of Lent. All the formal hospitalities at the Exe- 
cutive Mansion occur within this period. On New Year's the Presi- 
dent holds a reception, which begins at 11 o'clock and closes at 2 
p. m. The Vice-President and the Cabinet are first received and then 
the Diplomatic Corps ; after that body, the Supreme Court, Senators 
and Members of Congress, officers of the army and navy, department 
chiefs, etc. The last hour is given to the public. 

During the season three or more card receptions (known in the 
early days of White House entertaining as ''levees") are held even- 



iiuntkr's c)1-i-icial guide uook. 97 

ings — 9 to II. The first is in honor of the Diplomatic Corps and 
the others for the Judiciary, the Congress, and the Army, Navy and 
Marine Corps. Invitations are sent to those named, to other officials 
of the executive and legislative departments, and to acquaintances 
of the President and family among residents of the capital and other 
cities. Diplomats wear cither court or military uniforms and officers 
of the three branches of the service also appear in uniforms. Guests 
unknown to the doorkeepers should be prepared to show invitations. 
The last reception of the series is for the public. Advance notice 
is given in the daily papers of the date. 

The President is assisted on these occasions by his wife, the wife 
of the Vice-President, and the Cabinet ladies. Having laid aside their 
wraps, several hundred persons are usually assembled in the main 
corridor when the President and wife and the receiving party descend 
to the Blue Room, where these receptions arc held. Guests approach 
the Blue Room through the Red Room. Each person announces his 
or her name to the usher, who stands at the threshold of the Blue 
Room. He repeats it to the army officer who stands next to the 
President and who presents each person to him. The President al- 
ways shakes hands. Another army officer standing in front of the 
President's wife repeats each name to her. The ladies assisting shake 
hands with each person who offers a hand to them. A knowledge 
of this fact on the part of strangers will avoid mutual embarrass- 
ment. Some ladies in the ultra-fashionable set make deep courtesies 
to each person instead of shaking hands, when going down the line 
at these receptions, but the custom has not grown in favor. If not 
invited to join those back of the line, guests pass through the Green 
Room to the East Room. In this stately apartment the gathering 
assumes its most brilliant aspect. 

In the case of a public reception, persons approach the White House 
by the west gate and a line is formed, which frequently extends as 
far west as Seventeenth street, those coming last taking their places 
at the end. After the threshold of the White House is crossed, the 
line is a single file through the vestibule, the corridor, and the Red 
Room to the Blue Room. As in the case of a guest at a card recep- 
tion, each person announces his or her name to the usher, by whom 
it is repeated to the army officer who makes the presentations to the 
President. These rules are also observed when the wife of the Presi- 
dent holds a public reception. 

The state dinners alternate with the levees. The first dinner is 
given in honor of the Cabinet, the second in honor of the Diplomatic 
Corps, and the third in honor of the Judiciary. The President and 
his wife receive their guests in the East Room, an army officer mak- 
ing the presentations. When the butler announces dinner, the Presi- 
dent gives his arm to the lady whose husband's official position 
entitles her to precedence and leads the way to the state dining-room. 
If a dinner of more than forty covers is given, the table is laid in the 
corridor. 

An in\itati(in tri rlinc with the President niav Udt lie declinetl, exccjit- 



98 HUNTER'S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 

ing where serious reasons can be stated in the note of regret, A prior 
engagement is not considered a sufficient reason, and, in fact, nothing 
less than personal ill-health, or serious illness, or a death in one's 
family would excuse one from obedience to a summons to the table 
of the President. 

In conversation, the Chief Executive is addressed as "Mr. Presi- 
dent." In writing as "The President of the United States." 

The wife of the President enjoys the same privileges as her hus- 
band. She receives first calls from all and returns no visits. Persons 
desiring an interview with her express their wish by letter. 

As the President and wife may or may not make calls, so it is 
entirely at their option whether or not they accept invitations. For 
the last ten years the Cabinet circle has been the limit, but previous 
to that the President accepted hospitalities generally. Under no 
circumstances, however, will either the President or his wife cross the 
threshold of any foreign embassy or legation, although members of 
their family may do so. 

The hours for the reception of visitors at the Executive Mansion 
change with each administration. The house rules are always posted 
conspiciously at the entrance. Those having business with the Presi- 
dent arrange for interviews with his private secretary, whose proper 
title is Secretary to the President. 

The Vice-President and wife make only first calls on the President 
and wife. They enjoy the same immunity from returning calls. The 
same courtesy which recognizes the members of the Cabinet as in the 
official family of the President, includes the Senatorial circle in the 
official family of the Vice-President. The Vice-President and wife, 
therefore, return Senatorial calls. They receive on New Year's at 
their own residence, first official callers and then the public. Through- 
out the season the wife of the Vice-President receives callers on 
Wednesday afternoons from 3 to 5. In conversations, the Vice-Presi- 
dent is addressed as "Mr. Vice-President." 

The wife of the Speaker of the House of Representatives receives 
on Wednesday, at the same hours as the Cabinet ladies. The Speaker 
is addressed as "Mr. Speaker." 

The relative precedence of Cabinet officers has been established by 
the wording of the Presidential Succession bill. It is as follows : The 
Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of 
War, the Attorney-General, the Postmaster-General, the Secretary of 
the Navy, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Secretary of Agri- 
culture. The official designation preceded by the phrase, "The Hon- 

, orable- " is the correct form in writing to any one of them. In 

conversation, a Cabinet officer is addressed as "Mr. Secretary." 

The Cabinet ladies receive, the public on stated Wednesday after- 
noons, during the season, from 3 to 5. The name of each guest is 
announced by the butler as the hostess is approached. Each hostes.« 
is usually assisted, in these formal hospitalities, by a number of ladies 
— young girls predominating. They are expected to address visitors 
and to make their stay pleasant. Callers, except under exceptional 



hunter's official guide book. DU 

circumstances, do not extend their stay over ten or fifteen minutes, 
and it is not necessary that any good-bys should be exchanged with 
the hostess when leaving. As these receptions are frequently at- 
tended by from four to eight hundred people, who for the most part 
are strangers, the reason for the slight disregard of the usual polite 
form is obvious. No refreshments are now offered, which is also a 
change from the custom which prevailed several years ago. Visitors 
leave cards. 

Callers wear ordinary visiting dress. The hostess and assistants 
wear high-necked gowns, however elaborate their material and make. 
This fact is mentioned because a few years ago the reverse was the 
case, and low-necked evening dresses were generally worn by the 
receiving party at afternoon receptions. At that period also, men fre- 
quently appeared on such occasions in full-dress evening suits, swallow- 
tail coats, etc. In fact, full-dress on both men and women was not 
unusual at the President's New Year reception, a dozen years ago, 
under the impression then current that street clothes were not in keep- 
ing with a function second to none in point of ceremony from our 
standpoint, and which was attended by the Diplomatic Corps in court 
dress or in dazzling military or naval uniforms. Customs in these 
matters have changed so entirely that a violation of the accepted 
fashion makes of the offender a subject for ridicule. The proper cos- 
tume for a woman to wear to the President's New Year reception is her 
best visiting dress with bonnet or hat, the same that she would wear 
at an afternoon reception. A man will dress for the President's New 
Year reception as he will for any other ceremonious daylight event. 
Neither low-necked gowns nor dress suits are permissible imtil after 
6 o'clock. 

The same proprieties of modern custom in dress should be observed 
when attending evening receptions at the White Plouse or elsewhere. 
Evening dress is imperative, which, in the case of women, may mean 
as elaborate or as simple a toilet as the wearer may select, but it 
implies an uncovered head. Bonnets or hats must not be worn. 

By a rule adopted during the first Cleveland administration, the 
Cabinet ladies do not return calls generally, but do send their cards 
once or twice each season as an acknowledgement. The Cabinet 
ladies make the first call upon the ladies of the Supreme Court circle, 
the families of Senators, and the families of foreign ambassadors. 

Certain days of the week are set apart by custom for making calls 
upon particular groups, and no mistake should be made in this respect. 
The ladies of the Supreme Court families receive callers on Monday 
afternoons, Congressional families on Tuesdays, the Cabinet families 
on Wednesdays, and the Senatorial families on Thursdays, with the 
exception of those residing on Capitol Hill, who observe the day of 
that section, which is Monday. By virtue of another old custom. 
Tuesday is K street day; Thursday calling day for upper H and 
I streets ; Friday for residents of upper F and G streets, and Saturday 
for Connecticut avenue and vicinity. Calling hours are from 3 to 6. 

The discussion which has been going on for years, and is now as 



100 hunter's official guide book. 

far from settlement as ever, as to whether Supreme Court Justices and 
famihes pay the first call to Senators and families, or vice versa, is 
only of interest to the stranger as a phrase of Washington life show- 
ing the grave importance given to these points by some official house- 
holds and of the absolute indifiference with which they are viewed 
by others. 

The Diplomatic Corps consists of seven ambassadors, representing 
Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Russia, Mexico and Japan, and 
twenty-five ministers plenipotentiary, of which a circumstantial Hst will 
be found at the end of this book. They are ranked in the order of 
their seniority. Each embassy and legation has a corps of secretaries 
and attaches. The British Ambassador is dean of the corps, having 
been the first ambassador appointed. Official etiquette as regards the 
corps has changed since the coming of ambassadors. Ambassadors 
are given precedence by ministers. By virtue of long-established cus- 
tom, to quote Thomas Jefiferson, "foreign ministers, from the^ neces- 
sity of making themselves known, pay the first visit to the ministers 
of the nation, which is returned." Ambassadors claim that Ihey only 
call on the President because that is the habit of European countries. 
Jt is generally understood that all persons, official or otherwise, pay 
the first call to the embassies. The ladies of the Diplomatic Corps 
have no special day on which to receive callers, each household mat- 
ing its own rules in this respect. 

THE CORCORAN AND OTHER ART GALLERIES. 

The Art Galleries of the city, properly speaking, are two in number; 
but those interested in statuary, pictures, and ceramics will find a great 
c(uantity of all these displayed at the Capitol, in vannus department 
buildings, on the walls of the new Library of Congress, and at the 
National Museum. Of first importance is the Corcoran collection : 

The Corcoran Art Gallery has no connection with the Government 
although its trustees are given a place in the Congressional Directory. 
It is wholly the result of the philanthropy of a wealthy citizen, \\^il- 
liam Wilson Corcoran, who died in 1893. "He early decided," it 
has been well said, "that at least one-half of his money accumulations 
should be held for the welfare of men, and he kept his self imposed 
obligation so liberally that his charities, private and public, exceed 
the amount of $5,000,000, and that 'he left no aspect of human life 
untouched by his beneficence.' " The Corcoran Gallery was opened in 
i860, in the noble building opposite the War Department. This has 
now been superseded by the splendid gallery on Seventeenth street, 
at New York avenue, facing the Executive grounds. The Corcoran 
donations, including the old lot and building, have been $1,600,000; 
and about $350,000 has been paid by the trustees for paintings, be- 
sides what has been given. A large number of casts of classic statues, 
famous hasreliefs, and smaller carvings in this gallery, are not only 
beautiful in themselves, but of great value to students. 

This bnilding has a length of 265 feet in Seventeenth street. 140 feet 



I1L"NTI:r"s OFFICIAL I'.L'IDF. BOOK. !0l 

in New York avenue, and 120 feci in E street. In architecture it is 
Xeo-Greek, after the plans of Ernest Flagg of New York, and the 
external walls, above the granite basement, are of Georgia marbk-. 
white, pure, and brilliant. There are no windows on the second or gal- 
lery floor of the facade, all the light for the exhibition of the pictures 
coining from the skylight in the roof. The only ornaments of this front 
are about the doorway, which is elaborately carved, and under the eaves 
of the roof, where the names of the world's famous artists are inscribed 
in severely simple letters. Entering the front door, the visitor is con- 
fronted by a grand staircase, on the farther side of the great Statuary 
Hall, 170 feet long, which occupies the ground floor. This is so lighted 
l.y iipenings through the gallery floor that, for the exhibition of casts in 
delicate lights, it can not be surpassed in any other gallery of the 
world. The second or gallery floor, where the principal pictures are 
hung, under the great glass roof, is supported by Doric colunms of 
Indiana limestone, above which are Ionic columns supporting the roof. 
( )n this floor are also four gallery rooms, sixty-one feet by twenty-eight, 
and numerous small rooms for the exhibition of water-colors and 
objects of art. On the New York avenue side is a semi-circular lec- 
uire hall, with a platform and rising floor to the side walls, which, with 
a good skylight, make this room an excellent one for private exhi- 
bitions. .\ttached to the gallery is an art school, using two well- 
lighted rooms fronting to the north, with accomodations for a large 
number of pupils. It is the intention to give here annual art exhibi- 
rions of the work of local and other American artists and students. 

.Vmong the older and more prominent paintings in the Corcoran col- 
lection are the following: "The Tornado" by Thomas Cole, "The 
Watering-Place" by Adolphe Schreyer, "Nedjma-Odalisque" by Gas- 
ion Casimir Saint Pierre, "Edge of the Forest" by Asher Brown 
Durand, "The \''estal Tuccia" by Hector Le Roux, "Mercy's Dream" 
by Daniel Huntington. "Niagara Falls" by Frederick Edwin Church. 
"Ccnesar Dead" by Jean Leon Gerome, "On the Coast of New England" 
by William T. Richards, "The Helping Hand" by Emile Renouf, "The 
Death of Moses" by Alexander Cabanel, "Charlotte Corday in Prison" 
by Charles Louis Muller, "The Passing Regiment" by Edward 
Detaille, "Wood Gatherers" by Jean Baptiste Camille Corot, "The For- 
ester at Home" by Ludwig Knaus, "Virgin and Child" by Murillo, 
"Christ Bound" by Van Dyck, "Landscape" by George Inness, "The 
Schism" by Jean George Vibert, "The Pond of the Great Oak" by 
Jules Dupre, "A Hamlet of the Seine near Vernon" by Charles Francis 
Daubigny. "Landscape, with Cattle." by Emile Van Marckc. "Joan 
of .\rc in Infancy" by Jean Jacques Henner, "The Banks of the .Vdige" 
by Martin Rico, "Twilight" by Thomas Alexander Harrison. "The 
\\'edding Festival" by Eugene Louis Gabriel Isabey. "The Approach- 
ing Storm" by Narcisse Virgile Diaz de la Pena. "Moonlight in Hol- 
land" by Jean Charles Cazin, "Approaching Night" bv Max Wev. 
". Sunset in the Woods" by George Inness. "El Bravo Toro" by Aime 
Nicholas Morot. Some noteworthy late additions are : "The Landscape 
of Historical Bladensburg" fin 1887), the "First Railwav in New 



102 hunter's official guide book. 

York" by E. L. Henry, and Charles Gutherz, (Paris, 1894) great can- 
vas of the "Bering Sea Arbitration Court," which is accompanied by 
an explanation and key to the portraits. Recently added are: J. G. 
Brown's large and greatly admired canvas "The Longshoreman's Noon 
Hour," which has the "Honorable Mention" of the Paris Salon; "The 
Road to Concarneau" by W. L. Picknell, "Eventide" by Robert C. 
Minor, a landscape by H. W. Ranger, and "The Adoration of the Shep- 
herds" by Mengo. 

One room is devoted to portraits, in which is prominently hung a 
portrait of Mr. Corcoran, by Elliott. Around him are grouped a great 
number of the Presidents of the United States and many famous 
Americans, making the collection not only interesting historically, but 
particularly valuable as illustrating the styles of most of the earlier 
American portrait painters. 

Of the marbles, Hiram Powers' "Greek Slave" is perhaps the most 
celebrated. To Vincenzo Velas' seated figure of the "Last Days of 
Napoleon" is given special prominence by its central position in the 
upper hall. The exquisite little statue of the weeping child, entitled 
"The Forced Prayer," by Guarnario, always brings a smile to the face 
of visitors. 

The Barye Bronzes are especially notable as the largest collection 
extant of the fine animal figures and other works of this talented French 
modeler ; they number about 100. The small model of the statue to 
Frederick the Great, and the numerous electrotypic reproductions of 
unique metallic objects of art preserved in European museums, are 
other things that the intelligent visitor will dwell upon among the 
wealth of beautiful things presented to his view in this art museum. 

The Tayloe Collection is a bequest from the family of Benjamin Ogle 
Tayloe, whose richly furnished home is still standing on Lafayette 
Square. It consists of some two hundred or more objects of art, 
ornament, and curious interest, including marbles by Powers, Thor- 
waldsen, Greenough, and Canova ; portraits by Gilbert Stuart, Hunt- 
ington, and foreign artists, and many other paintings ; a large number 
of bronze objects and pieces of furniture, including Washington's card 
table and other pieces that belonged to eminent men, and a large series 
of porcelain, glass, ivory, and other objects, which are both historically 
and artistically interesting. A special catalogue for this collection is 
sold at 5 cents. 

The Waggaman Gallery ought surely to be examined by all culti- 
vated travelers. It is at No. 3300 O street, Georgetown, and is easily 
reached by either the F street or Pennsylvania avenue street cars. 
This gallery is the private acquisition of Mr. E. Waggaman, and con- 
tains a large number of paintings, the specialty being Dutch 
water-colors, where the Hollandish style and choice of subjects are 
well exhibited. The most striking and valuable part of the collection, 
however, is undoubtedly that representing Japanese work in pottery, 
stone, and metal. The series of tea "jars, antique porcelains, and 
modern wares, showing rare glazes and most highly prized colors, is 
extensive and well chosen; and a wonderful array of bronzes and 



HUNTERS OFFICIAL l.UIDE BOOK. 103 

artistic work in other metals in the form of swords, swordguards, 
bells, utensils of various forms and capacities, and decorative composi- 
tions, excites the enthusiasm of connoisseurs in this department. The 
gems of this superb cabinet, however, are the articles of jade, in which 
this collection has few superiors ; among which the translucent plaques 
of carved jade, if not unique in the United States, are certainly 
unsurpassed. A large number of ivory carvings, t<;ak-wood stands 
of exquisite design, and other curiosities of oriental art and work- 
manship, make this gallery notable. 

Visitors are admitted on Thursdays of each week during January, 
February, March, and April, between ii and 4 o'clock, by paying 50 
cents for each admission toward a charitable fund. 

ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY. 

Arlington, an estate identified in a peculiarly intimate manner with the 
history of the founding and preservation of the Union, and singularly 
beautiful withal, would be one of the most attractive places at the 
National Capital apart from the sacred interest imparted to it by 
its soldier dead. For several generations before the Civil War the 
home of the Custis and Lee families, it has been devoted since that 
time to the purposes of the foremost of the national military ceme- 
teries. Here, behind the inscribed arches of the great gates, made 
from the marble pillars of the old War Department building, and 
under the oaks that belonged to the greatest of "their enemy," sleep al- 
most a score of thousands of Union soldiers, and every year sees the 
eternal enlistment in their ranks of many more — among them officers of 
rank and distinction famous for the deeds that shall make their names 
immortal. 

Two routes may be taken to Arlington, and the best way is to 
patronize both, going by one and returning by the other. This pre- 
vents retracing one's steps, and makes the course one of walking down 
hill. In pursuance of this method take the Pennsylvania cars (if 
the F street cars are taken, descend the stone steps from Prospect 
street to Pennsylvania avenue at the Union Station) to the extremity 
of the line (Union Station, Thirty-sixth street) in Georgetown, and 
walk across Aqueduct Bridge to Roslyn, Virginia, where, at the wes- 
tern extremity of the bridge, electric cars may be taken to Fort INIcyer 
and the northern gate of Arlington Cemetery. This is a ride of hardly 
ten minutes, and the whole trip from the Treasury consumes onlv thir- 
ty-five minutes, and when close connection is made ; fare from Roslyn 
TO cents; round trip, 15 cents. Public carriages start from the 
terminal station at the Fort Meyer gate, in which passengers are given 
a tour of the cemetery for 25 cents ; a stop of five minutes is made 
at the mansion, where a lay-over ticket is also given if asked. 

The distance from the Fort Meyer gate to the Mansion, following 
the main road and flagstone walk, is about a third of a mile, and 
shows nearly all of the older and more cultivated parts of the Ceme- 
tery. Southward of the path the graves of thou.sands and thousands 



]04 hunter's official guide book. 

of soldiers of the Civil War spread away through the woods, as 
far as can be seen, each marked by a small marble headstone, with 
here and there a more prominent mark. At intervals are placed, in 
front of this fatal and impressive array, iron tablets bearing lines 
or stanzas selected from Col. Theodore O'Hara's eloquent poem, 

THE BIVOUAC OF THE DEAD. 

The muffled drum's sad roll has beat 

The soldier's last tattoo ; 
No more on life's parade shall meet 

That brave and fallen few. 

On Fame's eternal camping-ground 

Their silent tents are spread, 
And Glory guards, with solemn round. 

The bivouac of the dead. 

No rumor of the foe's advance 

Now swells upon the wind ; 
No troubled thought at midnight haunts 

Of loved ones left behind. 

No vision of the morrow's strife 

The warrior's dream alarms. 
No braying horn nor screaming fife 

At dawn shall call to arms. 

The neighing troop, the flashing blade. 

The bugle's stirring blast 
The charge, the dreadful cannonade. 

The din and shout are past. 

Sons of the dark and bloody ground. 

Ye must not slumber there. 
Where stranger steps and tongues resound 

Along the heedless air ; 

Your own proud land's heroic soil 

Shall be your fitter grave ; 
She claims from war its richest spoil — 

The ashes of her brave. 

Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead! 

Dear as the blood ye gave ; 
No impious footsteps here shall tread 

The herbage of vour grave; 



HL'XTER's Ol-FlCIAt. CUIlii: liOOK. 105 

Nor shall your glory be forgot 

While Fame her record keeps, 
Or Honor points the hallowed spot 

Where Valor proudly sleeps. 

Nor wreck, nor change, nor winter's blight. 

Nor time's remorseless doom, 
Shall dim one ray of holy light 

That gilds your glorious tomb. 

On the left, or north, of the path the hillock is more irregularly 
dotted with monuments to commissioned officers of the army, many 
of whom were distinguished in the Mexican or Indian wars previous 
ti) that of 1861-65. lieside man\- of them rest thJr wives, in ac- 
cordance with the privilege given by the Government. Here, among 
many of less note, rest such famous commanders as Belknap. Hums, 
(ileason. Gregg, Harvey. Hazen, Ingalls. King. Kirk, Lyford. Meyer 
( whose idea it was that these grounds shduld be set af)art for thi.- 
purpose). McKibbin. Paul, Plummer. Steadman, Turtellotte. and many 
others: and the monuments are often exceedingly appropriate. The 
interest increases as the Mansion is approached. This noble house, 
whose pillared portico is so well seen from the city, stand upon the 
brow of a magnificent hill overlooking the valley of the Potomac and 
the Federal city — a broad and .beautiful view. On the brow of thi> 
blufif are buried officers of special distinction and popularity, and here 
may be seen the graves and monuments of some of the Union's 
latest and most distinguished defenders. Here lie Gen. Philip H, 
Sheridan, beneath a grand memorial stone ; Admiral David D. Porter, 
Maj.-Gen. George H. Crook, whose monument bears a bronze bas- 
relief of the surrender of the .\pache Gercnimo ; Maj.-Gen. .\bner 
Doubleday. the historian of Gettysburg; Generals Meigs, Ricketts. 
I'lcnet and Watkins; Colonel r)erdan. of "sharpshc oter" fame, and 
others. In the rear of the mansion is a miniature temple upon whose 
columns are engraved the names of great American soldiers; and a 
lovely amphitheater of columns, vine-embowered, where Decoration 
Day ceremonies and open-air burial services may be conducted. Xe.ir 
it is a great granite mausoleum in which re])ose the bones of 2.1 11 
unknown soldiers gathered after the war from the battle field of 
I lull Run. and thence to the Ra])panhaminck. It is surrounded b\ 
cruinon and bears a memorial inscri])tion. Near bw in a lovclv glade. 
i- buried Gen. Henry W. Lawtcn. killed fighting in the Philippines 
in the autumn of i89<;. 

The victims of the destruction of the battleship Maine, in Havana. 
and several hundred soldiers who lost their li\cs in Cuba and Porto 
Rico, during the war with Spain, in 1898. are buried together in the 
southern part of the cemetery, reached by a pleasant roarl. winding 
through the peopled woods: and their niotumient is a battery of 
great naval guns. 

The .Vrlingtrn mansion is a fine example of the architecture of it^ 



106 hunter's official guide book. 

era, and resembles Jefferson's mansion at Monticello. Its upper floor 
is occupied by the official in charge, but the lower rooms are mainly- 
empty, and visitors are content with a glance at them, preferring 
the open air and light of the lawns and gardens about the house, 
and the groves that now cover the adjacent fields. This old home of 
the Colonial aristocracy is not only closely identified with the annals 
of early Virginia, but with the political development of the country. 
It was bought as a tract of i,i6o acres, for £ii,ooo, by John Custis, 
who, early in the eighteenth century, came from the Eastern shore to 
live on his new property. His was one of the "first families of 
Virginia" in every sense of the word, and possessed great wealth ; 
but he had various domestic troubles, one of which was, that his 
high-spirited son, Daniel Parke Custis, insisted upon neglecting a 
high-born heiress, prepared by his parents for his future consort, 
and marrying instead, pretty Martha Dandridge, the belle of Wil- 
liamsburg, the Colonial capital. The old gentleman was very angry, 
until one day, we are told, Martha Dandridge met him at a social 
gathering, and fairly captivated him. The marriage was made and 
prospered, and, when old Custis died, his son and his wife came into 
possession and residence here at Arlington, where Daniel soon died, 
leaving Martha a young widow with two children, John Parke and 
Eleanor Custis. His will entailed this estate to his son, and divided 
his other property, the wife receiving, as her share, lands and securi- 
ties worth, perhaps, $100,000. In due time this rich and blooming 
widow re-entered society, where she presently became acquainted with 
a Colonial colonel, who had recently achieved military fame in Brad- 
dock's expedition against Fort Duquesne. He lived with his mother 
at Mount Vernon, only fifteen miles below, and his name was George 
Washington. It was not long before he had wooed and won the 
charming and opulent widow, who laid aside her weeds and went 
with her two children to live at her husband's home. Together they 
managed and cared for the Arlington estate, until its young owner 
should come of age, and both were often there. The daughter died, 
but the son grew to manhood, received his noble property, married 
a Calvert, and served upon his stepfather's staff during the latter 
part of the Revolution. Then he, too, died (1781), and his two infant 
children were adopted by Washington and deeply loved. They kept 
their own names, however, and Nelly, who seemed to have inherited 
the beauty of her grandmother, married Major Lewis, a Virginian. 
Her brother, George Washington Parke Custis, upon reaching his 
majority, inherited and took possession of Arlington, at the beginning 
of the present century ; and immediately began the erection of the 
present mansion, which, therefore, Washington himself never saw, 
since he died December 13, 1799, while this house was not completed 
until 1803. A few months afterward, Mr. Custis married Mary Lee 
Fitzhugh, one of the Randolphs, and four children were born to 
them, but only one survived, a daughter, Mary. The Custis family 
lived at Arlington, improving and beautifying the estate, winning the 
good opinion of all who knew them, and entertaining handsomely until 



liUNTliRS OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 107 

the death of Mrs. Custis, in 1853, and of lier husband, the last male 
of his family, in 1857. The estate then fell to the daughter, who, mean- 
while, had married a young officer, Robert E. Lee, son of "Lighthorse 
Harry" Lee, the dashing cavalryman of the Revolution, entwining into 
the story of the estate another strand of the best fabric of Virginian 
society. Arlington immediatel}' became the home of this officer, and 
when the Civil War came, and Colonel Lee went out of the Union 
with his State, his greatest personal sacrifice, no doubt, w'as the thought 
of leaving Arlington. Indeed, so little did he foresee that he was going 
to be the leader of a four-year's struggle, that he took away none of 
the furniture, and very few even of the great number of relics of 
Washington, many of intrinsic as well as historic value, which the house 
contained. Federal troops at once took possession of the estate, and 
everything of historical value was seized by the Government, so that 
most of the collection, with other relics, is now to be seen at the Na- 
tional Museum. Arlington could not be confiscated, because entailed ; 
but the non-payment of taxes made a pretext for its sale, when it was 
bought in for $23,000, by the United States Government, which estab- 
lished the military cemetery here in 1864. When, several years after the 
war, G. W. Custis Lee inherited the estate, he successfully disputed, 
in the Supreme Court, the legality of the tax-sale, but at once trans- 
ferred his restored rights to the Government for $150,000, which was 
paid him in 1884. 

The return from Arlington js easily and pleasantly made by walking 
down to one of the gates and taking the cars of the Washington, Alex- 
andria (S: Mount \^ernon Railwa}' for Washington, by way of Highway 
Bridge. Three hours will suffice to make this trip satisfactorily. The 
grounds remain open until sunset. 

ALEXANDRIA. 

President Washington's pew in Christ Church, .Mexandria, is still 
preserved as it appeared when occupied by the family. One may make 
the visit to Alexandria in connection with the Mount Vernon trip. The 
church is closed on week days, but the sexton is usually on the premises 
from 9 o'clock until 5, and will obligingly open the door on request. 
The church is on Washington street. 

Fairfax Parish, to which Alexandria belongs, was created in 1765: 
and among the first vestrymen chosen was George Washington, then 
thirty-three years of age. Christ Church was completed on Feb. 27, 
1773. and on the same day Colonel Washington subscribed the highest 
price paid for a pew, £36 los., contracting further to pay for it an 
annual rental of £5 sterling. 

The pews, which originally were square, were changed — all but 
Washington's — to the present style in i860. Other alterations of the 
interior were made in later years; but a wiser afterthought has restored 
the church to the style of the Colonial days. The sounding-board and 
the wine-glass pulpit are facsimiles of the originals. The chancel rail 
and the mural tablets of the Lord's Prayer and the .Apostles' Creed 



108 hunter's official guide book. 

were here in Washington's time ; the communion table, reading desk 
and chairs are those which were used then ; and so likewise is the crystal 
chandelier of solid brass with its twelve candlesticks to typify the 
Twelve Apostles. In the old days candles were used to light the church ; 
on the pillars may still be detected beneath the paint the marks of 
the sconces and tinder box. The baptismal font dates from 1818. 

Washington's pew, Nos. 59 and 60, is on the left side, near the front, 
and is marked by a silver plate with facsimile of his autograph ; it 
has two seats, one facing the other, and a third cross seat against 
the wall ; the pew is now reserved for strangers. Across the aisle is 
the pew which was occupied by the Lees ; its silver plate bears the 
name of Robert E. Lee in autograph. Twin mural tablets set in place 
in 1870 are inscribed in memory of George Washington and Robert 
Edward Lee. 

In the vestry room may be seen the record of Washington's pur- 
chase of his pew in 1773; and the first Bible and Church Service, the 
Bible bearing an Edinburgh imprint of 1767. The long-handled purses 
used in Washington's time for the offerings are perhaps the most curi- 
ous of all the Alexandria relics of old days and old ways. 

Second only to Christ Church in interest of historical associations is 
the Carlyle House, on the corner of Fairfax and Cameron streets. 
Built by John Carlyle in the year 1752, at a period when Alexandria 
was the metropolis of the British Empire in America, the house had 
full share with the town in events which were portentous of revolution. 
It was the time of the French and Indian Wars, and Gen. Braddock 
had come to America to assume command of the British forces. Here 
had repaired, to confer with him, the Governors of six of the colonies — 
Shirley of Massachusetts, DeLancey of New York, Morris of Pennsyl- 
vania, Sharpe of Maryland. Dinwiddie of Virginia and Dobbs of North 
Carolina. By invitation of Mr. Carlyle they met in the blue room of 
the mansion. The chief purpose was to devise means for raising 
revenue for the support of service in North America ; and it was re- 
solved that the Governors having found it impracticable to obtain in 
their respective governments the proportion expected by His Majesty, 
"they are unanimously of the opinion that it should be proposed to His 
Majesty's ministers to find out some method compelling them to do it." 
When the .Alexandrians heard of this resolution of the congress the\- 
met in the court house opposite the Carlyle House, and with George 
Washington in the chair, resolved : "That taxation and representation 
are in their nature inseparable." The action of the six Governors was 
received in like spirit by the Colonies : and thus the Congress of Alex- 
andria, as the meeting in Mr. Carlyle's blue room was known, con- 
tributed largely to the growing discontent which twenty years later 
found expression in the Revolution. To the Carlyle House came George 
Washington, summoned from Mount Vernon by Braddock, who offered 
him a commission as Major in the British Army ; and it was in the 
Carlyle House that, contrary to Washington's advice, Braddock's dis- 
astrous expedition to Fort Duquesne was resolved upon. From his 
early manhood until his death Washington was a frequent and wel- 



HUNTERS OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 109 

come guest in the house. "Lodg'd at Col. Carlyle's" is an entry often 
repeated in his diary. 

There has recently been formed the "Society for the Restoration of 
Historic .Alexandria." and the first efifort of the society is to restore 
I he Carlyle House, to tear down the buildings which shut it in, and 
to assure its care and keeping for the future. The house was solidly 
built and is today in good preservation. There are still some of the 
original chairs, hall seats and other pieces of furniture, with a grand- 
father's clock which for more than a century ticked the time in the 
Carlyle mansion. The building is open from lo to 5 daily, except 
Sunday, and will well repay a visit. To pay expenses an admittance 
fee of ten cents is charged. 

Another Alexandria landmark is the Alarshall House, on King street, 
w here the Ellsworth tragedy occurred at the outbreak of the Civil War. 
In the spring of 1861 .Alexandria was held by Confederates and the 
Confederate f^ags were visible from Washington, one flag in particular, 
over the Alarshall House, a tavern kept by James Jackson, was the 
subject of remark by President Lincoln. Among the Federal troops 
who took the town on the night of May 23 were the New York Fire 
Zouaves, under command of Col. E. E. Ellsworth. At dawn, the Alar- 
'^hall House flag, still flying from its staff, Ellsworth entered the house, 
v.ent to the roof and tore down the obnoxious colors. As Ellsworth 
was coming down stairs, Jackson emerged from one of the rooms armed 
with a double-barreled shotgun, raised his gun and discharged it at 
the Colonel, who was killed instantly. Jackson then turned his gun on 
others of the Zouaves, but was killed by them before he could pull 
the trigger. 

DO\VN THE HISTORIC POTOMAC. 

From their wharf at the foot of Seventh street the steamers of the 
Norfolk and Washington Line leave daily for Fortress Monroe and 
Norfolk. The sail on the historic Potomac River, Chesapeake Bay and 
Hampton Roads, with a charming view from the river of Wash- 
ington and Norfolk, as they are approached by daylight, makes this 
one of the most delightful and interesting trips on our continent. The 
steamer j^asses in full view of many places rich in historic association, 
such as .Mexanclria, Fort Foote, Fort Washington, Mount X'ernon (the 
home and resting-place of Washington), Indian Head (now used by the 
government ^s the proving ground for heavy ordnance), Evansport, Ac- 
quia Creek, Mathias Point (on the Virginian shore, where heavy bat- 
teries were erected by the Confederate army), Wakefield (the birthplace 
of Washington), and Point Lookout (on the Maryland shore, used dur- 
ing the war as a prison for Confederates) . At point Lookout the steamer 
enters Chesapeake Bay, one of the most beautiful bodies of water in 
the world. .After an enjoyable sail of four hours Fortress Monroe is 
reached, and Old Point. 

The steamer then proceeds through Hampton Roads, made niemor- 
al)le bv the ereat naval ernflict between the Monitor and the Mcrri))\ac. 



110 hunter's official guide book. 

Sewall's Point and Craney Island, where heavy batteries were erected 
by the Confederate army, are soon sighted; and then Norfolk and 
Portsmouth, with the Government Navy Yard. At Norfolk connec- 
tion is made with Old Dominion Line for New York. 

TO FORT MYER. 

The principal military post near Washington is located on the Custis 
estate — of nearly two square miles, with a mile frontage on the Poto- 
mac opposite the city. It was occupied by the military forces when Col. 
Robert E. Lee resigned from the army in 1861. Officers and privates 
who died of wounds in hospitals near Washington were interred in 
one section and the remainder was used during the war for forti- 
fications, store houses, and drill grounds for military service. The battle- 
fields of Bull Run and Manassas are a short distance west and easily ac- 
cessible by driving over a beautiful undulating country. Munson's Hill, 
the place where McClellan reviewed his magnificent army, is a little over 
a mile south of Falls Church. Camp xA.lger is located near Falls 
Church, "the site being selected by Secretary Alger on account of its 
known healthfulness and abundance of pure water. In going to Falls 
Church over the electric road the county of Alexandria is traversed 
from east to west, passing the new county court house, recently erected, 
and passing near the old Caleb Cushing mansion, as well as many other 
beautiful, well-kept country residences. Alexandria County is rapidly 
increasing in population. Many wealthy people have recently located 
there, having homes on the heights overlooking the Potomac. The 
tourist can not spend a more profitable or pleasant day than to take a 
trip over the electric line to Falls Church, and from thence to some 
of the historical points mentioned. 

The "Falls (Episcopal) Church" was erected in the year 1747 by 
the reigning monarch of England, the brick used in the structure being 
brought from that country. This church was one of the several erected 
along the Potomac and James rivers about that time, and this being 
located nearest to the Great Falls of the Potomac, was called "The Falls 
Church," and from that the town derived its name. Regular services 
are still maintained and the church is kept as near as possible to its 
original condition. Many visitors are attracted to it on account of its 
ancient appearance, and historical connection, Washington having used 
it as a place of worship prior to the erection of the Pohick Chapel. 
Another account of Falls Church is as follows : 

Falls Church (Episcopal) was erected in 1773, for £600. Christ 
Church, Alexandria, was built the same year, and of both churches 
General Washington was a vestryman. The contract for Falls Church 
was taken by James Wrenn, who was to be paid either in currency or 
its equivalent — 32,000 pounds of tobacco. It was furnished after the 
old style, with box pews, a high, wine-glass pulpit, and tablets on 
either side the chancel with the decalogue and the Lord's prayer in 
large letters. The floor was laid with tiles, undoubtedly imported. 
The church fell into disuse before the close of the last century, and 



hunter's olllClAl. {".UIDE BOOK. 11 1 

was in an abandoned state for a number of years, the roof having 
fallen in and cattle finding shelter within its walls. Afterward it was 
repaired by Henry Fairfax, a grandson of the Rev. Bryan Fairfax, at 
his own expense and thoroughly restored. It was long in charge of the 
Rev. Tenipleman Brown as rector ,and was in a flourishing condition 
at the breaking out of war, when it was taken possession of by the 
United States troops, first as a hospital and subsequently as a stable, 
the pews, pulpit, tablets, floor, and even a part of the walls being de- 
stroyed. .Vfter the war it was repaired, cheaply, and has been used 
since as a place of worship, though in a languishing state. 

Its communion service, the gift of friends, is of solid silver, mostly 
from plate and from the sale of watches, jewelry, etc., given for the 
purpose. 

Its churchyard has numerous graves, and some ancient tombstones 
are still to be seen. 

The Virginia Hon^e and Training School for the Feeble-minded 
was established in 1898, and is the only private institution of the kind 
in the South. It receives, at reasonable rates, all classes of the feeble- 
minded, and its equipment and accomodations are of the best. The 
house is large and comfortable with all modern conveniences. The 
grounds are beautiful and extensive, affording ample room for exercise 
and games. 

THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. 

The Executive Departments are those over which the Cabinet officers 
preside, and in which the daily administration of the Government is 
carried on. There have not always been so many, nor have they always 
been known by their present names ; and it is only recently, under the 
law of 1886, prescribing the order of succession to the Presidency, that 
any authoritative sequence could be observed in the list, which is now 
as follows : 

The Department of State, presided over by the Honorable the Sec- 
retary of State. 

The Treasury Department, the Secretary of the Treasury. 

The War Department, the Secretary of War. 

The Department of Justice, the Attorney-General. 

The Post Office Department, the Postmaster-General. 

The Navy Department, the Secretary of the Navy. 

The Department of the Interior, the Secretary of the Interior. 

The Department of Agriculture, the Secretary of Agriculture. 

All these are situated in the immediate neighborhood of the Executive 
Mansion, except those of the Post Oflfiice, Interior, and .Xgriculture. 

OFFICIAL PROGRAMME. 

The official programme of the Inauguration ceremonies of President 

(elect) Taft, March 4, 1900. as issued by the committee on Programme. 

The committee on reception contains about 600 men, including rep- 



112 hunter's official guide book. 

resentatives of the courts of the United States in this jurisdiction and 
of the District courts, representatives of the Houses of Congress, of 
the army and navy, and a large body of citizens of Washington and the 
States of the Union. 

The committee on printing, charged with the pubHcation of the offi- 
cial programme of the inaugural ceremonies, has not sold the privilege, 
as in former years, but is itself handling the publication. 

This official programme is an attractive booklet, with front page 
in colors, containing the complete programme of all events connected 
with the inauguration, and additional information that will give it an 
enduring value c|uite apart from its value as a souvenir of the occasion. 

U\AUGURATION DAY PROGRAMME. 

The programme of exercises for the day, is as follows : 

Escort of the President and Vice President-elect from the White 
House to the Capitol at lo o'clock a. m., by the veteran escort specially 
formed for the purpose. 

Administration of the oath of office to the President and Vice Presi- 
dent-elect in the Senate at 12 o'clock. 

Inaugural address of the President from the east front of the Capitol 
at 12 :20 p. m. 

Formation of the military grand division in the streets south and 
southeast of tlie Capitol, beginning at 12:30. At the same hour the 
civic grand division will be formed in the streets north and northwest 
of the Capitol. 

Afternoon escort of the President to the White House and the start 
of the parade at i 130 p. m. 

Review of the military and civic divisions of the marching columns 
from the President's stand in front of the White House in the center 
of the court of honor, from 3 to 6 p. m. 

Fireworks display on the Ellipse, south of the White House, 7 130 
to 9 p. m. 

Inaugural ball at the Pension Office, beginning at 9 p. m. 

ROUTE OF THE PARADE. 

The parade, led by Gen. Bell and staff, will swing into Pennsylvania 
avenue at the Peace IMonument (opposite Hunter's store), mostly from 
the streets north of the Capitol. The military division will head the 
column, followed by the civic division. The route of the parade will 
be up Pennsylvania avenue to Fifteenth street, north past the Treas- 
ury to the court of honor, and thence west past the White House. The 
turning point of the column west of the White House, at Twentieth. 
Twenty-first, Twenty-second, or Twenty-third street. 

Theodore Noyes, chairman of the reception committee has anm^unced 
the membership of his committee, after it was approved by Edward J. 
Stellwagen. chairman of the inaugural committee. The reception com- 
mittee is a verv large one. comprising an official and an unofficial 
section. 



hunter's official guide book. ]13 

The duties of this coniniittee consist in extending courtesies to dis- 
tinguished guests during their stay in Washington, and particularly dur- 
ing their presence at the various functions of the inauguration, includ- 
ing the inaugural ball. One of the functions of the conmiittee is to meet 
the governors of the States on their arrival in Washington and extend 
various courtesies to them in connection with the ceremonies at the 
Capitol and the inaugural parade and ball. .V subcommittee is appointed 
for each governor. 

The important function of the reception committee is to take full 
charge of the reception features of the inaugural ball. The guests of 
the inaugural committee on this occasion are the President, his family 
and guests ; the Vice President, his family and guests ; the members of 
the new Cabinet and their families, the Speaker of the House and his 
daughter, the Justices of the Supreme Court and their families, the 
senior representative of each foreign embassy and legation and the ladies 
of his family. 

The official section includes the justices of the Supreme Court of the 
United States, the District Court of Appeals, the Supreme Court of the 
District, the Court of Claims, the District Commissioners, members of 
I he Senate and House of Representatives, all the officers and members 
of the Republican National Committee, and representatives of the army 
and navy. 

The Congressional representation comprises the members of the 
House and Senate Committees on Appropriations and the District of 
Columbia, and other members of the two Houses. 

ARMY AND NAVY MEMBERS. 

The military and naval representatives are : 

For the army — Maj. Gen. J. Franklin Bell, Maj. Gen. F. C. Ains- 
worth, Brig. Gen. E. A. Garlington, Brig. Gen. James B. Aleshire, Brig 
Gen. George H. Torney, Brig. Gen. W. L. Marshall, Brig. Gen. James 
Allen, I'rig. Gen. George P). Davis. Brig. (icn. 1 Icnry G. Sharpe, Brig. 
Gen. Charles H. Whipple. Brig. Gen. William Crozier, Brig. Gen. Wil- 
liam P. Hall, Brig. Gen. William W. Witherspoon, P)rig. Gen. Clarence 
R. Edwards, Brig. Gen. Arthur Murray. 

For the navy — Admiral George Dewey. Rear .\dmiral E. H. C. 
Leutze, Rear Admiral W. S. Cowles, Rear Admiral Raymond P. Rod- 
gers. Rear Admiral Royal B. Ingersoll. Rear .-Xdmiral Thomas C. 
McLean, Rear Admiral Newton E. Mason, Rear Admiral W. W. Kim- 
ball, Civil Engineer Richard C. Hollyday, Chief Constructor Washing- 
ton L. Capps, Surg. Gen. Presley M. Rixey, Capt. Nathaniel 
R. I'sher, Capt. Edward H. Campbell. Commander Robert S. Griffin. 
Pay Inspector John S. Carpenter, Maj. Gen. George F. Elliott, marine 
corps; Col. H. Lauchheimer. marine corps; Col. Frank L. Denny, 
marine corps; Cai)t. Richard S. Hooker, marine corps. 



114 hunter's official guide book. 

UNOFFICIAL SECTION. 

The general committee of reception consists of Washingtonians and 
prominent residents of other cities, as follows : 

Walter W. Abell, Baltimore, Felix Agnus, Baltimore; Allen D. 
Albert, Jr. 

Rear Admiral George W. Baird, George F. Baker, Jr., New York; 
David S. Barry, Gen. John C. Bates, Will Gray Beach, Nashville, Tenn. ; 
Alexander Graham Bell, C. J. Bell, Ira E. Bennett, T- G. Bennet, Pitts- 
burg, Pa. ; F. H. Bethell, Philadelphia ; A. A. Birney, H. P. Blair, Wil- 
liam J. Boardman, Scott C. Bone, George F. Bowerman, George W. 
Boyd, Philadelphia; OUver T. Boyd, Charles A. Boynton, E. C. Bren- 
denburg, Col. Richard J. Bright, Alexander Britton, Col. Charles S. 
Bromwell, Chapin Brown, Aldis B. Browne, Henry L. Bryan, Gen. 
James A. Buchanan, C. S. Bundy, N. Landon Burchell, Arthur Burt, 
Charles H. Butler, Capt. A. W. Butt. 

D. J. Cahahan, Henry M. Camp. W. S. Carrell, B. W. Carskaddon, 
Philadelphia ; John M. Carson, William E. Chandler, W. A. H. Church, 
Melville Church, W. C. Clephane, Meyer Cohen, Thomas F. Cole, ' 
Duluth, Minn. ; L. A. Coolidge, William V. Cox, Augustus Crane, Jr., 
Morton E. Crane, A. P. Crenshaw, W. H. Crook, Col. John Schuyler 
Crosby, New York; J. Harry Cunningham, S. W. Curriden, William 
E. Curtis, J. B. G. Custis. 

J. J. Darhngton, H. H. Darnelle, H. Bradley Davidson, J. C. David- 
son, Gen. George W. Davis, H. C. Davis, W. A. De Caindry, P. V. 
De Graw, W. H. De Lacy, Louis A. Dent, C. A. Douglas, J. Maury 
Dove, J. C. Dowell, W. F. Downey, E. H. Droop, James T. Du Bois, 
Arthur W. Dunn. 

Joseph R. Edson, Frederick Eichelberger, George W. Evans. 

A. P. Fardon, Fred C. Farnsworth, New York ; James E. Fitch, 
William J. Flather, Gen. William H. Forwood, Charles E. Fosler, 
John W. Foster, Albert F. Fox, T. J. D. Fuller. 

Thomas M. Gale, E. M. Gallaudet, W. T. Gilliher, George Gibson, 
C. C. Glover, Col. Green Clay Goodloe, J. H. Gore, A. B. Graham, E. 
C. Graham, Lorimer C. Graham, Thomas Grant, Bernard R. Green, 
James M. Green, Rev. Dr. Samuel H. Green, Gilbert H. Grosvenor, 
W. F. Gude, Jules Guthridge. 

George E. Hamilton, Gen. George H. Harries, Frederick L. Harvey, 
Gen. Hamilton S. Hawkins, J. T. Heck, J. J. Hemphill, C. M. Hendley, 
y. Whit Herron, Clitistian Heurich, W. B. Hibbs, D. Percv Hickling, 
W. Corcoran Hill, Rev. J. J. Himmel, W. H. Hoeke, H. L. Hodgkins, 
Edwin M. Hood, W. D. Hoover, Archibald Hopkins, Gen. R. L. Hoxie, 
George F. Hufif, Thomas Hyde. 

Hennen Jennings, John E. Jones, Gen. John A. Johnson. 

John H. Kasson. Rudolph Kauffmann, Victor Kauffmann, Capt. Wil- 
Ham Kelly, G. A. King, W. B. King, W. S. Knox. 

C. C. Lancaster, J. B. Earner, Philip F. Earner, Col. Richard G. 
Lay, Blair Lee, Ralph W. Lee, B. F. Leighton, Francis E. Leupp, 
Abraham Lisner, William Loeb, Jr., Francis B. Loomis, G. A. Lyon, Jr. 



hunter's official guide book. 115 

Maj. Charles L. IMcCawley, John McElroy, F. B. McGuire, David 
R. McKee, James H. McKinney, Fred D. McKenney, Rev. Dr. Ran- 
dolph H. AIcKim, John R. McLean, Lieut. Com. Horace Macfarland, 
Philadelphia; Wayne MacVeagh, Samuel Maddox, James D. Maher, 
Edgar F. Marbury, Capt. Edward M. Markham, W. J. Marsh, VV. F. 
Mattingly. William A. Maury, William A. Mearns, Samuel W. Meek, 
George P. IMerrill, Gen. Crosby P. Miller, John P. Miller, Willis L. 
Moore , James Dudley Morgan, Maj. Jay J. Morrow, Alexander Porter 
Morse, Capt. J. W. Morton, Nashville, Tenn. ; William H. Moses, 
Frank A. Munsey. 

Charles W. Needham, Charles P. Neill, Fleming Newbold, C. F. 
Norment, James L. Norris, Thomas C. Noyes. 

Mgr. D. J. O'Connell, James F. Oyster, Thomas Nelson Page. Wil- 
liam Tyler Page, Aulick Palmer, Andrew Parker, E. Southard Parker, 
M. M. Parker, A. K. Parris, Arthur J- Parsons, R. Ross Perry, Maj. 
J. H. H. Peshine, William Phillips, j'. W. Piling, Gifford Pinchot. J. 
A. Pugh, Norfolk, Va. ; Herbert Putman. 

Rev. Dr. Wallace Radcliffe, J. H. Ralston, A. E. Randle, D. M. 
Randsdell, W. H. Rapley, Commander L. L. Reamey, Robert Reyburn, 
C B. Rheem, Charles W. Richardson, F. A. Richardson, E. Francis 
Riggs, William A. Rogers, Rev. W. T. Russell. 

B. F. Saul, Gen. Theodore Schwan, George G. Seibold, Rev. Thomas 
J. Shahan, Edgar D. Shaw, L. P. Shoemaker, John S, Shriver. W. 
M. Shuster, Joseph C. Sibley, F. L. Siddons, John Crayke Simpson, 
Commander W. S. Sims. W. H. Singleton, J. B. Sleman, Jr., Charles 
C. Sloan, J. H. Small, Jr., Rev. Dr. Ernest C. Smith, E. Quincy Smith, 
Edward C. Smith, St. Albans, Vt. ; Rev. Dr. Herbert Scott Smith. 
Thomas W. Smith, Z. T. Sowers, Tileston F. Spangler, Zanesville, Ohio ; 
Ellis Spear, Gen. Bird W. Spencer, Passaic, N. J. ; S. S. Stearns. Gen. 
George M. Sternberg, F. C. Stevens, H. C. Stewart, William Strong, 
Jr., Princeton, N. J.; A. T. Stuart, G. W. F. Swartzell, Maj. Richard 
Sylvester. 

Rev. Wilbur P. Thirkield, Corcoran Thom, J. Ford Thompson, 
Ward Thoron, William Tindall, Col. John Tweedale, Ralph W. Tyler, 
Richard W. Tyler. 

F. A. Vanderlip, New York ; W. P. Van Wickle. 

Herbert Wadsworth, Ernest G. Walker, Thomas F. Walsh, B. H. 
Warner, B. H. Warner, Jr., John L. Weaver. Joseph I. Wcller. M. 
L Weller, Walter Wellman, George W. White, Robinson White, John 
F. Wilkins, H. K. Willard, William H. Wilmer, Gen. John M. Wilson, 
J. B. Wilmer, U. A. Woodbury, Burlington, Vt. ; Gen. Maxwell Van 
Z. Woodhull, Gen. George A. Woodward, S. W. Woodward, Robert 
S. Woodward, Augustus S. Worthington. 

James Barclay Young, James R. Young, Jerome B. Zerbe, Cleveland, 
Ohio. 

THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING AND PRIVATE FIRMS. 

Chief Clerk Rossiter of the Census has clearly established in his 
controversy with Public Printer Donnelly that private firms can exe- 



116 



HUNTER S OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



cute the printing for the Thirteenth Census much less than the big 
printery. Mr. Donnelly's statement in the public prints was, to 
say the least, disingenuous, while the Clerk of the Census' statement 
was clear, forcible and unequivocal. 

There are many private printing establishments in Washington and 
Mr. Rossiter will not have to go to Baltimore, New York, or else- 
where. The Sudwarth Company, printers of this Guide Book, are 
high class printers, with capacity to execute any class of government 
work. "There are others" in this city also capable of filling any gov- 
ernment contract for printing and binding. 

The "big printery" certainly seems to exact prices beyond the normal 
or in excess of what any private firm will charge for the same class 
of work. Why these high prices exist in the Government Printing Of- 
fice, where there are neither rent, taxes, light, or other expenses, such as 
have to be met by private firms, has long been a mystery. Let us hope 
Public Printer Donnelly will be able to solve this vexatious problem. 



.^2l., 



'(■ 



'^ 



HUNTERS OFFICIAL GUIDE BOOK. 



117 



^- ^vmiT^^T 



■ " ;;T-\i*-:;#:^v?5?t,^'s: 






C. T. HUNTER 
Of the C. T. Hunter Sanitary Dust-Killing Floor Oil, and 
Publisher of the Hunter Official Guide 



CKK»<KKK»«>*i»*i~x»*x«<~>«iKK»«><K*»XKKKK**XKK~i»'M**>«>':-«;»«;««x»»:»*x»*>M' 



118 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



THE HAEVAED PHAEMAOY 

ROBERT T. PETZOIvD, Ph. G., Proprietor 

Eleventh and Harvard Sts., N. W. 

Washington, D. C. 

<3UIL_D'© 

SOUVENIE AND NOVELTY STOEE 

111 Pennsylvania Ave., N. W. 

Washington, D. C^ 

WASHINQTON NOVELTY 00. 

Calendars, Novelties, Show Cards and Decorations 

Sole Agents for ' 'The Safety Key Ring " 
Office. 516 4J4 Street, S. W., Washington, D. C. 

Wines and I,iquors at Lowest Wholesale Prices 

J. KEONHEIM, Oapitol Saloon 

"Right Near the Peace Monument" 
123 Pennsylvania Ave,, N, W., Washington, D. C, 

FLOEIDA PEUIT STOEE A. tassa, Prop, 

Confectionery. Fine Imported Cigars and Tobacco 

Fancy Assortment of Olives. Phone, Main 4476 

107 Pa. Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. 

HAEEY SEOAL, Shoemaker 

115 Pennsylvania Ave., N. W.. Washington, D.C. 

Fine Shoe Repairing at Lowest Prices 
Shoes Half Soled, 40c. Heels, 20c. Sewed Work. $ J .00 

/. R. FEMRAtO 

Jeweler and Watchmaker 

2134 Penn. Jive., ti . IV. 



Expert Cleaning and Dyeing 
Established 1894. 



Fine Laundry Work 
Phone, Main 2704. 



Spindler's 

607 12th Street, N. W., Washington, D. 0. 

Phone, Main 1919 

HAI.MEMA1V CO. 

Cleaners Dyers 

1733 Penn. Avenue N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. 

S. KOIVIOSBERG 
Mercliaiit Xailor 

steam Cleaning, Pressing, Altering of Clothes 

a Specialty 
Phone Main 4254 1903 Pa. Ave. N. W. 



Everything New 



Absolutely Fireproof 



Phone, Main 5116 



Atlantic Hotel 



601 Pa. Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. 



Home Cooking Furnished Rooms 

Oysters in Every Style 

"THE ORO GRANDE" Lunnh and Dining Room 

For I<adies and Centlemen 
211 Pa. Jive., M. IV., Washington, D. C. 



ilding on Glass Plain and Fancy I,ettering 

Signs — H. Elmer Griffin 

Residence : 
1115 24th Street, N. W. 



Shop: 
3049 M Street, N. W. 



THE SHERIVIAN 

M. W. Sherman, Prop. Established 1897 

European Plan. Rooms 

50C., 75c., and j^I.oo per Day 

S. W. Cor. New Jersey Ave. and C St. N. W. 

Opposite New Union Station 

Telephone, East 57 Washington, D- C. 

Sight-Seeing Automobiles by the day or hour 

I,argest Souvenir Emporium in the South 

EOIJVARD E. BIAIVISIX 

Saloon 

-{059 M street, N. w. 

JOHN mORAN CO., incoirporated 

Plumbing, Gas Fitting, and Heating 

Furnaces, l,atrobes, Tin Roofing, Hardware, 

Paints, and Glass 

2126 Pennsylvania Avenue Phone, West 219 

■WrESX ET«D STABILES 

807 to 811 Nineteeiitb Street, :n.1^. 

Riding and Driving Horses for I,adies and Gen- 
tlemen. Dr. E. Fernev HOUGH, Proprietor. 
Phone, Main 1860 Washington. D. C. 

GLASGOW WOOLEN MILLS CO.. Ltd., Tailors 

Suit or Overcoat Made to your Measure 

$15 to $35 

615 Penna. Avenue, N. W. Washington, D. C. 

D. J. I,OCKARD. Manager 

American and European Plan AH Rooms Steam Heated 
MAJESnC HOXEI. 

S. Gordon, Prop. 470-472 Pennsylvania Ave.. 

N. W., Washington, D. C. Phone, Main 54-80 

$1 per day and upward. Special Rates to Parties. 

Extra Show Rooms for Salesmen 

THE 0RI6INAL SAMPLE SHOE STORE 
]»len's $3 to $6 Samples, $ 1.98-2.45 

Special Sale of Ladies' and Children's Fine 

Samples. Phone, Main 3280. 

B. lyEWIS 

317 Pennsylvania Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Phone, Main 1644 

THE DELMONT CAFE AND QUICK LUNCH 

C. A. ROUSSOS & CO., Prop'rs 
930 Pennsylvania Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Terms Cash Phone, Main 1088 

]S. E. BESSOIH 

J329 I4th St. and 1800 Pa. Ave. N.W., Wasliington, D. C. 
Cleansing of I^adies,' Gentlemen's and Child- 
ren's Garments, I^ace Curtains, Blankets, etc., by 
the French Process of Naphtha, Steam, Sulphur, 
and Dry Cleansing. 



BUSINESS MKN S DIRECTORY 



119 



NO BETTER MACHINE MADE AT ANY PRICE 





,^^ 


Wml^L"^^ 




1 




^^m 


E^ 


I" _|_ ^_JI---_L— i— jj 




vl__— --^ -^ 1 






1 



THE WELLINGTON 

TYPEWRITER 



RUNS LIKE 
SELLS LIKE 
SELLS FOR 



60 



WASHINGTON OFFICE, 
509 11th St. N. W. 




RENTS FOR ONLY $2.00 A MONTH 

4 MONTHS' RENTAL APPLIES ON PURCHASE 



..•"•-•-•"i 



•••••••••"••••••••••-••••••••• 



•••••••••••••••• ••••••••-••••^••••■^^•m 



120 BUSINESS men's directory. 

•^ •••••*•»•• <••••.•••■•-••••■•••.•.•••.•.•••••..•. .•..•..•..•..«..•..•..•..«. .•..«..«..•..•..•..•»•• .«..»..•..«..»..«..«..«..«. .ut..s..« .«..*..«..«..*.-^ 

PURITY For Food or Medical Use QUAI^IXY I 

POMPEIAN BRAND 
Extra 1 Lucca Virgin Olive Oil 

IS UNEQUALLED 

Insist and your dealer will get it for you. 
Sold in original imported tins and bottles. 
For sale everywhere. 

PIBJXS QUARTS <^AI.I.OPiS 

THE POMPEIAN CO. 

702 Fifth Street N. W. Washington, D. C. 

** You can always find it at Andrews' '* 

The Most Representative Paper 

and Stationery House South 

of New York 

OUR lines of high-gra(ie stationery, paper and office supplies are always splendidly 
complete. The)^ are never allowed to become depleted, which gives you the 
assurance that you will have your every want filled to the letter when you buy from 
Andrews. Buying our goods direct from the manufacturers, and in such large 
quantities, saves the middleman's profit and thereby enables us to quote our customers 
the lowest possible prices consistent with the high quality of the goods we handle. 
No matter what it is — if it's made of paper — you can find it at Andre'V%'S' 

R. P. Andrews Paper Company 

625-27-29 Louisiana Ave. N.W. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



BUSINESS MKX S DIRKCToRV. 



121 




The Chemistry Building in Connection with the Department of Agriculture 



122 



BUSINESS men's directory. 



Overlooking Thomas Circle 

The 
Cumberland 

14th St. and Thomas Circle 

On Car Ivine 
WASHINGTON. D. C. 



High-Class Furnished Rooms 



Transients and Tourists a Specialtu 
Popular Prices 

Select Table J. C. HOWARD 



OEORGE M. OFENSXEIN 

Carriag'e 9Iaker 

TrimmiDg and Painting 215 B Street, N. E. 

Fine Wines, Old Whiskies and Brandies 
Liquors of All Kinds. Choice Cigars 



Philadelphia House 

M. F. CARROIvIv, Prop. 

Restaurant and Saloon 

348 Pennsylvania Jtve., N. W. 
Washington, D. C. 



Meals to Order Everything First-Class 
Billiard and Pool Parlors Attached 

NATIONAIv TAILORING CO 

Tailors and Furnishers 

Suits to Order. Suits Cleaned and Pressed, 75c. 
223 Penn. Ave., N. W. 

BROl^NIBiG & BAIISHS' 

Oriental Coffee 
IS X H K B 1^: S X 



Phone, Main 7539 



J. J. MURPHY 

National 
Livery Stables 

309 and 311 

Sixth Street, Morthwest 

Washington, D. C. 



Boarding and Hiring 
Specialty 



All Kinds of Traps and Carriages 

Weddings and Reception Work a Specialty 

WASHINGTON LIVERY AND SALE STABLE 

JAMES RYAN, Prop. Telephone. Main 366 
418 to 420 8th Street. N. W.. Washington, D. C. 



L,adies* Cafe 



Phone. Main 3748 



RICK'S BUFFET AND RESTAURANT 

1908 Pennsylvania Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

A. GHISELLI & 00., Tailors and Drapers 
1736 Pennsylvania Avenue 

Repairing, Cleaning, and Pressing 
Phone, Main 1448 

The 20tli Century Hotel and Cafe 

628 Penn. Ave., Washington, D. C. 

Ivadies' and Gentlemen's Dressing Rooms 

Furnished Rooms 

75c., $1, and $1.50 per day 

J. KARR, Proprietor Phone, Main 1578 

Phone, Main 7031 

MARYLAND IRON AND METAL COMPANY 

Buyers of all kinds of Machinery. Iror, Brass, 
Copper. l,ead. Blocked Tin, Pewter, and Paper 
Stock, paying highest prices for same. 

A. I.EVY, 6th & K N. W.. and 515 & 517 K N. W. 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



123 



DRAUGHONly PRACTICAL 




BUJ'INEJ'J' COLLEGEJ' 



*'AU the Draughon stars are lucky stars" 

31 Colleges in 17 States 

is the record of Draughon 's success in 20 years 



"Thi great DrangJtou chain of Bii,v7i<'s.i College 
kind in this country, and probably in all the world. 



is tlie largest organ izatum of the 
— Wasliington Star. 



Preparation Complete training courses in Bookkeeping, Short- 
For Real Life ha"d, Telegraphy, Banking, Typewriting, Civil 
Service. Send coupon below for Catalog. 

Good Positions 

Written contract to st'cure you a 
position, under reasonaVjle conditions, 
or refund all tuition. Address 



Dear Sirs: 

Please send me your free catalog, without 
placing me under any obligations to attend 
one of your colleges or to order ihe Home 
Study course. I have marked "X" opposite 
courses interested in. [H .^.J 



Mark tills side 

if interested in Home 
Study Course. 



Mark tbis Nide 

if interested in a 
Course at College. 



Bookkeeping (Complete) . 

Banking 

Shorthand 

t Penmanship 

? Business Arithmetic 

t Touch Typewriting 

t Telegraphy 

i Letter Writing 

I Business English 

I Commercial Law 

t Law (Admission to Bar) . 

Civil Service 



Name 

Address 



JNO. F. DRAUGHON. Pres. 

Draugtion's Practical 
Business College 

Chesley Building, 1317-19 N. Y. Ave. 
Washington, D. C. 

or any i)lace on aliove map. 

EDGAR M, HAYES, Local Snpt. 
H. B. DURHAM. Washington Mirr. 



~>— ii»'i»i ••-•>•••••• 



-••••• ••-•"••••-••••~*~*> •«.i«ii«i.»~»~«~>..«..«. .•«•..««•.. 



124 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



WILLIAM N. ROACH, JR. 

ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW 

PATENTS AND PATENT CAUSES 

METZEROTT BUILDING 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PATENTS 



secured. Inventors' 
Pocket Companion 
sent Free on request. Send description 
for free opinion as to patentability. W. N. 
Roach, Jr., Metzerott Building, Wash- 
ington, D. C. 



YOUR PICTURE MADE on Postal Cards 
day or night. Finished while you wait. 
Two for 25c.: six for SOc. Mention this ad. and 
receive e.xtra photo free with your order. Elec- 
tric Studio, 515 Ninth St. N. W., Near F. 

AUGUST NIEBEL, jobber and dealer in 
Glass^vare, Plasks, Corfes 

Prescription Ware, Burners, Wicks, etc. All 
orders by mail will receive prompt attention. 
515 432 St. S. W. Phone, Main 1200. 

PARKWAY LIVERY COMPANY. Car- 
riages furnished for weddings, receptions, 
etc. Everything first-class. E. S. Simpson and 
F. D. Veale, Managers. Nos. 1065 and 1067 32d 
St.. Washington, D. C. Telephone, West 163. 



LEE & AMELINE 
iMantrurmg ^arlnra 



Manicuring, Shampooing 
and Hair Dressing 

ELECTRIC VIBRATOR 
Facial and Scalp Treatment 

Rooms 4 and 5, 906 F Street N. W. 

Telephone, Main 7405 
Also patrons treated at residence 



JOSEPH BUSH, importer of and wholesale 
dealer in Fine Wines, Whiskies and Fancy 
Groceries. Monastery, Pabst, and Schlitz Beers 
always on ice readv for table use. Special at- 
tention to family trade. 1737 Pa. Ave. N. W., 
Washington, D. C. Phone. Main 3043. 

YENDOME HOTEL, Pa. Ave. and 3d Street 
N. W., Washington, D. C. Thoroughly 
renovated. Telephones in rooms. New man- 
agement. Wni. G. Miller, proprietor, formerly 
of Maryland Hotel, Lonaconing, Md.: Sherwood 
Hotel. Grafton, W. Va.; Belden Hotel, Atlantic 
City, N. J. Special rates for the summer. Phone 
Main 5230. 



EJASELLI & BROTHERS 
, iMroRXBus 

Wines, Liquors, and Table Delicacies 
Pure Olive Oil • 2118 Penna. Ave. N. W. 
Phone, 202 West. Washington. D. C. 

JD. BOND 
REGISTERED DUIUWBER 

Plumbing and Gas -Fitting, Work promptly 
done. Charges reasonable. 117 Pa. Ave. N.W. 
Phone, Main 4686-M. 



HOWARD HOUSE, cor. Sixth St. and 
Pa. Ave., Washington, D. C. 
American Plan $2 and $2.50 Day 

JOHN B. SCOTT HOTEL CO. 

T ERARIO'S BARBER SHOP 
517 First St. N. W. and 518 N. J. Ave. 



H 



ZIMMERMAN 

Antique Furniture 

AT«(» CURIOS 

410 NINTH STREET N. W. 



TEMPLE DRUG STORE 
cor. P and 9tta Sts. r«i.^^. 
C. F. KIRKANDALL CO., Proprietors 
Open all niglit 



E 



JACOBS & CO. 

MERCHANT TAII.ORS 

Experts on Peg-Leg Tronsers 
406K NINTH STREET NORTHWEST 



TURNER'S SANITARY SHAVING 
PARLOR 
Twelve Chairs. No Wailing 
608 Ninth Street Biorthv^est 

/COLONIAL WINE COMPANY 
318 Ninth Street BJ. W. 



R 



IGGS HOUSE 

O. G. STAI»KES, Proprietor 
'WashinKton, D. C. 



BUSINESS men's DIRECTORY. 125 

1 photographs! 



HIGH-CLASS PHOTOGRAPHY AT i 

i 

PRICES WITHIN REACH OF ALL 1 

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED I 



J. ROBERT BROOKS! 

Successor to J. D. MERRITT ? 

907 Penna. Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. j 

^ ■•-••••••■•■••••••••• .••••••••••>••••••.••••.••■■•••••••»•. .•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•• .••.••<•>••••••••••••••• .#..#..».••..•"•..•.••••••■•■••"•"•■ •••^ 

ZEROLENE 

and the following grades of 

VACUUM MOBILOILS: 

"A"— "B" "C"— "D"-"E" 

Offer a line from which you can select a lubricant 
suited to the needs of anj' automobile in use 

For Sale by 

ALL DEALERS AND GARAGES 

Trade Supplied by 
STANDARD OIL CO., Inc., Washington Loan and Trust Building 
I Phone. Main 4640 Ninth and F Streets 



126 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 




J 



Phone. Main 5470 

oeTurner's Buffet 

For Ladies and Gents 

602 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



JOE TURNER 

Welterweight Champion 
Wrestler of the South 



Ladies Admitted With Escort Only 

M. B. CASEY. Manager 



Joe Turner, welterweight champion of the South, was born in Prince 
George County, Maryland, Feb. 17th, 1887, and began his career as a wrestler 
in 1904 by defeating Walter Gallager for the District championship, 125 
pounds. Since then has acquired the remarkable record of 117 victories 
sustaining onlj- two defeats, one at the hands of George Hackenschmidt (225 
pounds), the Russian lion, at Convention Hall in 1908. He has met the best in 
the country and challenges the world at 148 pounds. 






■••••••••••••••■•••■••••••••■••■••••• 



■••••••.••••••••• 



"••••••••■••••■••••••■•••••■•■•••••■•••■••■•■•••••••••••■•••■•■••■•••• 



Agents for JOHN B. STETSON HATS 

Local Representatives for EARL & WILSON'S High-Grade SHIRTS 



We handle goods made only 
by well-known houses, and 
stand back of every dollar's 
worth of merchandise we sell 



DREYFUSS BROS. 

OUTFITTERS TO MEN WHO KNOW 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRKCTOKV 



127 




i OX^^Wwe— XoTcve?i\cAe 



o 

S 





i I \^a^a^cisVvxv<^oxvCcx\\ii\eg> 



TRADE MARKS REGISTERED IN U.S. PATENT OFFICE I906. 



R ATEN TS 

SECrRKn OR FKE RP:XVK.?>iE:i> 

Send sketch for free report as to patentability. 
GUIDK BOOKand WHAT TO INVENT.with val- 
uable L,ist of Inventions wanted, sent free. ONE 
MIIyLION DOLLARS offered for one invention : 
$16,0u0 for others. Patents secured by ns adver- 
tised free in World's Progress ; sample free. 
VICTOR J. EVAN^. & CO. . Washington. D. C. 



Select Table Board 

at Xtbe Pasa 

Pennsylvania Avenue and 22(1 St. 

Apartment 205 

Special Attention paid to Tourists 
Phone, West 289 

ARTHUR P. GREELEY 

Attorney and Counsellor in Patent 
and Trade-Mark Causes 

Washington l.oan and Trust liiiilding 
WASHINGTON. D. C. 



Theonlii Fii iil-Clnss Si iiiwt-Clnxi' llntrtin WnK/iiniiloti 

HOT£L OXFORD 

Cor. Fourteenth St. and N. Y. Avenue. N. W. 

Washinj^ton, D. C. 
One Block from White House and Treasury 
Terms ■ ■ '-'"'opean, ll.Odper day and up. 

■ i' American, $J.Ou per day and up 

Phone. Main 416<) WALTER BtlRTON, Prop. 



Phone. Main 3978 



The Tremont 

EUROPEAN 

Second St. and Indiana Ave. N. W. 
Washington, D. C. 



A Homelike, Comfortable Hotel 
d. Thoroughly Renovated and 
Well Heated C Convenient to 
Union Station and All Car Lines 

Special Terms by WccU. or Moiitb 

I. H. ROWLAND 

(latptg luflTrt 

511 Miiitli Street X. W. 

MRS. L WILKINS 

: 1209iG Street N. W. : 

FURNISHED ROOMS 

Permanent and Transient 

Regal Garage 

I,. C STRICK 
1333 Fourteentli St. N. W, 



128 



BUSINESS MENS DIRECTURV, 




J. R. FEARNO 
3iatrl)makfr 

2134 Pennsylvania Avenue 
Washington, D. C. 



D^ 



(Urtmmt iatrg ICunrlj 

FOR LADIES AND GENTLEMEN 

S. E. Corner Second and C vStreets N. W. 

A few doors north of Census Building. 
Phone, Main 5524. GEO. I,. I^ARSSEN, Piopr 

PHILIP J. ROCHE 

1335 K St. N. W. 

Buffet and Bowling Alleys 

L/ive Pin-Setters for Inauguration 



Wiley's Suggestion 

A 5c SMOKE 

of Quality for Inauguration Visitors 

J. W. WILEY, Cigar and News-Stand 

405^2 Tenth Street N. W. 

PATENTS 

Expert advice free. Write for Free 
Patent Booklet. 

BDGAR M. KIXCHi:^, 
Ouray BIdK:., 'Wasbiiii^ton, ». C. 



PATENTS 

Immediate attention day or night to 
inventors who are in city for limited time. 

O. E. DUFKV & SOB{, Attorneysl 

612 F Street N. W. 
Day Phone. Main 1586 Night, North 3536 



Fire Insurance 



Rents Collected 



WILLIAM R. HODGES 
REAL ESTATE, LOANS AND INSURANCE 

1312 F St. N.W., Washington, D. C. 
Phone, Main 1321 
Representing Continental Ins. Co. of N.Y., Na- 
tional Union of Pittsburg, Pa., koyal Ins. of I<iv- 
erpool, Kne-. and other old reliable companies. 



kISTRICT PHARMACY 

Established 187" 
JOHX A. NELSON, Clieuiist 

Ind. Ave., Island C ,Sts. N.W., Washington, D.C; 

CHICAGO CAFE 
825 Ninth Street N. W. 
Cleanliness Home Cooking 

ipDWARD MANNIX 

^ BUFFET 



3059 M St. N.W. 



Phone, West 753 



Phone, Main 7078 

THE ST. LOUIS 

809 14th Street N. W. 

iRnoma bg iag. With or fUnntli 

Two squares from White House and 
Treasury. All car lines pass here. 

M. E. COLE, Proprietor 

Washington, D. C. 



Abner-Drury Brewing Company 

Old Glory 
Royal Pilsen 

Washington 

Hof-Brau 

BEERS 



The sales of these high-grade beers ex- 
cel those of any other in Washington, 
because their quality, age and purity are 
the best 

HOTTI.ED HY 

The Northwestern Bottling Company 

i6oi Fifth St. I^.W. 

For a Case, Phone North 1565 



BUSINESS MKN S DIRI'CTom'. 



129 



THE OIvYMPIA CAFE. I^ouis Chaconas, Pro- 
prietor. Ladies' and gentlemen's dining 
room. Everything neat and clean. Uiiick and 
polite service. Short orders a specialty. Regular 
meals 15 and 25 cents. Meal tickets for sale. 450 
Pa. Ave. N.W.. Washington, DC. Phone M.3257. 



PARK LUXCH ROOM. Mrs. Hertie Green. 
Proprietress Ladies' and Kentlemen' dining 
rooni. Everything neat and clean. (Juick and 
polite service. Short orders a specialty. Meal 
tickets for sale. 512 E S-. N.W., Washington, I).C. 



T>-»TBURY vS: LEE (H. Potbury. W. (",. Lee)- 
aT manufacturers of fine Hoots and Shoes. Rid" 
ing. Hunting, and Coachmen's Boots a specialty 
Repairing neatly and promptly attended to. Es- 
tablished 1874. 50S 11th St. N. W.. bet. E and F. 
Washington, D. C. Phone. Main 2477. 



ELITE LUNCH AND DINING KOOMS. 
1.>2im; St. N. W. Regular incals daily, in- 
cluding Sundays. Short orders a specialty. First 
class service. Business Men's Lunch li. 30 to 4 
i>. m. M. M. Reed. Proprietor. 

WH. D0U(;LAS, Brass and Iron Works. 
• Brass Moulding and Finishing. All 
kinds ol Jobbing done. Fire Escapes manufac- 
tured and put up. I'hone. M. 1210. 
I2IO K Ht. M.W., Wasliinscton, D. C. 



Cbc national Pboto €o. 



COMMERCIAL AND 
AMATEUR WORK 
A SPECIALTY ^ 



Quick Service 



WJOSEl'II KRorSE K.OI>AK» 

• PhotOK^raptilc Supplies 

l»eveloping and Printing Itromidt Enlarking 

737 Ninth Rtnt-t N. W. . m-ar H 

Phonf. Main 4330 

HARRY KOKONES 
SoutlieaHt Candy Kitclieii 

Fine Candies, Bon-lions. Chocolates, Delicious 
Ice Cream. Phiuie. Lincoln 1K35. 

205 Pa. Ave. S. E., Washington. I). C. 

GEORGE L. McCURDY 
COAI< AND ^!VOOI> 

Orrin A. Kitchin. Manager 

121S 4th Street N. W. Washington. I). C 

Telephone. North 57S 



WALTER T. SMITH .v (,'C). 
WOOU, COAL, COKK 

Arthur B. Smith, Manager 

S12 Fifth Street N. W. Washington, D. C. 

Phone, Main 74(1 



JH. CHESLEY Ne-ws Stand 

• Confectloner>- 

Mllk and nutter. Coal and 'Wood 

71(1 SECOND STK'EET N. W. 



rORDAN & CO., INC. (Eldridge E.Jordan. 
I Bert T. Amos, Wm. P. .Meredith). 
Rli.^kl^ ESTATE 
Insurance and l.,oan8 

1305 G Stieet .\. W. 



Rug Weaving 

out of 
Old Carpets 



421 Eleventh Street N. W. 



Phone, M. 3436 



I EG DAVIS, Merctiant Tailor 

-J 1013 E Sinel N. W. 

Practical up-to-date cutter. Special attention 
given to tirst-cl.iss altering, dyeing, and repair- 
ing men's and wiiinen's clothes. Phone M. 155J<. 



rpiIE VV.A.LOCKWOOD DENTAL CO.,deal- 
1. er> in Dental SuppIieH, Porcelain 
Teeth, tine Insi luineu Is. and Filling Materials. 
Dentifrices and Office Furniture of all kinds. 
R. moved to 120.S G St. N.W., Washington, I). C. 



H.\ REEVES. Dyer and Cleaner* 
• E.Xpert in Dry-CIeaning Evening (lowns 
aiKl Fancy Dresses Worlc called for and deliv- 
ered pioinptl\. Telephone ciMiiieci ion. 

920 MinUi !*l. l*i. W. 

THE CROWN, a Place to Eat Hreak- 
tast —Lunch — Dinner Far sui passing any 
other concern in the Di-.tiicl. I'.xcellenl food at 

nioderai.- prices. 510 Eleventh Street 

I^. ^'..JUHt l)«>l0'%V E. 



931 FIFTH STREET N.W. 
Telephone, Main 4325 



CAPITAL TOWEL SERVICE COM- 
PANY. 
720 ISititli St. X. W. 



B. FINKESTEIN 

TAII.(»R and I^IPOKTEK 
721 >iintli street >i. '\V. 



M 



RS. M. HAYES 

234 V Strc'i't N. \V. 

KooiiiH and lloiirti 
Perinaneiit or TriiiiHlent 



E' 



'LI/AHETII C. KELTHER 

Et'R>iISHi:i> KOOMS 

.SOS ]2lli St. N W. W'.isliiiiqloii, D. C. 



130 



r.USINBSS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



•^. •..•..#..«.. «..»..«. .«..«..*..*.. •..«..•..•..•. .•..#..•*.«. .•.■•..•..•..•.••..•..•..•. .•«•..»..•..•..•..•«•. .«.. 



• •••••••••••• ••••^ 



THE XEIJV WAY AX 

The Washington Remedial and Hygienic i 
Institute and Sanitarium, Their 




g 

Ul 



Q 
Ul 



5 





Ul 

(k 





X 

5) 







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H 
lb 



Pror. H. Bi. D. PARKER. 

Prof. Parker's method of Enforcing — Restoring — the circulation of the Blood 
and Nerve Vital Fluids to the spinal column, the L/imbs, and affected parts (of 
the Body) is a positive cure for Locomotor-Ataxia, Rheumatism, Bright's Dis- 
ease, and those ailmenis of the spine and nervous system that baffle the skill of 
the medical world, preclude refreshing sleep, make life miserable and walking 
impossible. 

We are able to guarantee a cure in all cases of Locomotor-Ataxia, Rheuma- 
tism, Bright's Disease, etc., that we undertake. We are seeking the incurable 
cases, and request physicians and all interested to investigate. We will show 
you and make good all promises. Our methods are scientific, natural and suc- 
cessful. There are no unpleasant examinations, treatments, or medicines. 
Full particulars and consultation free. Send or call for Pamphlet. Our Sani- 
tarium for the accommodation of our out-of-town Patients and those of this city 
who are without a home will be found all that can be desired. The Prices, 
Terms, and the accommodation will be attractive and satisfactory, and are for 
your comfort, and everything will be done to hasten your Recovery. 

See Prof. H. B(. ». PARKER, 

I022 ^Intb St., ^. 'W., \Va.«hiii](ton, ». C. Formerly 1424 N. Y. Ave. 

Houri^: lo to 5; Sundays, lo to i, and any hour by appointment. 

Con.sultation and treatment at your home if desired. 

I^ADY ASSISTANT. Phone. M. 4112 

See Non-Medical Healinjj Cla.s.sified Page of the Times every day, and back cover City 
Directory. You may make appointment by phone. 



♦••• 



»••••-•**••••. «»»*»*»»*•«*.».■»«■<«». .•••#M«*****«*.«M«.*«*.«« 



• #M«M«M«*.«»«»#..«..9..»M«..«M#..«M«M»M#*^.^..«.^ 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



131 



TTO ANY ONE passing in a transcript of the following cut a week's 
FREE TUITION in any Shorthand Class will be given. If you 
can not read it yourself, ask some stenographer to write it out for you. 
Bring in the Fage with the Transcript 




,;--c.v.v^ y ^. - - 

THE TEMPLE SCHOOL 

Elevator Service Phone, Main 3258 



Phone Main 2873-Y 

ROBERT HARRIS 

Cleaning, Pressing, Dyeing, Repairing 

Ladies and Oeiit'H Garments 

Work called for and delivered 
906 nth St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 



Phone, Main 1741 

M. J. AXKIXiiiOX 

Dealer in 

Wiiie<^, I^iqiior$4, and Cii^ars 

831 Seventh Street, N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



Phone, Main 7258 

CHAS. T. NEAL 

Merchant Tailor 

519 I'^Mirteenth Street, N. W. 
Washington, D. C. 



I,EO OEDEKOVKN, Proprietor 

13th St. andN.Y. Ave. N. W. 
Phone. Main 2154 Washington, D. C. 

Cabtrs anii (^tixts BUxxixq ^aaixxs 



THE POTOMAC SIGN CO. 



1 10 4)4 St. N.W.. Washington, D. C. 



"Hurry CI/^ MC On 
Up" Ol^llO Cotton 



Canvas, Windows, Show Cards, Etc. 



132 BUSINESS MENS DIRECTORY. 

♦••••••••■•• •••••• .....•.••.••.••.••.••.••.••.••.••. •••• ..•.••....•• .••••• .- ............................ 

DAIRY DISHES SOUPS, 5c. I 



The 

Broadway 
Lunch 

726 

Thirteenth Street, Northwest 

Just a Little Different 

Ladies and Gents 



WM. B. O'NEILL WM. E. BEALL 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTOKV 



133 



M 

M' 



W. MICHAEIv 

CL,E:A^iKR and OVER 

1229 Wisconsin Avenue 



F. FOIvLIN 

712 12th St. X. W 



Furnistied Rooms 
Periiianeiit and Transient 



H 



KNRV ACHTKRKIRCHEN 
RKSTAVRAMT 



205 Seventh St. N.W., Washington. D. C. 
Phone. Main 917 

rOHN SCRIVENER 

' REAL KSXAXB BROKER 
and ]Kotary Public 

v»0 G Street N. W. 



The Sampson Dairy 

R. F. SOPKR, Proprietor 

1015 BJew York Avenue 

The p-inest Milk and Cream sold in the 
cit\-. We conduct the only strictly 

Dairy L\incH 

in the city, and serve the 

Hoffman House Coffee 



Purity and cleanliness 
our motto 

Phone, >Iain 6S.]9 

>Va»liiiiKton, O. C. 



Telephone, 461 Main 

Bennett B. Slade Co. 
liirrdmnt aatlurB 

Cleaning, Altering, and Repairing. Renovating 
of Ladies' and Gents' Suits equal to nevv. Work 
called for and delivered. 

i).\vi.>-i in;iL.r>iNfi 

1201 Penna. Ave. N. W.. Washington, D. C. 



SHKIvBY CLARKE ART COMPANY 
W.l G St. N.W.. Washington. I). C. 
Palntlnics, Kraniet*, Mirrors 
Fine Arts Telephone. Main 22y.; 



ROYAL CAFE 
GERMAIN KITCHEI« 

RUDOLF RKHAGK 

5(i5 nth St. N. W. Telephone. Main 115" 



A 



NNIE I. EYLER 

817 9th St. N. W. 



I'pholstering: and Clialr Caning 
Kurnlture Repairing 

BAKRRSMITH & COOK 
fR. Bakersniith, George R.Cook) 
House and Decorative Painters 

IU02 K Street N.W. Ph one. North 3365-M 

BKNJ. R. COLES & CO. 
Eurnlture Ipholsterers 

Factory: 909 9th St. N.W. Washington. D. C- 

Phone, 6516 Main 

JL. LEVERTON & CO. 
, Th,- M.uirl < '/oak an J Suit Slot;- 

Women's Outer-GarmenU Exclusively 

1115 G St. N.W . Washington. I). C. 



GEO. H. AMREIN 
Baker and Confectioner 

1009 N. Y. .\ve. NW., Washington. I) C. 
Phone. Main 2238. 



PATENTS 



Our tree 60-pa.ere book for Inventors tells what 
you want to know about Protective Patents, 
our terms, and our personal service. Advice 
free. We are retained by some of the largest 
concerns in the Unite<l States in Patent and Trade-Mark matters. References cheer- 
fully furnishe<l. No free offers, fake schemes, free advertising, or bogus 
patent guarantee propositions. No fee received by us if patent is not granteil. 

BEELER & ROBB - Attorneys at Law 

Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Practice 

Offices: 106-110 McGill Building WASHINGTON, D. C. 

OPPOSITE U. S. PATENT OFFICE 

Our Mr. Beeler was for ten vears Patent Ivxaminer in the United States Patent OtVice 



134 



BUSINESS MENS DIRECTORY. 



^.•..••« •.>•**•»•..•..•..••• 



..•..«..•..•..••■•.•••*•»•■ .••.•..•..•»•..•..•.■•..•. -^ 



LOANS 



ON 



DIAMONDS, WATCHES, JEWELRY, ETC. 



H. K. FULTON'S 
LOAN OFFICE 



ESTABLISHED 1870 



314 Ninth Street N. W. 




Diamonds 
High-Grade 
Watches and 
Jewelry 

on sale at 

Very Low 
Prices 



Use 

Good 

Judgment 

And 

Goto 

The 

Most 

Reliable 

And 

Largest 

Office 

In 

Washington 

& 



•^ •••••■•••••»•••••••••••••• ••*•••••>•••••••••••»•>■••.•*•••>•>•••••-*•>••>•••••-••••■• 



.•..•..•^•..•..•.•••*«*«»»»i 



.»..,. 4. 



BUSINESS men's DIRECTOKV. K^S 



^ .»».»M»..>W».1»1.»1.»..»M»».»W». 



•.•..•..•..•^•^••.•••. »»««»»«» " »-» " •■■•■■• " •■ 



WOOD'S 

Commercial School 

J// £^asf Capitol St., Washington, D. C. 

• 

Established 1885 Telephone, Lincoln 58 \ 

I 

f 
TEACHERS 

COURT FOSTER WOOD. LL. M.. Principal (Thirty Years' Experience) 

Mrs. COURT FOSTER WOOD. Assistant Principal ( Fifteen Years' Experience) 

Miss MARTHA BLANCHE HOGSETT, Principal of Shorthand Deparlmenl (Twelve 
Years' Experience ) 

KARL G. MERRILL, Principal of Commercial Department ( Seven Years' Experience) 

COURSES OF SXIDV 

BOOKKEEPING SPELLING RAPID CALCULATION 

SHORTHAND BANKING FORMS AND[CUSTOMS 

ARITHMETIC CORRESPONDENCE TYPEWRITING 

GRAMMAR BUSINESS LAWS \ 

? 



Civil Service and Census Office 

Preparation j 

? 

In Classes, Private Lessons, or by Mail : 

• 

Specially prepared books furnished each student. • 

Volume I — Arithmetic. » 

Volume II — Punctuation, letter-writing, plain copy, rough draft, and read- I 

ing addresses. i 

Volume III — Geography, railway mail, and spelling. • 

• 
Two tablets of one hundred pages each of problems written down for t 

rapid preparation. The books cost $1 each and the tablets 50 cents each. t 

A complete cost of a course of civil service preparation is $10. t 



136 



nUSIXKSS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



WE LEAD— OTHERS FOLLOW 

Sight - Seeing Automobile Coaches 
"TOURING WASHINGTON' 

Main Office: 600 Pa. Avenue X. lY. - Hov^ard HoUvSe 

Telephone Main 1074-1075. 



Night Telephones! Columbia 2419 
j Columbia 1915 




lUKAVES KVERY' HOIR ON XHK HOUR DAILV 

From Sixth St. and Pa. Ave. Bi. w., Ho-ward House, and i4tti St. 
and Pa. Ave. 2^. W., opposite ISew 'Willard Hotel 

No connection with any other company. No ladders to climb. Built for the con- 
venience of ladies. No jolting. Easy, smooth-riding machines. Passing en-tour all 
principal places of interest. 

Only company operating 32-passenger, four-motor-drive, 1908 model, 40-24 passenger 
and 10-12 passenger automobiles for private parties at special rates for weddings, conven- 
tions, tours, schools, etc. 

Also operating 12- 1.1 passenger 60 H. P. automobile for touring Arlington, National 
Cemetery, Ft. Meyer and Virginia Suburbs. 

Tickets can be secured and seats reserved at our main office, 600 Pennsylvania Ave- 
nue, N. W., and 14th Street. Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W., opposite the New \\'illard 
Hotel and all the leatling hotels of the city. 

Be sure to get tickets for right coach 
No ladders to climb 
New coaches, 1908 model 

Don't be misled by imitators — old rebuilt coaches 
Ours are new, modern, up-to-date. 
Our lecturers and chauffeurs are neat, polite, courteous and attentive at all times. 
For advance information looking to special arrangements for transfers to and from 
station to hotels and sight-seeing trips, communicate with main otVice. 

We are tlie Only Home Company operatinjj: in liVastiinjfton 
and give our entire time to the perfection of the service here. We, therefore, invite the 
closest inspection of our entire equipment and honestly solicit your patronage. 
Will transfer free of charge to hotels parties of five or more. 



"•• .•..#..•.. 



••••••"••••" 



nrSlNESS MEN S DIKIX r(JKN . 



VM 



Manicure Parlors 

A. C. LUBER CO., Inc. 

}1nti$cptic 
Barber Shop 

C ndci Xaiional '//watrr 
MOD/-:/, n AT If S 

LARGEST AND FINEST IN THE CITY 
15 Chairs 

Open Until Midnight 

Souvenirs O . GOODWIN Novelties 

Dealer in Diamonds. Watches. Jewelr^■. Musi- 
cal Instruments A specialt\ of repairing Chro- 
nometers, Watches. Jewelry. 469 "Pennsylvania 
Avenue. N. W.. Washington, U. C. Also Auto 
Tickets for Sale. 

Phonr, Main 1932 

Hotel lie gent 

Under New Management 
Fiiteenth Street and Penti. Ave., N. W. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Headquarters for Tourists 

Opposite the White House (Vrounds and 
Treasury. Convenient to all Theatres, 
Public Buildin.i^s and Grounds. 
Newly Equipped and Reno- 
vated Throu.i^hout 

Rates Moderate E. W. WHEELER, Prop'r 

A. CHACONAS, Washington Candy Kttnben 

California I'ruils. Ci.uars and Tciliacco 

I'hone. West 71 I 
S. W. Cor. 20th St. and Pa. Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. 



AUTOMOBILES FOR HIRE 



SIGHT SEEING 

TOURING 
THEATRE PARTIES 

CALLING 
STRAW RIDES 



Regal Garage 

1333 Fourleenlh Street, N. W. 

I. C. STRICK 
'I'elcphonc, North 215J 

$3.00 First Hour— $2.50 Each Additional Hour 

Rooms 50c. to $2 per night. Special Rates by week or month 

J. E. HAERINGTON'S HOTEL 

100 First St. and 101 Pa. Ave., N. W.. Washington, D. C. 

All Rooms Must be Paid for in Advance 

Bath and Toilet on Third Floor 



Mew Store 



New Goods 



"Things liubber" 

Washington 
Rubber Co. 

lOth Sr FSts. 
Washington, D. C. 

Phone, Main 6995 Mew Concern 



Plioiie, Main 2562 



The J^eliance 

119 Pa. Ave. M. W. 
Washington, D. C. 

Nicely Furnished Rooms, 25c. 50c ami 75r 
Per Night 



138 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY, 



Smokers and Club Rooms 
for Private Parties 



DAVID S. TINNIN 

Manager 



I,adies' and Gentlemen's Cafe 
Stag Ivuncheon, 12 to 2 

8th and E N. W. 

Phone, Main 4350 



Pool, Billiard, and 
Bowling Alleys 



Telegraph and Messenger 
Service 



■•••••••••••••••••■••-•••••••••••••••••• 



..•..•-•..••^ 



OUR GRADUATES ARE THE 

MEN WHO KNOW! 

Actual road experience on a 
sixty-horse-power touring car. 
Expert training in the mech- 
anical construction of various 
modern makes of machines, 
which embraces repairing, 
overhauling, tearing down, 
and assembling cars. 

The demand for experienced 
automobile men, at high sala- 
ries, is rapidly increasing ; get 
the experience and double 
your earning capacity by en- 
rolling in one of our (morn- 
ing, afternoon, or evening) 
classes 

THE AUTOMOBILE COLLEGE 
OF WASHINGTON 

"The Place to Learo" 

1323 Fourteenth Street, N. W. 

Practically trained, thoroughly competent 

chauffeurs furnished , 
Phone, North 4033 Write for Catalog 

^.•■••-••••••••••••••••••••••••••■•■•••••••••••••••••••••••■••-•••••••••^ 



IREMIER IvAUNDRY 

1202 H Street N. W. 

IIXJ AI«K IXS BRANCHES 



THE TOLMAN LAUNDRY 

will launder your linens correctly on 
short notice. They pay special attention 
to tourists' work, and are ver}' reliable. 
Were established in July, 1876. F. W. 
MacKenzie, Mgr., Cor. 6th and C Streets. 
Phone, Main 2590. 

CHRIS. RAMMLING'S 

^^Uiiion Iflarket" 

Choice Meats and Provisions. Fine 
Family Groceries, Lard, Smoked Meat, 
Tongue, etc. Phone, Main 3392. 

312 Pa. Ave. N. W., Washington, D.C. 



'^■•••••••••••••.••••••.•..•^•^••.•••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••-••.•.^ 

THE IvHADIXG 

HARDWARE STORE ! 

IN WASHINGTON 

Wholesale and Retail 

When you need anj'thing 
in the Hardware line 

SEE US 

I W. F, BOWEN 

911 Seventti Street, N. W. 

' Specialty : 

I Butctiers and Grocers' Supplies 



NUNNAIvLY'S CAFE 
For Ladies and Gentlemen 
SHOKT-ORDHR COOKII«iG 

Fifth and I, Sts. N.W.,N.W. cor. Convention Hall 

WM. R. BROWN 
ttatlor 

Cleaning. Dyeing, Pressing and Repairing. 
Goods called for and delivered. First-class work 
guaranteed. Daily and Sunday papers. 

Shoe-Shining Parlor attached. 

519 First St. N. W. 520 N. J. Ave. N. W. 

WILFRED E. LAWSON 

Patents and Patent Causes 

Washington Loan and Trust Building 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTOKV. 



139 



OVERLOOKING THOMAS CIRCLE 



The Iroquois 

No. 1410 M Street, N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Fourteenth Street Car Line 



HIGH-CLASS FURNISHED ROOMS 

TRANSIENTS AND TOURISTS A SPECIALTY 

POPULAR PRICES 

Good Table IRENE SHAFER 



RHONE, WEST 794 

Messages Received by Telephone 
OFFICE 

Western Union Telegraph Company 

United States Express 
Merctianis' Parcel Delivery Company 

BACiOAGE, ETC. 
X2I3 l^iscoiisin Avenue 

SPECIAL ATTENTION 

PROMPT SERVICE 

REASONABLE RATES 

THEATRE TICKETS 

Phone Service Connection with 
Suburban Railways 

MASON, FENWICK & LAWRENCE 
llatrut ICamyrra 

6o2 F Street :North'vveHt 
IVasliliiKrton, D. C. 

Established 48 years Booklet on request 

PATENTS 

obtaineiland trade-marks rej^istereth Our 
Ixjoklet "Concerning Patents" mailed 

^^''^' CALVER A. CALVER 

Patent Attorneys 

501 F Street N. W. Washington. U. C. 

(Formerly Kxaminers U. S. Patent Office) 



MRS. FRIES 

I.ate of liostoii 

5fatiiral JliUihirra |lrrarnlr^ in Wax 
Ornamental Hair Work Neatly Done 

yii9 Xth St. N. \V. \Va-.hiii>;ton. I). C. 

References— Mrs. Pres. Grant, Mrs. W. W. Corcoran, Mrs. 
Gen. Tomkeres, Mrs. Adm'l Goldsborough, Mrs. Gen. Casey, 
Mrs, Gen. Akin, Senator Patterson. 



McGHIE & MOSS 

6L^ New York A\emu- 

Hay, Grain and Feed 

Branch: Second and N Sts. S. W. 
Wood, Coal and Feed 



Call on 

J. H. DABNEY 

\\M Third St. X. \V. 

for a Fine Heavy Team or Carriage 

to any part, by trip or job, (i)r parties, 
receptions, balls, and theaters. 

FURNISHED ROOMS 

734-736 T\YeU"th Street, X. \V. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Convenient to Shopping Districts 

Recommended by the Y. M. C. A. 

Phone, Main 5472 



140 BUSINESS men's directory, 



You Can Get 



Results 

if you consult 

BURNS 



i( r/"^ yy^ 5<L^ 'y^ 99 





Advertising 

721 BOND BUILDING 

^WASHINGTON. D. C. * 

Maybe he'll visit your city some day 

WATCH FOR HIM 



nUSlNKSS MEN S DIRECTORY 



141 



•••»•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••»•"••••••••••••••••-••••»•"••• 



»•»•••••••••••••••••••••••••■••-•• •••••••••••»•»•••••■•..•. ^ 



The Largest Manfrs. of Pianos and Organs in the World 




a^mg 



Kimboll Pianos 

Kimball PlayBr 
Pianos 

Kimball Grand 
Pianos 

Kimball Reed Organs 

Kimball Pipe Organs 



T. P. CULLEY, 523 Eleventh St., N. W. 



•••••••••••••••••••••• •••••.••-••••.••••••■••.••••••••••■ ^ 



GEO. D. HORNING 

N. E. Cor. 9th and D Sts. 

Side Entrance on ''th Street 

O A N 
OFFICE 

INTEREST, 3 PER CENT 



^o 



4....... 



142 



nUSIXESS MEN S DIRKCTOKV. 



Take a Delightful, Invigorating 

1Ru66ian anblLurkisbBatb 

at the 

Washington Russian and Turliisli Ball) Company's 

Establishment 
1329 G STREET NORTH^VEST 

^ Tliese Baths have recently been thoroughly modernized, and afford the mo^ 
exclusive facilities obtainable for gentlemen, and is the only establishment in Wash- 
ington for ladies, v^^hose department is separate. Hours for ladies, 9 a. m. to 6 p.m., 
week days only. Gentlemen's department never closed. Scientific massuers 
in attendance. Splendid sw^imming pools. Sleeping accommodations free. 

4 Xicltets, $3.00 8 Tickets, $5.00 



Sing^le Batli, $1.00 

Telephone, Main 5962 



Reducing Obesity a Specialty 



The 



Largest 

Japanese Store 

ever opened 

KAWASHIMA & CO. 

311 7th St. N.W. 



Bamboo 
Furniture 
Third floor 



Toy and Linen 
Departments 
Second floor 



Phone, West 612 FRANK A. KERR Paperhanging 

Registered Plumber, and Gasfitter, Steam 

and Hot Water Heating 

1251 Wisconsin Ave. Jobbing and Remodeling a 

Specialty. All Branches promptly attended to. 



Western Union Telegraph Company 

United States Express 

Merctiants' Parcel Delivery 

1213 WISCONSIN AVENUE. Phone, West 794 
General Information Bureau. Theater Tickets 
sec\ired and reserved Special service. Piivate 
phone messages delivered. Baggage, etc., checked 
and delivered to suburban railways. 

J. K. HAYES, Manager 

J. ©. \A/F=RI<3HT 

®l|p ptrtortal 

113 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE 
Phone 5458 

LAFAYETTE' 

Curkisl)^ Russian Batbs 

FOX GENTLEMEN ONLY 

Belasco Theater Building, opposite White House 

Phone, Main 6357. Washington, D.C. 

Finest and Best Equipped Establishment South of New York 



BUSINliSS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



143 



•••••••••••»•»••••••••■ 



«••••«•• ••••••••••••••••••••»••••• 



-••••-•••••• 



••-•••••••» 



..►.. 4. 



ERUP 

Spell it backwartls. Then 
insist on 

ErupMineral SpringfWater 

and vou will surelv j^et what ERUi* spells backwards. STILL and 
CARBON ATKD. You can get 

ERIP CARBONATED WATER at all FIRST-CLASS CAFES and BIFFETS 

in Half Pints, Pints and Quarts 
For Still or Table Water 

Call us up or drop us a card. All orders receive personal attention. 

J. M. CLARK and A. ROBIINSOIN 
General Agents 



PHONE. W/eST 672 



3506 XI Street. IS. V\'. 



VVASHIINQTOIV. D. t:. 







H' MD 



y^ ^PQPGf Proprietor 



01 



HK HOTEL MARYLAND is equipped with all modern ai)pointinents, comfort- 
able rooms, private baths, steam heat, telephone service, newspaper and book 
stand. The location is the most elevated and accessible in the city, within three 
minutes walk of the Naval .Academy. The accommoilations are in all respects (irst- 
class and up-to-date, and chari^es moderate. Special rates to Naval OfHcers, their 
families, an<l the parents an<l relatives of midshipmen. Washington, Baltimore an<l 
Annapolis cars pass the door every twenty minutes. 



144 



BUSINESS MENS DIRECTORY. 



GOOD RX^V]JTtP 



PRPCE^"^ COLOR^LATE^ 



ZINC ELTCHINGlT 
~ ~ r IG ISI I M G 



NATIONAL ENGR^ING CD. Inc. 

^06" SOS /^TM ^T/^fET A/. \A/. 

WA^HINOTOINi, D. C. 



Established LS70 Telephone, Main 3002 ; Phone, Main 1864 



Leading Coffee Men 

of Washington, D. C. 

P. W. BROWNING % BRO. 



iUboksale €offee$ 
Coffee Roasters 



619 Louisiana Avenue 
'Washiiig^toii, I>. C. 



PATRICK R OXONNOR 



ALL THE LEADING BRANDS OF 
WINES, LIQUORS, AND CIGARS 



617 D Street Northwest 
Washington, D. C. 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRKCTOKY. 



145 



♦ 



The C. T. HUNTER CO. I 

Sanitary Dust-Killing FInor-OII 



IT«COI»l"ORATKI> 



fVi Used exclusively by the United States Government in all its 
^ Departments 

Used by Washington's leading Business Men 

Its Purpose ^o Preserve Floors 

*^ 1 o dean rloors 

To Exterminate Roaches 

Can be used °" ^^^ Finest Furniture 

— Guaranteed by the firm to do just what 
is represented 

Q Q 1 f] in from One to Ten-gallon cans 
=^=^= or by the barrel 

Price ^^^^^ grade, 50 cents per gallon ; second grade (for 
==^= floors only), 25 cents per gallon 

^ Shipped to any part of the United States 
^ Samples furnished free 

Agents w^anted everywhere 



i C. T. HUNTER, 113 Penna. Avenue i 

Telephone, Main 5458 Washington, D. C. | 

I 



146 



BUSINESS MENS DIRECTORY. 



-•••••••"•• ••..»..•.. 



'•••••• .0"»"»" 



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»•••••••••••*••••••••••"•••••••••••••••••••«••• 



BUSINESS men's directory. 147 

^••..•..•••. .••.#»•..•»•..•»•..«..•..«..•..«»«. .•..«..*..«..»..*..«..«..«. .•«•..•-•..•..•..•»•. .•»•..•..«»•..•*.•»•..•. .•■.•..•..•»•»•■■•■. ^.^ 



ROR 



B V XME 



C. T. Hunter Official Guide Book Co. 



Trade Advertisements 



ONE WELLINGTON TYPEWRITER. Price $60. We will ^Af) 
sell this elegant new machine for tP^vr 

A THREE-MONTHS' SCHOLARSHIP In Draughon's Practical ^n(\ 
Business College. Only q)^U 

A SIX-MONTHS' SCHOLARSHIP in Wood's Commercial School. ^A(\ I 

Value $50. We will sell this scholarship for ... . m)^U I 

WASHINGTON RUSSIAN AND TURKISH BATHS. Tickets C(\^ 

worth $1 each. We will sell for OUC 

N. B. These advertisements are trade — that is, we accept 
trade instead of cash. We can therefore sell under the standard 
? price of the articles named from 20 to 50 per cent. 

''First Come, First Served" 

Here are bargains for cash which you may not agam be offered 
m a lifetime. 



A.F>RUV XC3 



j C. T. HUNTER & CO., 113 PA. AVE. N.W. 



148 



BUSINEISS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



Mail Orders Given Prompt Attention 

C. T. Hunter Sanitary Dust-Killing Floor Oil Co., { 

Incorporated 

Business Office : Factory: 

Room 401 Munsey Building 113 Pennsylvania Ave., N. W. 

Plioae, Main 1680 Phone, Main 5458 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



Sanitary DusUl^Uling Floor Oil 

Special Price on Orders Per Barrel 



This Oil Will Clean Your Furniture and Fixtures, Oil Cloth and 
Linoleum, and All Iron Work and Slate Mantels. 

Now Being Used in Government Buildings, Department 
Stores, Office Buildings, Hotels, Larger Business Houses 
and Many Private Homes. The following is a partial list : 



Government Departments: 

Agriculture. 

State, War and Navy. 

Auditor for the Post Office De- 
partment. 

Robert Shaw Oliver, Asst. Secre- 
tary of War. 

Government Printing Office. 

Census Bureau. 

Isthmian Canal Commission. 

War College. 

Soldiers' Home. 

Office of Public Roads. 

Department Stores : 

Woodward & Lothrop. 

Haines' Big Store. 

Palais Royal. 

The Hub. 

S. Kann, Sons & Co. 

Mayer Bros. 

Goldenberg's. 

The Famous Stores. 

Hudson's Variety Store. 

Jackson Bros. 

Office Buildings and Hotels: 

Munsey Building. 

Western Union Tel. Office. 

L,e Droit Building. 

Driscoll Hotel. 

Arlington Hotel. 

Fredonia Hotel. 

Montrose Hotel. 

Evelyn Hotel. 

V'endome Hotel. 

New York Avenue Hotel. 

Merchants' Hotel. 

Cobb's Hotel. 

Engel Hotel. 

Oxford Hotel. 



Tremont Hotel. 
American House. 
Howard House. 
Metropolitan Hotel. 
Varnum Hotel. 
Stoneleigh Court. 
Fendall Building. 
The Willows Building. 
Hutchins Building. 
The Alabama. 
Columbia Building. 
Southern Railway Building. 
Jewish Synagogue. 

Barber Shops: 

The Gayhart Barber Shop. ' 

Watson's Barber Shop, and 200 
others. 

Business Houses: 

Farrell & Co. 
John Magruder. 
Shoemaker. 
Storm & Sherwood. 
Market Dining Room. 
Laxman & Saxty. 
Hankser & Co. 
Washington Jockey Club. 

C. & P. Telephone Co. 
Karl Xander. 
Christian Xander. 
Ayers Lunch Room. 

I. Schwartz. 

M. Joyce Engraving Co. 

Friedlander. 

D. A. Langley. 
Schmidt's Bird Store. 
Keen, the Tailor. 
Pythian Temple. 
Stern, the Tailor. 
Munster Bros. 

Walter & Sons' Carriage Works. 



BUSINESS men's directory. 



149 



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,.#M«. .»»■»■■•-♦"»"♦"•**♦"♦* ' 



••-•••••••••• '^ 



PARTIAL LIST OF USERS Continued 



M. Scanlon. 

Delano Cafe. 

C. C. Purcell. 

Steinnian. 

Washington Tobacco Co. 

J. J. Allen. 

Georgetown College. 

Wilkens Printing Co. 

Geo. Washington I'niversity. 

.Monzo Bliss. 

.Morton C. Stout. 

Gilbert, the Tailor. 

Wash. Gas-Light Co. 

Chas. Dietz. 

Xander & Plugge. 

King's Palace. 

Globe Printing Co. 

Arniat Moving Pictures. 

Moore Moving Pictures. 

Voung Men's Christian Asso. 

W. B. Holtzclaw. 

C. C. Cockran. 

I. Newman. 

Joseph Auerbach. 

Owl Lunch Room. 

.Metropolitan Pool Room. 

Capitol Hill Pool Room. 

Oppenheimer & Ney. 

.M. Sauers. 

J. M. Connell. 

-Xdler's Shoe Store. 

F. E. Cowswell. 

Shappirio Sporting Goods. 

Justh Old Stand. 

Kahn's Souvenir Store. 

Sterne Bros. 

h- Klawans. 

h- Sonneborn. 

Chas. Hurdel. 

Burdine Bar Room. 

Hayden Bros. 

Van Fleets. 

D. J. Kaufman. 

E. Heidenheimer. 
Gude Bros. Co. 
I'. H. Kramer. 
.American Rose Co. 
T. II. Small & Co. 
'r. Hardy & Co. 

"Z. D. Blackistone. 
Lucios Jewelry Store. 
Tulius Garfinkle & Co. 
Smoot, Coffer & McCalley. 
.Mayer & Co. 
Pettit & Co. 
Cole & Swan. 
The Crawford Shoe Co. 
R. Snooks. 
Ham. Adams. 
Washington Loan Co. 
.■\. Am an. 
He Atley's. 



15 th 



Gerstenberps. 

.Mma Cutsane Arnold, 

and I Sts., N. W. 
Dr. Fields, and about 200 

other druggists. 

Washington Barracks: 

Quartermaster. 

Banks: 

Union Trust Co. 
National City Bank. 
National Savings Bank, and 15 
others. 

Alexandria, Va. 

R. E. Knight and 100 others. 

Fort Myer, Va. : 

( )uartermastcr. 
Capt. Cassatt. 
Capt. Cassell. 

Hyattsville, Md. : 

Hall's Grocery and 75 families. 

Bladensburg, Md.: 

Brown's Big Store and 10 others. 

Mt. Rainier, D. C: 

Boswell's Store. 

Tennallytown, D. C: 

.-\mar. Klet Seminary. 

Catholic School. 

John O. Day. 

"I. G. ShaflFer. 

C. E. Miller. 

G. F. Morton. 

A. Johnson. 

T. H. Grace. 

R. H. Tingley. 

E. Wallard. 

W. J. Jamison. 

Mrs. Miller. 

.Mrs. Morder. 

O. Calhoun. 

Dr. Pardon. 

Eli Riley. 

Mrs. Darr. 

Mrs. Paxton. 

Mrs. P. Hall. 

Mrs. H. Marks. 

Mrs. Parr. 

Mrs. Hunt and 108 others. 



C. T. HUNTER SANITARY DUST-KILLING FLOOR OIL 

How to Use It lor Stores, Otflces and Homes 

Use only about once a month. First sweep the floor. Apply as thin as 

possible with mop or rag, and sweep with a straw broom always. 

DIRECTIONS FOR USING THIS OIL 

Apply as thin as possible and wipe ofT with dry cloth. 

This Oil Preserves Linoleum and Oil Cloth, Prevents Cracking and 

Breaking. Keeps all Insects from IHoors on which it us used. 



♦- 



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150 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



PROFESSIONAL TOOTH PASTE 

WILL WHITEN THE TEETH 

SWEETEN THE BREATH 

AND HARDEN THE GUMS 

Recommended by Dentists, Physicians, and Nurses 

PROFESSIONAL 
TOOTH PASTE 

is a discovery made by Alver 
C. Rkynolds, Chemist, while 
working in the Pharmaceutical 
Laboratory of the Johns HopkinS 

Hospital, Baltimore, Md. 




PROFESSIONAL 
TOOTH PASTE 

is a Potassium Chlorate Compound 
recommended as a very pleasant and 
reliable prophylactic against disease of 
the mouth and throat, correcting fetid 
breath, hardening soft and bleeding 
gums, preventing the formation of and 

removing tartar, "Whitening and Tighten- 
ing the Teeth" and preventing Riggs 
disease. 

Riggs Disease, known to the profes- 
sion as PyorrhcTeaalveolaris, is a disease 
of the gums which causes them to re- 
cede, whereby the teeth become loose 
and have a long unsighth- appearance. 



For Sale at All Druggists 
PRICE, 25 CENTS 



SAMPLES MAILED FREE UPON APPLICATION 

A. C. REYNOLDS CO., BALTIMORE, 



^ •••••■••■•••••••••••■•••••• .•»•.•••■ 



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»•••••*••••»•• 



BUSINESS MEN S DIRECTORY. 



151 



^.m..»..t..»..:.t..». .•..•..•..•..•«•..•..•..•..•»•..•-•. .•..«..•»•»•>•..•..•»•. ••••••••-••••~«~«-»< .»-•-•"•-•«•-•-••.••••"•-•-•• ••• ♦ 



Phone, arag-y Main 



Benjamin Schwab 

719 Ninth Street, Northwest 

Pawn Tickets, Hiamonds, Watches 

Jewelry, Old Gold, Silver and 

Coins, Bought and Sold 



PREMIUM PAID ON GOLD DOLLARS 



^ •••••••••••-•"••••••••■•• >••••••••••••••• 



..•..•..•..•..•»•..•»•»•> ^ 



S. D. NVATERS @. SON, 310 Pa. Ave. N W. 

The Bargain You're Looking for. Now's Your 
Chance to Save $35 to $50. Call and see these 

Stylish Surreys. We Undersell lur Competitors. 

Stylish Canopy Top Surreys 

We have just received a large shipment ot these 
fashionable vehicles. These surreys will seat four peo- 
ple, have three springs, and are built in Royal and 
Standard grades with steel and rubber tires, in a va- 
riety of paintings and trimmings. 



They're worth more, but we are selling them at 
bargain prices, ranging from 

$125 to $200 

$10 Adjustable Canopy Tops for Runabouts 

Special, $6.50 

$18 Harness. Special, $10.50 

Fine Carriages, Wagons, Harness, &c. 

The Largest Showing in the Cily. Phone, Main 1821 "^^ 





S. D. WATERS (Si SON. 310 Pa Ave. N. W, 



iFtnta 



This Official Guide Book is complete. We have had difficulties to 
contend with and the envy of rivals, but we have "made good" as the 
nomenclature of the street goes. No Guide Book has ever been issued 
in Washington with the detail and illustrations of The Hunter Offi- 
cial Guide Book. 

The new and original illustrations, from McClellan's statue to the 
Chemistry Building, have been made by artists attached to the Hunter 
Official Guide Book. The editor of the Official Guide Book 
visited Major Richard Sylvester, Chief of Police, and presented to that 
renowned official the leaves of the Guide Book to ascertain if there 
was anything objectionable within its pages. Major Sylvester care- 
fully and closely examined and read the pages submitted and authorized 
us to sell the book on the streets of Washington from the ist to the 
8th day of March, 1909. 

Therefore every purchaser of The Hunter Official Guide Book 
gets the real value of his money and an up-to-date Guide Book of the 
City of Washington, its monuments to heroes and its public buildings. 
We have' kept faith with the public and present an official Guide Book, 
(authorized by act of Congress) which covers every important his- 
torical event and every public building within the District of Columbia. 
It has cost us thousands of dollars but as we intend and have the ambi- 
tion to leave it to our family as a memorial of our efforts to exploit the 
city of our birth we do not regret the expense nor do we look for reim- 
bursement by the sale of the book, or the advertisements with which 
we have been favored. And touching the advertisements we exceed- 
ingly regret that we have been unable to insert very many favors ex- 
tended us by the merchants and business men of Washington, the book 
having been closed on February i8th to enable the printer to get out 
the enormous edition of ONE hundred thousand copies (100,000) 
on time. To those advertisers whose favors we received too late we 
can only express our regret and a promise to have them in the second 
erlition. 

The public will understand that this is a permanent publication, re- 
vised monthly and the only Official Guide Book ever gotten up by a 
native and citizen of Washington City. 

There are foreign Guide Books sold in the Capital of the Nation. 
We challenge comparison with these "sellers," in which the authors, 
publishers and editors have no more interest in Washington City than 
they have in Timbuctoo.' The Hunter Official Guide Book is 
authorized by Major Sylvester, Chief of Police of the National Capi- 
tal, to be sold on the streets from the ist to the 8th day of March, with- 
out permit or license. The editor specially directs attention to the 
chapter on this great chief of police and the Municipal Government of 
the City of Washington. 

Respectfully, 
The C. T. Hunter Official Guide Book, 

113 Pennsylvania Avenue. 
W. J. ELLIOTT, Editor. 



y\)x?nV.eT's 




M(M|i|||,"ll % ^^ 




Illustrated^ 



1909 

•Price 25 Cents 



Established 1873 Telephone, North 1595 



S. H. HINES 



Undertaker, Embalmer, and | 

*,. I Funeral Director 

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1715 Fourteenth Street, N. W. 



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New Jersey Ave. and 

C Street, Souttieast 
WastiingtOD, D. C. 



One Square from United States Capitol 
and Congfressional Library. Opposite 
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ing:. Convenient to all Car I^ines. 
l^itliin One Bloek of Union Station 

ONE HUNDRED ROOMS 

EVERV ROOItl AIV OUTSIDE OP4E 
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and up. 



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